Pollutant emissions from biomass burning: A review on emission characteristics, environmental impacts, and research perspectives

Particuology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 296 - 309

Published: July 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Char dominates black carbon aerosol emission and its historic reduction in China

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 13, 2023

Emission factors and inventories of black carbon (BC) aerosols are crucial for estimating their adverse atmospheric effect. However, it is imperative to separate BC emissions into char soot subgroups due significantly different physicochemical properties potential effects. Here, we present a substantial dataset emission derived from field laboratory measurements. Based on the latest results char-to-soot ratio, further reconstructed years 1960-2017 in China. Our findings indicate that dominates annual its huge historical reduction, which can be attributable rapid changes energy structure, combustion technology standards recent decades. suggest reductions both China world should focus char, mainly derives lower-temperature easier decrease compared soot.

Language: Английский

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GTWS-MLrec: global terrestrial water storage reconstruction by machine learning from 1940 to present

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 5597 - 5615

Published: Dec. 8, 2023

Abstract. Terrestrial water storage (TWS) includes all forms of stored on and below the land surface, is a key determinant global energy budgets. However, TWS data from measurements by Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission are only available 2002, limiting regional understanding long-term trends variabilities in terrestrial cycle under climate change. This study presents (i.e., 1940–2022) relatively high-resolution 0.25∘) monthly time series anomalies over surface. The reconstruction achieved using set machine learning models with large number predictors, including climatic hydrological variables, use/land cover data, vegetation indicators (e.g., leaf area index). outcome, machine-learning-reconstructed estimates GTWS-MLrec), fits well GRACE/GRACE-FO measurements, showing high correlation coefficients low biases GRACE era. We also evaluate GTWS-MLrec other independent products such as land–ocean mass budget, atmospheric budget 341 river basins, streamflow at 10 168 gauges. results show that our proposed performs overall as, or more reliable than, previous datasets. Moreover, reconstructions successfully reproduce consequences variability strong El Niño events. dataset consists three based (a) mascons Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute Technology, Center for Space Research University Texas Austin, Goddard Flight NASA; (b) detrended de-seasonalized reconstructions; (c) six average areas, both without Greenland Antarctica. Along its extensive attributes, GTWS_MLrec can support wide range geoscience applications better constraining evaluating models, climate-carbon coupling, resources management. Zenodo through https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10040927 (Yin, 2023).

Language: Английский

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Air Pollution Interactions with Weather and Climate Extremes: Current Knowledge, Gaps, and Future Directions

Current Pollution Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 430 - 442

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Lightning-Induced Wildfires: An Overview

Fire, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 79 - 79

Published: March 2, 2024

Wildfire causes environmental, economic, and human problems or losses. This study reviewed wildfires induced by lightning strikes. review focuses on the investigations of mechanisms in laboratory. Also, paper aims to discuss some modeling studies lightning-induced at different geographical locations using satellite-recorded data statistical analyses. established that irrespective models used predict wildfires, there is still a lack understanding lightning-strike ignition mechanism; few experiments have been modeled establish dynamics ignition. Therefore, further research needs be carried out this area understand It was ascertained from various are exacerbated abundant availability fuel with lower moisture content high efficiency. Moreover, because changes climate weather conditions, i.e., harsh conditions due anthropogenic activities, increased over years, they expected increase future if continue aggravate. Although identified recently, no preventive measures conclusively proposed reduce lightning-caused wildfires. Hence, aspect has given critical attention. presents information gives profound especially factors influence state-of-the-art completed

Language: Английский

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Unexpectedly High Levels of H₂O₂ Drive Sulfate Formation over the Residual Layer in Beijing

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry, but knowledge of its variation, sources, and impact on sulfate formation remains incomplete, especially the urban boundary layer aloft. Here, we conducted field campaign with measurements H2O2 related species at tower-based site (∼528 m above ground surface) Beijing spring 2022. The observed hourly concentration reached up to 21.2 ppbv an average value 3.4 ± 3.7 during entire observation period, which was higher than values from previous observations throughout world. budget revealed that two known sources (self-reaction HO2 radicals ozonolysis alkenes) could not account for significant H2O2, leading considerable unknown source strength (∼0.14–0.53 h–1) noon after sunset. Based levoglucosan signal, distribution fire points, backward trajectories, biomass burning emissions southwest (e.g., North China Plain) were found contribute greatly formation. Besides, photochemical aging PM2.5 might also have potential production noon. unexpectedly high concentrations aloft made vital contribution (0.2–1.1 μg m–3 h–1), be transported surface turbulent mixing. Our findings provide improved understanding chemistry megacity, as well

Language: Английский

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A super dust storm enhanced by radiative feedback

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: July 14, 2023

Abstract As the main dust source area in East Asia, Gobi Desert (GD) exerts critical impacts on radiation budget downstream regions. Dust radiative feedback GD Mongolian cyclone, however, remains poorly understood. Herein, dynamic is coupled with Weather Research and Forecasting model Chemistry (WRF-Chem) for better simulations. Results show that cyclone dominates event May 2019. results downward momentum transport cools northeast of Mongolia by affecting zonal winds temperature advection. Lower-troposphere cooling upper-atmosphere warming change atmospheric vertical structure enhance baroclinicity. Further, cold air deeply descends into bottom warm a wedge shape promotes ascension to cyclone. The strong maintained continues cause high concentrations northern China via westerlies. This study explores how over can intensify provides scientific reference related studies.

Language: Английский

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Quantifying the premature mortality and economic loss from wildfire-induced PM2.5 in the contiguous U.S.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 875, P. 162614 - 162614

Published: March 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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Spatiotemporal variation characteristics of global fires and their emissions

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(13), P. 7781 - 7798

Published: July 14, 2023

Abstract. Intense regional fires are a common occurrence in the context of climate warming and have progressively evolved into one major natural disasters terrestrial ecosystems, posing serious hazard to atmosphere change. We investigated spatial distribution, intensity, emission changes, meteorological differences between different fire-active fire-prone regions globally based on multi-source satellite remote sensing fire data, data order better understand change trend activity at multiple temporal scales. The findings demonstrate that while burned area (BA) has decreased slowly over last 20 years, fraction (BF), count (FC), radiative power (FRP) all exhibit pronounced seasonal variations. physical characteristics fires, including BF, FC, FRP, experience greater variation as latitude increases, with summer autumn being seasons most frequent worldwide. This study also shows emissions declined substantially 2012 2020 northern Canada, Alaska, northeastern China, whereas it notably increased Siberia region during same period, primarily due rise emissions. results classification show difference CO2 produced by among is relatively small. Excluding CO2, aerosol (the total organic carbon (OC), (TC), black (BC)) ranged from 78.6 % 84.2 %, least significant air pollutants PM2.5, SO2, NOx) 5.8 11.7 %. abundance vegetation predominately affects intensity development, weather conditions can indirectly influence incidence altering growth condition vegetation. Correspondingly, increase temperature Northern Hemisphere's middle- high-latitude forest likely cause for emissions, tropical was largely influenced decrease precipitation relative humidity. contributes understanding variations variability provides support control across seasons.

Language: Английский

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Global vegetation, moisture, thermal and climate interactions intensify compound extreme events

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 912, P. 169261 - 169261

Published: Dec. 12, 2023

Compound extreme events, encompassing drought, vegetation stress, wildfire severity, and heatwave intensity (CDVWHS), pose significant threats to societal, environmental, health systems. Understanding the intricate relationships governing CDVWHS evolution their interaction with climate teleconnections is crucial for effective adaptation strategies. This study leverages remote sensing, reanalysis data, models analyze during historical (1982–2014), near-future (2028–2060), far-future (2068–2100) periods under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP; 245 585). Our results show that reduced health, unfavorable temperature conditions, low moisture conditions have negligible effects on density. However, they worsen of heatwaves increase risk wildfires. Wildfires can persist when thermal are poor despite favorable levels. For example, adequate availability, we link 2012 Siberian in Ob basin anomalous negative concurrent thermal-moisture conditions. In contrast, Amazon experiences exceptional drought associated same year. A comparative analysis North American fires reveals distinct burned area anomalies due variations density fuel. The lower positive areas because density, which amount Furthermore, examine basin-specific variability related compound CDVWHS, revealing primary modes through teleconnection patterns. Moreover, a substantial magnitude severity emerges between near far future SSP 585. underscores urgency targeted actions enhance ecosystem resilience safeguard vulnerable communities from impacts. Identifying hotspots comprehending complex environmental factors essential developing strategies changing climate.

Language: Английский

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