Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(16), P. 12294 - 12294
Published: Aug. 11, 2023
Middle
Eastern
countries
suffer
from
dust
events
due
to
extended
arid
areas.
Among
them,
Iran
is
a
country
experiencing
high
record
of
each
year
causing
major
environmental
challenges.
Although
there
are
previous
studies
the
present
situations
storm
occurrences
in
Iran,
most
have
analyzed
meteorological
dataset
limited
weather
stations
and
areas
Iran.
To
understand
nationwide
trends
distributions
frequencies
events,
comprehensive
statistical
evaluations
based
on
different
categories,
required.
Therefore,
this
study
analyzes
12-year
databases
obtained
at
427
clarify
distribution
occurrence
recent
decade
by
classifying
into
suspended
dust,
rising
storm.
The
highest
days
belongs
which
surpassed
150
per
year,
followed
with
over
100
and,
finally,
storms
frequency
30
as
annual
statistics
events.
In
contrast,
were
some
that
recorded
minimal
during
observation
periods.
prove
spatial
nonuniformity
showed
distinct
concentration
western
regions
country,
while
tended
occur
more
frequently
southern,
eastern,
central
parts
Accordingly,
seasonal
analyses
indicate
number
occurred
spring
season,
being
greater
than
other
seasons
all
three
categories.
Nonetheless,
do
not
demonstrate
any
significant
trends,
only
2012
having
across
terms
monthly
analyses,
increase
late
early
summer
These
importance
studying
numerous
station
datasets
long-term
variations.
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
186, P. 108629 - 108629
Published: April 1, 2024
Recently,
extreme
wildfires
occur
frequently
around
the
world
and
emit
substantial
brown
carbon
(BrC)
into
atmosphere,
whereas
molecular
compositions
photochemical
evolution
of
BrC
remain
poorly
understood.
In
this
work,
primary
smoke
aerosols
were
generated
from
wood
smoldering,
secondary
formed
by
OH
radical
photooxidation
in
an
oxidation
flow
reactor,
where
both
samples
collected
on
filters.
After
solvent
extraction
filter
samples,
composition
dissolved
organic
(DOC)
was
determined
Fourier
transform
ion
cyclotron
resonance
mass
spectrometry
(FTICR
MS).
The
obtained
based
constraints
DOC
formulae.
proportion
fractions
accounted
for
approximately
1/3–1/2
formulae
DOC.
characteristics
showed
higher
levels
state,
double
bond
equivalents,
modified
aromaticity
index
than
those
DOC,
indicating
that
a
class
structures
with
relatively
unsaturated
aromatic
degree
fractions.
comparative
analysis
suggested
aliphatic
olefinic
dominated
(contributing
to
70.1%-76.9%),
while
olefinic,
aromatic,
condensed
97.5%-99.9%).
It
is
worth
noting
only
contained
carboxylic-rich
alicyclic
molecules
(CRAMs)-like
structures,
hydrocarbons,
highly
oxygenated
compounds.
CRAMs-like
most
abundant
species
Nevertheless,
specific
varied
subgroups
after
aging.
results
highlight
similarities
differences
This
work
will
provide
insights
understanding
smoke.
SSRN Electronic Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
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DOI
One Earth,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(6), P. 751 - 759
Published: June 1, 2023
Black-carbon
(BC)
aerosol
can
strongly
influence
planetary
boundary
layer
(PBL)
development
and
thus
severe
haze
formation,
but
its
distinct
role
compared
with
scattering
aerosols
is
not
yet
fully
understood.
Here,
combining
numerical
simulation
field
observation,
we
found
a
"tipping
point,"
where
the
daily
maximum
PBL
height
decreases
abruptly
when
exceeding
critical
threshold
of
optical
depth
(AOD),
due
to
BC-induced
decoupling
mixing
zones.
Because
AOD
increasing
BC
mass
fraction,
our
results
suggest
that
abrupt
transition
adverse
conditions
be
avoided
by
reducing
below
more
efficiently
fraction
increase
(e.g.,
up
four
six
times
effective
in
extreme
events
Beijing).
To
achieve
co-benefits
for
air
quality
climate
change,
findings
clearly
demonstrate
high
priority
should
given
controlling
emissions.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(16), P. 12294 - 12294
Published: Aug. 11, 2023
Middle
Eastern
countries
suffer
from
dust
events
due
to
extended
arid
areas.
Among
them,
Iran
is
a
country
experiencing
high
record
of
each
year
causing
major
environmental
challenges.
Although
there
are
previous
studies
the
present
situations
storm
occurrences
in
Iran,
most
have
analyzed
meteorological
dataset
limited
weather
stations
and
areas
Iran.
To
understand
nationwide
trends
distributions
frequencies
events,
comprehensive
statistical
evaluations
based
on
different
categories,
required.
Therefore,
this
study
analyzes
12-year
databases
obtained
at
427
clarify
distribution
occurrence
recent
decade
by
classifying
into
suspended
dust,
rising
storm.
The
highest
days
belongs
which
surpassed
150
per
year,
followed
with
over
100
and,
finally,
storms
frequency
30
as
annual
statistics
events.
In
contrast,
were
some
that
recorded
minimal
during
observation
periods.
prove
spatial
nonuniformity
showed
distinct
concentration
western
regions
country,
while
tended
occur
more
frequently
southern,
eastern,
central
parts
Accordingly,
seasonal
analyses
indicate
number
occurred
spring
season,
being
greater
than
other
seasons
all
three
categories.
Nonetheless,
do
not
demonstrate
any
significant
trends,
only
2012
having
across
terms
monthly
analyses,
increase
late
early
summer
These
importance
studying
numerous
station
datasets
long-term
variations.
