Ocean-based negative emissions technologies: a governance framework review DOI Creative Commons

Lina Röschel,

Barbara Neumann

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

The model pathways of the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) timely achievement global climate targets, especially target limiting warming to 1.5°C compared pre-industrial levels, suggest need safeguarding and enhancing carbon sink. Experts argue that deployment so-called negative emissions technologies large-scale dioxide removal holds potential keeping temperature in line with limits set by Paris Agreement. Ocean-based (ONETs) intend enhance sequestration storage ocean, e.g., changing ocean’s physical or biogeochemical properties. But addition these intended effects, ONETs may also cause unintentional impacts on condition related coastal marine ecosystem services are relevant attainment a range policy goals. This article links direct indirect, intentional eight environment regulations goals international environmental agreements current ocean governance regime. results thereof outline direct, implicit indirect framework ONETs. Hereby, broader perspective concept (global) is adopted wider network goes beyond explicit regulation within realm governance. first-order assessment derives gaps challenges existing framework, as well needs opportunities comprehensive technologies. It determined while inclusion strategy be deemed necessary reaching net zero emission targets future, trade-offs other considered dealt when deploying ONETS mitigation. Further, foresight-oriented adaptive mechanisms appear imperative bridge resulting from extensive uncertainties unknowns linked ONET and. identified reiterates governance, instance fragmentation, but represents an opportunity synergistic integrated approach future

Language: Английский

Aquatic deoxygenation as a planetary boundary and key regulator of Earth system stability DOI
Kevin C. Rose, Erica M. Ferrer, Stephen R. Carpenter

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 1400 - 1406

Published: July 15, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Deep sea nature-based solutions to climate change DOI Creative Commons
Nathalie Hilmi, Michael Sutherland,

Shekoofeh Farahmand

et al.

Frontiers in Climate, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: July 6, 2023

The deep sea (below 200 m depth) is the largest carbon sink on Earth. It hosts abundant biodiversity that underpins cycle and provides provisioning, supporting, regulating cultural ecosystem services. There growing attention to climate-regulating ocean services from scientific, business political sectors. In this essay we synthesize unique biophysical, socioeconomic governance characteristics of critically assess opportunities for deep-sea blue mitigate climate change. Deep-sea consists fluxes storage including transferred atmosphere by inorganic organic pumps water, sequestered in skeletons bodies organisms, buried within sediments or captured carbonate rock. However, mitigating change through enhancement suffers lack scientific knowledge verification, technological limitations, potential environmental impacts, a cooperation collaboration, underdeveloped governance. Together, these issues suggest mitigation limited. Thus, strong focus too limited framework managing contribute international goals, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Paris Agreement post-2020 Biodiversity Goals. Instead, can be viewed as more holistic nature-based solution, many addition climate. Environmental impact assessments (EIAs), area-based management, pollution reduction, moratoria, accounting fisheries management are tools treaties could help realize benefits deep-sea, solutions.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
A horizon scan of global biological conservation issues for 2024 DOI Creative Commons
William J. Sutherland, Craig Bennett, Peter N. M. Brotherton

et al.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 89 - 100

Published: Dec. 18, 2023

We present the results of our 15th horizon scan novel issues that could influence biological conservation in future. From an initial list 96 issues, international panel scientists and practitioners identified 15 we consider important for societies worldwide to track potentially respond to. Issues are within or represent a substantial positive negative step-change with global regional extents. For example, new sources hydrogen fuel changes deep-sea currents may have profound impacts on marine terrestrial ecosystems. Technological advances be include benchtop DNA printers industrialisation approaches can create high-protein food from air, reducing pressure land production.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Biomass Storage in Anoxic Marine Basins: Initial Estimates of Geochemical Impacts and CO2 Sequestration Capacity DOI Creative Commons
M. R. Raven, Molly A. Crotteau, Natalya Evans

et al.

AGU Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Abstract In combination with dramatic and immediate CO 2 emissions reductions, net‐negative atmospheric removal (CDR) is necessary to maintain average global temperature increases below 2.0°C. Many proposed CDR pathways involve the placement of vast quantities organic carbon (biomass) on seafloor in some form, but little known about their potential biogeochemical impacts, especially at scales relevant for climate. Here, we evaluate impacts durability storage specifically within deep anoxic basins, where matter (OM) remineralized through anaerobic processes that may enhance its efficiency. We present simple mixing models quantify scale large‐scale OM addition abyssal Black Sea, Cariaco Basin, hypersaline Orca Basin. These calculations reveal Sea particular have accept biomass climatically moderate changes geochemical state water limited communication impact surface water. Still, all these systems would require extensive further evaluation prior consideration megatonne‐scale sequestration. key unknowns remain, including partitioning breakdown among sulfate‐reducing methanogenic metabolisms fate methane environment. Given urgency responsible development basins reduce ecological risks animal communities, efforts address knowledge gaps related microbial kinetics, benthic processes, physical are critically needed.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Investigation the impact of methane leakage on the marine carbon sink DOI
Ting Hu, Tao Yang, Birol Dindoruk

et al.

Applied Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 360, P. 122880 - 122880

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Ideas and perspectives: Human impacts alter the marine fossil record DOI Creative Commons
Rafał Nawrot, Martin Zuschin, Adam Tomášových

et al.

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(9), P. 2177 - 2188

Published: May 3, 2024

Abstract. The youngest fossil record is a crucial source of data documenting the recent history marine ecosystems and their long-term alteration by humans. However, human activities that reshape communities habitats also alter sedimentary biological processes control formation archives recording those impacts. These diverse physical, geochemical, disturbances include changes in sediment fluxes due to alluvial coastal landscapes, seabed disturbance bottom trawling ship traffic, ocean acidification deoxygenation, removal native species, introduction invasive ecosystem engineers. novel modify sedimentation rates, depth intensity mixing, pore-water saturation state, preservation potential skeletal remains – parameters controlling completeness spatiotemporal resolution record. We argue humans have become major force transforming nature ways can both impede improve our ability reconstruct past ecological climate dynamics. A better understanding feedback between impacts on offers new research opportunities tools for interpreting geohistorical ongoing anthropogenic transformation ocean.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Solar Geoengineering DOI Open Access
Patrick Moriarty, Damon Honnery

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

As Earth's climate steadily deteriorates, with extreme weather events increasing in both frequency and severity over all regions, the calls for solar geoengineering (SG) are increasing, influential organizations, including Royal Society United Nations Environmental Program calling research to be undertaken. An important reason this current interest is failure of conventional methods change mitigation (nuclear power, renewable energy, carbon dioxide removal, or energy efficiency) even stem annual rise fossil fuel emissions, greenhouse gas emissions overall. Other arguments SG that anticipated costs SG, its albedo increases atmosphere, surface waters, land, lower than methods. Even among community scientists, faces much opposition, as evidenced by a petition signed many hundreds scientists. Their not only stress known presently unknown drawbacks but also difficulty achieving trust cooperation nations politically polarized inequitable world.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Beyond Paris: emergency imperatives for global policy and local action DOI Creative Commons

Peter Droege

Sustainable Earth Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Equitable marine carbon dioxide removal: the legal basis for interstate benefit-sharing DOI Creative Commons
Neil Craik

Climate Policy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 15

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Aotearoa New Zealand’s marine carbon cycle in a changing climate – Current understanding and future directions DOI Creative Commons
Scott D. Nodder, Cliff S. Law, Erik Behrens

et al.

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 44

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

The marine system plays a critical role in the global climate cycle, as major control of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Marine primary production (photosynthesis) and remineralisation organic (respiration, degradation) determine amount CO2 sequestered sediments deep-water environments on century to millennial timescales. stocks fluxes cycle are susceptible change impacts other anthropogenic activities that modify key processes. Oceanographic studies Aotearoa New Zealand's Exclusive Economic Zone (NZ EEZ) Territorial Seas over past decades have provided broad knowledge across complex dynamic seascape, but there remain fundamental gaps limit identification response present future threats. In particular, several areas EEZ been under-sampled currently insufficient data establish baselines variability for cycle. We recommend new observational technologies ocean modelling applications be fully developed utilised enable development robust predictive capability our ocean's human-induced perturbations. Future focus oceanic nature-based solutions accelerate uptake will require improved NZ's EEZ.

Language: Английский

Citations

0