PLANT PHYSIOLOGY,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
197(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Modeling
has
been
used
to
explore
various
aspects
of
primary
root
development
and
growth
in
Arabidopsis
thaliana,
thanks
enormous
advances
the
genetic
biochemical
bases
cell
division,
differentiation,
and,
more
recently,
progress
measuring
these
processes.
facilitated
characterization
regulations
involved
processes
system
properties
that
they
confer.
Recently,
mechanical-physical
have
started
be
determined
with
help
modeling.
Here
we
review
recent
modeling
approaches
examine
growth,
from
transcriptional
signaling
regulation
decisions
mechanical
basis
morphogenesis,
highlight
common
features
future
challenges.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
Abstract
Plant
biomechanics,
an
emerging
interdisciplinary
field,
plays
irreplaceable
role
in
revealing
the
structure‐function
relationships
plant
life
processes.
This
field
integrates
classical
mechanical
theories
with
modern
biological
methods,
providing
novel
perspectives
for
phenotype
research
and
offering
significant
theoretical
guidance
crop
breeding,
cultivation
management,
ecological
protection.
review
comprehensively
examines
existing
from
three
dimensions:
perspectives,
methodologies,
content.
Using
maize
lodging
as
a
case
study,
key
scientific
questions,
modeling
strategies
are
analyzed
across
scales
molecular
to
population
levels.
Furthermore,
this
paper
identifies
main
challenges
biomechanics
research,
particularly
methodology
development,
framework
refinement,
model
simulation,
3D
modeling.
Finally,
innovative
directions
application
prospects
explored
integrating
artificial
intelligence
technology,
multi‐scale
modeling,
genetic
improvement,
biomimetics.
These
advances
will
pave
new
paths
innovation
practical
applications
biomechanics.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
197(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Abstract
Plant
cell
walls
are
highly
dynamic,
complex
structures
composed
of
multiple
biopolymers
that
form
a
scaffold
surrounding
the
plant
cell.
A
nanoscale
understanding
their
architecture,
mechanical
properties,
and
formation/degradation
dynamics
is
crucial
for
revealing
structure–function
relationships,
mechanisms
shape
formation,
development.
Although
imaging
techniques
have
been
extensively
used
in
recent
decades
to
reveal
structural
organization
chemical
compositions
walls,
observing
detailed
native
architecture
identifying
physicochemical
properties
remains
challenging.
Atomic
force
microscopy
(AFM)
powerful
tool
simultaneously
characterizing
morphology,
nanomechanical
single-molecule
interactions,
surface
potentials
living
biological
systems.
However,
studies
employing
AFM
investigate
relatively
scarce.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
latest
advancements
situ
multidimensional
structure
wall,
measuring
tissues
or
single
cells,
specific
recognition
wall-related
enzymes-polysaccharides,
detecting
Kelvin
potential
walls.
We
emphasize
fundamental
challenges
review
applications
state-of-the-art
AFM-based
infrared/Raman
spectroscopy
toward
answering
open
questions
biology.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
197(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Modeling
has
been
used
to
explore
various
aspects
of
primary
root
development
and
growth
in
Arabidopsis
thaliana,
thanks
enormous
advances
the
genetic
biochemical
bases
cell
division,
differentiation,
and,
more
recently,
progress
measuring
these
processes.
facilitated
characterization
regulations
involved
processes
system
properties
that
they
confer.
Recently,
mechanical-physical
have
started
be
determined
with
help
modeling.
Here
we
review
recent
modeling
approaches
examine
growth,
from
transcriptional
signaling
regulation
decisions
mechanical
basis
morphogenesis,
highlight
common
features
future
challenges.
