Two-dimensional fully ferroelectric-gated hybrid computing-in-memory hardware for high-precision and energy-efficient dynamic tracking

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(36)

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Computing in memory (CIM) breaks the conventional von Neumann bottleneck through situ processing. Monolithic integration of digital and analog CIM hardware, ensuring both high precision energy efficiency, provides a sustainable paradigm for increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence (AI) applications but remains challenging. Here, we propose complementary metal-oxide semiconductor–compatible ferroelectric hybrid platform that consists Boolean logic triggers processing multistage cell arrays computation. The basic ferroelectric-gated units are assembled with solution-processable two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide atomic-thin channels at wafer-scale yield 96.36%, delivering on/off ratios (>10 7 ), endurance 12 long retention time years), ultralow cycle-to-cycle/device-to-device variations (~0.3%/~0.5%). Last, customize highly compact 2D system dynamic tracking, achieving accuracy 99.8% 263-fold improvement power efficiency compared to graphics units. These results demonstrate potential fully hardware developing versatile blocks AI tasks.

Language: Английский

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Programmable integrated photonic coherent matrix: Principle, configuring, and applications

Applied Physics Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Every multi-input multi-output linear optical system can be deemed as a matrix multiplier that carries out desired transformation on the input information, such imaging, modulation, and computing. The strong programmability of has been explored proved to able bring more flexibility greater possibilities applications signal processing general digital analog Furthermore, burgeoning integrated photonics with advanced manufacturing light manipulating technology pave way for large-scale reconfigurable photonic coherent matrix. This paper reviews programmable in platform. First, theoretical basis optimizing methods three types (Mach–Zehnder interferometer mesh, multi-plane diffraction, crossbar array) are introduced. Next, we overview configuring method this their processing, neural network, logic operation, recurrent acceleration, quantum computing comprehensively reviewed. Finally, challenges opportunities discussed.

Language: Английский

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Asymmetrical estimator for training encapsulated deep photonic neural networks

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

Abstract Photonic neural networks (PNNs) are fast in-propagation and high bandwidth paradigms that aim to popularize reproducible NN acceleration with higher efficiency lower cost. However, the training of PNN is known be challenging, where device-to-device system-to-system variations create imperfect knowledge PNN. Despite backpropagation (BP)-based algorithms being industry standard for their robustness, generality, gradient convergence digital training, existing PNN-BP methods rely heavily on accurate intermediate state extraction or extensive computational resources deep PNNs (DPNNs). The truncated photonic signal propagation computation overhead bottleneck DPNN’s operation increase system construction Here, we introduce asymmetrical (AsyT) method, tailored encapsulated DPNNs, preserved in analogue domain entire structure. AsyT offers a lightweight solution DPNNs minimum readouts, energy-efficient operation, footprint. AsyT’s ease error tolerance, generality promote widened operational scenario despite fabrication controls. We demonstrated DPNN integrated chips, repeatably enhancing performance from in-silico BP different network structures datasets.

Language: Английский

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Measuring, processing, and generating partially coherent light with self-configuring optics

Light Science & Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Physical neural networks with self-learning capabilities

Science China Physics Mechanics and Astronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(8)

Published: July 22, 2024

Physical neural networks are artificial that mimic synapses and neurons using physical systems or materials. These harness the distinctive characteristics of to carry out computations effectively, potentially surpassing constraints conventional digital networks. A recent advancement known as ``physical self-learning'' aims achieve learning through intrinsic processes rather than relying on external computations. This article offers a comprehensive review progress made in implementing self-learning across various systems. Prevailing strategies discussed contribute realization self-learning. Despite challenges understanding fundamental mechanism learning, this work highlights towards constructing intelligent hardware from ground up, incorporating embedded self-organizing self-adaptive dynamics

Language: Английский

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Mechanical Neural Networks with Explicit and Robust Neurons

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(33)

Published: June 19, 2024

Mechanical computing provides an information processing method to realize sensing-analyzing-actuation integrated mechanical intelligence and, when combined with neural networks, can be more efficient for data-rich cognitive tasks. The requirement of solving implicit and usually nonlinear equilibrium equations motion in training networks makes computation challenging costly. Here, explicit neuron is developed which the response directly determined without need equations. A proposed ensure robustness neuron, i.e., insensitivity defects perturbations. explicitness neurons facilitate assembly various network structures. Two exemplified a robust convolutional recurrent long short-term memory capabilities associative learning, are experimentally demonstrated. introduction streamlines design fulfilling robotic matter level intelligence.

Language: Английский

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Photonic probabilistic machine learning using quantum vacuum noise

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

Probabilistic machine learning utilizes controllable sources of randomness to encode uncertainty and enable statistical modeling. Harnessing the pure quantum vacuum noise, which stems from fluctuating electromagnetic fields, has shown promise for high speed energy-efficient stochastic photonic elements. Nevertheless, computing hardware can control these elements program probabilistic algorithms been limited. Here, we implement a computer consisting element - neuron (PPN). Our PPN is implemented in bistable optical parametric oscillator (OPO) with vacuum-level injected bias fields. We then measurement-and-feedback loop time-multiplexed PPNs electronic processors (FPGA or GPU) solve certain tasks. showcase inference image generation MNIST-handwritten digits, are representative examples discriminative generative models. In both implementations, noise used as random seed classification samples. addition, propose path towards an all-optical platform, estimated sampling rate ~1 Gbps energy consumption ~5 fJ/MAC. work paves way scalable, ultrafast, hardware.

Language: Английский

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光计算和光电智能计算研究进展

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(18), P. 1800001 - 1800001

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

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A deep neural network model for parameter identification in deep drawing metal forming process

Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 133, P. 380 - 394

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Annealing-inspired training of an optical neural network with ternary weights

Communications Physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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