Natural and Human Disturbances Have Non‐Linear Effects on Whole‐Ecosystem Carbon Storage in an African Savanna DOI Creative Commons
Liana Kindermann, Alexandra Sandhage‐Hofmann, Wulf Amelung

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Uncertainties in carbon storage estimates for disturbance-prone dryland ecosystems hinder accurate assessments of their contribution to the global budget. This study examines effects land-use change on an African savanna landscape, focusing two major pathways: agricultural intensification and wildlife conservation, both which alter disturbance regimes. By adapting tree inventory soil sampling methods conditions, we quantified aboveground belowground woody vegetation (AGC BGC) organic (SOC) across these pathways types (scrub woodland savanna). We used Generalized Additive Mixed Models assess multiple environmental drivers AGC whole-ecosystem (Ctotal). Our findings revealed a pronounced variation vulnerability reservoirs disturbance, depending pathway type. In scrub vegetation, shrub emerged as most vulnerable reservoir, declining average by 56% along conservation 90% compared low-disturbance sites. savanna, was affected, decreasing 95% pathway. Unexpectedly, SOC stocks were often higher at greater levels, particularly under intensification, likely due preferential conversion naturally carbon-richer soils agriculture redistribution through megaherbivore browsing. Strong unimodal relationships between agents, such browsing woodcutting, Ctotal suggest that intermediate levels can enhance ecosystem-level ecosystems. These underline importance locally tailored management strategies-such certification schemes-that reconcile regimes drylands with sequestration goals. Moreover, potential trade-offs objectives goals must be considered.

Language: Английский

Unintended consequences of planting native and non‐native trees in treeless ecosystems to mitigate climate change DOI
Jaime Moyano, Romina D. Dimarco, Juan Paritsis

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(11), P. 2480 - 2491

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Naturally treeless ecosystems are being replaced by native and non‐native trees worldwide, often through deliberate afforestation using forestry tree species. By introducing species having novel traits, such as relatively rapid growth, many efforts also produce numerous changes in ecosystems, at the landscape scale. Trees considered critical for climate change mitigation; indeed, current carbon sequestration strategies rely on trees. Planting or allowing to naturally colonize range expansions can be seen an ideal way increase atmospheric capture. For example, a snapshot approach may show that into enhances aboveground accumulation of carbon, helping ecosystem storage. However, considering other impacts reductions soil albedo increased fire severity (through increases fuel loads connectivity) reduces effectiveness amelioration. Additional negative likely, reduction biodiversity productivity, substantial water yield losses, nutrient cycles, which exacerbate global drivers. Further, invasions originating from these impacts. Synthesis . This review highlights positive planting strategy mitigate idiosyncratic, depending location where introduced, time period allowed grow, risks spread associated with specific Although potentially tool fight change, greater consideration their is required minimize unexpected consequences efforts.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Inventory of wood specific gravity for Indian forests. DOI Creative Commons
Pranab Kumar Pati, Priya Kaushik, Mohammed Latif Khan

et al.

Trees Forests and People, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100775 - 100775

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Tree Diversity Increases Carbon Stocks and Fluxes Above—But Not Belowground in a Tropical Forest Experiment DOI Creative Commons
Florian Schnabel, Joannès Guillemot, Kathryn E. Barry

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT International commitments advocate large‐scale forest restoration as a nature‐based solution to climate change mitigation through carbon (C) sequestration. Mounting evidence suggests that mixed compared monospecific planted forests may sequester more C, exhibit lower susceptibility extremes and offer broader range of ecosystem services. However, experimental studies comprehensively examining the control tree diversity on multiple C stocks fluxes above‐ belowground are lacking. To address this gap, we leverage data from Sardinilla experiment in Panama, oldest tropical experiment, which features gradient one‐, two‐, three‐ five‐species mixtures native species. Over 16 years, measured fluxes, ranging aboveground over leaf litter production, soil organic (SOC). We show significantly increased with 57% higher gain monocultures (35.7 ± 1.8 vs. 22.8 3.4 Mg ha −1 ) years after planting. In contrast, observed net reduction SOC (on average −11.2 1.1 across levels) no significant difference 3 (the predominantly tree‐derived, i.e., plant‐derived fraction) between (13.0 0.9 15.1 1.3 ). Positive effects persisted despite repeated strengthened time for growth. Structural equation models showed growth enhanced coarse woody debris soil, resulting tightly linked cycle aboveground. did not observe links fluxes. Our study elucidates mechanisms bolsters potential restoration. Restoration schemes should prioritize forests.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Unveiling global narratives of restoration policy: Big data insights into competing framings and implications DOI Creative Commons
Ida N. S. Djenontin, Harry W. Fischer, Junjun Yin

et al.

Geoforum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 104241 - 104241

Published: March 5, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A Social‐Ecological Framework to Enhance Sustainable Reforestation Under Geological Constraints DOI Creative Commons
Yuemin Yue, Lu Wang, Martin Brandt

et al.

Earth s Future, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract South China Karst faces the challenge of balancing ecological conservation and regional development, a task made more intricate by geological limitations carbonate formations. Large‐scale restoration initiatives have mitigated rocky desertification positioned as global hotspot for vegetation regrowth over past two decades. However, challenges stemming from constraints oversights in recognizing synergies within social‐ecological systems remain. Here, we propose framework that integrates extended timescale both historical recent human impacts with corresponding processes forest evolution. The elucidates enduring continuous progression “forest‐deforestation‐reforestation,” offering applicability optimizing space across diverse contexts. Moreover, it serves to enhance sustainability reforestation efforts when faced constraints.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Global evaluation of current and future threats to drylands and their vertebrate biodiversity DOI Creative Commons
Amir Lewin, Gopal Murali, Shimon Rachmilevitch

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 1448 - 1458

Published: July 4, 2024

Drylands are often overlooked in broad conservation frameworks and development priorities face increasing threats from human activities. Here we evaluated the formal degree of protection global drylands, their land vertebrate biodiversity current threats, projected human-induced land-use changes to drylands under different future climate change socioeconomic scenarios. Overall, have lower protected-area coverage (12%) compared non-drylands (21%). Consequently, most dryland vertebrates including many endemic narrow-ranging species inadequately protected (0-2% range coverage). Dryland threatened by varied anthropogenic factors-including agricultural infrastructure (that is, artificial structures, surfaces, roads industrial sites). Alarmingly, 2100 experience some conversion 95-100% natural habitat due urban, alternative energy expansion. This loss undisturbed regions is expected across pathways, even optimistic scenarios characterized progressive policies moderate trends.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Mangrove restoration in China’s tidal ecosystems DOI

Xiaoguang Ouyang,

Fen Guo, Shing Yip Lee

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 385(6711), P. 836 - 836

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Beyond tree planting: Mobilizing a global production network for savanna restoration in Brazil DOI Creative Commons
Thaís Franco Montenegro, Danilo Urzedo, Isabel Belloni Schmidt

et al.

Environmental Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 101017 - 101017

Published: June 7, 2024

Emerging global production networks innovate the supply of restoration products and services to reverse degraded ecosystems globally. Yet, savanna interventions often neglect diverse plant life forms planting techniques in implementing large-scale pledges. Drawing on network analysis, we examine how configuration practices Brazil influences decision-making processes outcomes. Our assessment a case study Central reveals myriad forces affecting interconnections between institutional drivers, markets, systems for actions across multiple scales. Prevailing policies regulations disregard expertise, economic strategies, socio-cultural perspectives when setting priorities incentives. While identify different buyers influencing market demands meet mandatory or voluntary environmental compliance, wide range suppliers remakes according regional contexts. The experiences community-led material showcase collective organization that enables situated socio-technical innovations link high diversity non-tree species with livelihood This contributes revealing drivers markets assert political authority commercial objectives multifaceted decisions, while community partnerships catalyze place-based innovations.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Tree planting is no climate solution at northern high latitudes DOI
J. A. Kristensen, Laura Barbero-Palacios, Isabel C. Barrio

et al.

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 1087 - 1092

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
A year in review: environmental policy changes in 2024 DOI Creative Commons
Alice C. Hughes

Climate Change Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100093 - 100093

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0