Cells,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(8), P. 682 - 682
Published: April 15, 2024
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
plays
an
important
role
in
the
process
of
tumorigenesis,
regulating
growth,
metabolism,
proliferation,
and
invasion
cancer
cells,
as
well
contributing
to
resistance
conventional
chemoradiotherapies.
Several
types
cells
with
relatively
stable
phenotypes
have
been
identified
within
TME,
including
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs),
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
neutrophils,
natural
killer
(NK)
which
shown
modulate
cell
metastasis,
interaction
immune
system,
thus
promoting
heterogeneity.
Growing
evidence
suggests
that
tumor-cell-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
via
transfer
various
molecules
(e.g.,
RNA,
proteins,
peptides,
lipids),
play
a
pivotal
transformation
normal
TME
into
their
protumorigenic
counterparts.
This
review
article
focuses
on
functions
EVs
modulation
view
how
exosomes
contribute
importance
for
diagnosis
therapy.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(28), P. 18604 - 18621
Published: July 2, 2024
Chemo-immunotherapy
has
become
a
promising
strategy
for
cancer
treatment.
However,
the
inability
of
drugs
to
penetrate
deeply
into
tumor
and
form
potent
vaccines
in
vivo
severely
restricts
antitumor
effect
chemo-immunotherapy.
In
this
work,
an
injectable
sodium
alginate
platform
is
reported
promote
penetration
chemotherapeutic
doxorubicin
(DOX)
delivery
personalized
vaccines.
The
multifunctional
cross-links
rapidly
presence
physiological
concentrations
Ca2+,
forming
hydrogel
that
acts
as
drug
depot
releases
loaded
hyaluronidase
(HAase),
DOX,
micelles
(IP-NPs)
slowly
sustainedly.
By
degrading
hyaluronic
acid
(HA)
overexpressed
tissue,
HAase
can
make
tissue
"loose"
favor
other
components
deeply.
DOX
induces
immunogenic
cell
death
(ICD)
produces
tumor-associated
antigens
(TAAs),
which
could
be
effectively
captured
by
polyethylenimine
(PEI)
coated
IP-NPs
efficaciously
facilitate
maturation
dendritic
cells
(DCs)
activation
T
lymphocytes,
thus
producing
long-term
immune
memory.
Imiquimod
(IMQ)
core
further
activate
system
trigger
more
robust
effect.
Hence,
research
proposes
effective
treatment
colorectal
cancer.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
8(47)
Published: Nov. 23, 2022
Cancer
vaccines
have
attracted
widespread
interest
in
tumor
therapy
because
of
the
potential
to
induce
an
effective
antitumor
immune
response.
However,
many
challenges
including
weak
immunogenicity,
off-target
effects,
and
immunosuppressive
microenvironments
prevented
their
broad
clinical
translation.
To
overcome
these
difficulties,
delivery
systems
been
designed
for
cancer
vaccines.
As
carriers
vaccine
systems,
hydrogels
gained
substantial
attention
they
can
encapsulate
a
variety
antigens/immunomodulators
protect
them
from
degradation.
This
enables
simultaneously
reverse
immunosuppression
stimulate
Meanwhile,
controlled
release
properties
allow
precise
temporal
spatial
loads
situ
further
enhance
response
Therefore,
this
review
summarizes
classification
vaccines,
highlights
strategies
hydrogel-based
provides
some
insights
into
future
development
Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
42(5), P. 112475 - 112475
Published: May 1, 2023
Immunosuppressive
tumor
microenvironments
(TMEs)
reduce
the
effectiveness
of
immune
responses
in
cancer.
Mesenchymal
stromal
cells
(MSCs),
precursors
to
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs),
promote
progression
by
enhancing
cell
suppression
colorectal
cancer
(CRC).
Hyper-sialylation
glycans
promotes
evasion
through
binding
sialic
acids
their
receptors,
Siglecs,
expressed
on
cells,
which
results
inhibition
effector
functions.
The
role
sialylation
shaping
MSC/CAF
immunosuppression
TME
is
not
well
characterized.
In
this
study,
we
show
that
tumor-conditioned
have
increased
sialyltransferase
expression,
α2,3/6-linked
acid,
and
Siglec
ligands.
Tumor-conditioned
CAFs
induce
exhausted
immunomodulatory
CD8+
PD1+
Siglec-7+/Siglec-9+
T
phenotypes.
vivo,
targeting
reverses
cell-mediated
immunosuppression,
as
shown
infiltration
CD25
granzyme
B-expressing
draining
lymph
node.
Targeting
may
overcome
CRC
TME.
Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Jan. 20, 2023
Esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(ESCC)
is
one
of
the
fatal
malignancies
worldwide.
It
has
an
increased
propensity
to
metastasize
via
lymphogenous
routes
in
early
stage.
The
prognosis
patients
with
lymph
node
metastases
(LNM)
often
worse
than
that
without
metastases.
Although
several
factors
have
been
found
influence
metastasis,
mechanisms
preference
for
specific
metastatic
remain
poorly
understood.
Herein,
we
provide
evidence
intrinsic
hypersensitivity
tumor
cells
ferroptosis
may
proactively
drive
lymphatic
metastasis.
Serum
autoantibodies
associated
LNM
ESCC
were
screened
using
a
whole-proteome
protein
array
containing
19
394
human
recombinant
proteins,
and
anti-BACH1
autoantibody
was
first
identified.
Pan-cancer
analysis
ferroptosis-related
genes
preferential
metastasis
hematogenous
based
on
Cancer
Genome
Atlas
data
performed.
Only
BACH1
showed
significant
overexpression
tumors
whereas
it
downregulated
most
nonlymphatic
In
addition,
serum
levels
against
elevated
early-stage
LNM.
Interestingly,
induction
promoted
but
inhibited
mouse
models.
Transcriptomic
lipidomic
analyses
repressed
SCD1-mediated
biosynthesis
monounsaturated
fatty
acids,
especially
oleic
acid
(OA).
OA
significantly
attenuated
ferroptotic
phenotypes
reversed
properties
BACH1-overexpressing
cells.
addition
rescued
Importantly,
concentration
gradient
between
primary
lesions
resulted
chemoattraction
promote
invasion,
thus
facilitating
BACH1-induced
drives
BACH1-SCD1-OA
axis.
More
importantly,
this
study
confirms
double-edged
sword
tumorigenesis
progression.
clinical
application
ferroptosis-associated
agents
requires
great
caution.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
220(9)
Published: June 21, 2023
Tumor-draining
lymph
nodes
(TDLNs)
are
important
for
tumor
antigen–specific
T
cell
generation
and
effective
anticancer
immune
responses.
However,
TDLNs
often
the
primary
site
of
metastasis,
causing
suppression
worse
outcomes.
Through
cross-species
single-cell
RNA-Seq
analysis,
we
identified
features
defining
cancer
heterogeneity,
plasticity,
evasion
during
breast
progression
node
metastasis
(LNM).
A
subset
cells
in
exhibited
elevated
MHC
class
II
(MHC-II)
gene
expression
both
mice
humans.
MHC-II+
lacked
costimulatory
molecule
expression,
leading
to
regulatory
(Treg)
expansion
fewer
CD4+
effector
TDLNs.
Genetic
knockout
MHC-II
reduced
LNM
Treg
expansion,
while
overexpression
transactivator,
Ciita,
worsened
caused
excessive
expansion.
These
findings
demonstrate
that
promotes
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: July 23, 2023
Abstract
Therapeutic
tumor
vaccines
have
attracted
considerable
attention
in
the
past
decade;
they
can
induce
regression,
eradicate
minimal
residual
disease,
establish
lasting
immune
memory
and
avoid
non-specific
adverse
side
effects.
However,
challenge
field
of
therapeutic
is
ensuring
delivery
components
to
lymph
nodes
(LNs)
activate
cells.
The
clinical
response
rate
traditional
falls
short
expectations
due
inadequate
node
delivery.
With
rapid
development
nanotechnology,
a
large
number
nanoplatform-based
LN-targeting
nanovaccines
been
exploited
for
optimizing
immunotherapies.
In
addition,
some
possess
non-invasive
visualization
performance,
which
benefit
understanding
kinetics
nanovaccine
exposure
LNs.
Herein,
we
present
parameters
nanoplatforms,
such
as
size,
surface
modification,
shape,
deformability,
affect
functions
nanovaccines.
recent
advances
nanoplatforms
with
different
promoting
are
also
summarized.
Furthermore,
emerging
LNs-targeting
nanoplatform-mediated
imaging
strategies
both
improve
targeting
performance
enhance
quality
LN
discussed.
Finally,
summarize
prospects
challenges
/or
strategies,
optimize
efficacy
ACS Central Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(3), P. 666 - 675
Published: Feb. 23, 2024
The
Stimulator
of
Interferon
Genes
(STING)
pathway
is
a
promising
target
for
cancer
immunotherapy.
Despite
recent
advances,
therapies
targeting
the
STING
are
often
limited
by
routes
administration,
suboptimal
activation,
or
off-target
toxicity.
Here,
we
report
dendritic
cell
(DC)-targeted
polymeric
prodrug
platform
(polySTING)
that
designed
to
optimize
intracellular
delivery
diamidobenzimidazole
(diABZI)
small-molecule
agonist
while
minimizing
toxicity
after
parenteral
administration.
PolySTING
incorporates
mannose
ligands
as
comonomer,
which
facilitates
its
uptake
in
CD206+/mannose
receptor+
professional
antigen-presenting
cells
(APCs)
tumor
microenvironment
(TME).
conjugated
through
cathepsin
B-cleavable
valine-alanine
(VA)
linker
selective
drug
release
receptor-mediated
endocytosis.
When
administered
intravenously
tumor-bearing
mice,
polySTING
selectively
targeted
APCs
TME,
resulting
increased
cross-presenting
CD8+
DCs,
infiltrating
T
TME
well
maturation
across
multiple
DC
subtypes
tumor-draining
lymph
node
(TDLN).
Systemic
administration
slowed
growth
B16-F10
murine
melanoma
model
4T1
breast
with
an
acceptable
safety
profile.
Thus,
demonstrate
delivers
agonists
systemic
generating
efficacious
DC-driven
antitumor
immunity
minimal
side
effects.
This
new
may
offer
opportunities
combining
efficient
other
therapeutic
strategies.