A pair of promising immune checkpoints PSGL-1 and VISTA from immunotolerance to immunotherapy

Biomarker Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

---

VISTA Emerges as a Promising Target against Immune Evasion Mechanisms in Medulloblastoma

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(15), P. 2629 - 2629

Published: July 24, 2024

Background: Relapsed medulloblastoma (MB) poses a significant therapeutic challenge due to its highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have struggled mitigate this challenge, largely low T-cell infiltration and minimal PD-L1 expression. Identifying the mechanisms driving is crucial for developing more effective immunotherapies. Methods: We utilize syngeneic mouse model investigate immune microenvironment of MB compare our findings transcriptomic proteomic data from human MB. Results: Flow cytometry reveals notable presence CD45hi/CD11bhi macrophage-like CD45int/CD11bint microglia-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), alongside regulatory T-cells (Tregs), expressing high levels inhibitory molecule VISTA. Compared sham control mice, compartment significantly expands in tumor-bearing mice exhibits myeloid-specific signature composed VISTA, CD80, PD-L1, CTLA-4, MHCII, CD40, CD68. These are corroborated by analyses samples. Immunohistochemistry highlights an abundance VISTA-expressing myeloid cells clustering at tumor–cerebellar border, while scarce express FOXP3. Additionally, exhibit properties, inhibiting CD4 proliferation vitro. Identification VISTA’s binding partner, VSIG8, on cells, correlation with increased VISTA expression suggests potential target. Conclusions: This study underscores multifaceted evasion targeting VISTA–VSIG axis enhance anti-tumor responses.

Language: Английский

---

Cuproptosis-related signature predicts prognosis and indicates tumor immune infiltration in bladder cancer

Translational Andrology and Urology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 2280 - 2293

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Cuproptosis is a newly identified form of cell death that dependent on copper (Cu) ions, termed Cu-dependent cytotoxicity. This process distinct from other forms such as apoptosis, necrosis, and ferroptosis. The accumulation known to play significant role in various biological processes, including angiogenesis (the formation new blood vessels) metastasis spread cancer cells different parts the body). These processes are crucial for tumor growth progression, indicating cuproptosis-related genes (CPRGs) might be indispensable context development progression. Given this background, we aimed explore relationship between CPRGs both prognostic predictions microenvironment (TME) infiltration bladder (BLCA).

Language: Английский

---

VISTA in hematological malignancies: a review of the literature

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 17, 2024

In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has become an active research area, with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) revolutionizing immunotherapy. Clinical evidence indicates that programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies and other drugs have remarkable therapeutic effects. V-domain Ig suppressor T-cell activation (VISTA) is a new type receptor highly expressed in various tumors. It co-expressed PD-1, immunoglobulin domain, mucin domain-3 (Tim-3), immunoglobulin, immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) associated prognosis, which suggests it may be target for As no mature drugs, VISTA acute myeloid leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM), hematological malignancies; however, its pathogenic mechanism should defined to better guide treatment.

Language: Английский

---