The Impact of HIV on B Cell Compartment and Its Implications for COVID-19 Vaccinations in People with HIV DOI Creative Commons

Lixing Wang,

Branka Vulesevic,

MariaLuisa Vigano

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1372 - 1372

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

HIV causes intense polyclonal activation of B cells, resulting in increased numbers spontaneously antibody-secreting cells the circulation and hypergammaglobulinemia. It is accompanied by significant perturbations various cell subsets, such as frequencies immature/transitional activated memory atypical short-lived plasmablasts regulatory well decreased resting naïve cells. Furthermore, both antigen-inexperienced show exhausted immune-senescent phenotypes. also drives expansion functional impairment CD4+ T follicular helper which provide help to crucial for generation germinal center reactions production long-lived plasma By suppressing viral replication, anti-retroviral therapy reverses virus-induced defects, albeit inadequately. Due HIV’s lingering impact on immune senescence residual chronic inflammation, people with (PWH), especially non-responders, are immunocompromised mount suboptimal antibody responses vaccination SARS-CoV-2. Here, we review how functionally phenotypically distinct subsets induced response a vaccine an infection (ART) them. We role played HIV-induced defects induction humoral currently used anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines PWH ART. outline different strategies that could potentially enhance vaccine-induced PWH. The will guidance impetus further research improve immunogenicity these this human population.

Language: Английский

Mucosal immunity in acute HIV: a review of recent work DOI
Barbara L. Shacklett

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Purpose of review This summarizes recent research literature relevant to mucosal immunity and acute/early HIV infection. Recent findings include new insights on the transmission “bottleneck” at surfaces, impact acute germinal centers B-cell function, expression cytotoxic effector molecules by CD8 + T-cells, an enhanced understanding innate cell-mediated defenses including mucosa-associated invariant T-cells invarant natural killer cells. Summary Now more than 40 years since beginning HIV/AIDS pandemic, extensive has elucidated dynamics replication corresponding host response. However, vast majority HIV-related immunopathogenesis studies have focused adaptive immune responses in peripheral blood. Mucosal tissues serve as primary portals entry for house body's lymphocytes. Innate are particular relevance during phase disease, successful can both limit viral dissemination within prevent a host, yet until recently these were poorly understood.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Impact of HIV on B Cell Compartment and Its Implications for COVID-19 Vaccinations in People with HIV DOI Creative Commons

Lixing Wang,

Branka Vulesevic,

MariaLuisa Vigano

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1372 - 1372

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

HIV causes intense polyclonal activation of B cells, resulting in increased numbers spontaneously antibody-secreting cells the circulation and hypergammaglobulinemia. It is accompanied by significant perturbations various cell subsets, such as frequencies immature/transitional activated memory atypical short-lived plasmablasts regulatory well decreased resting naïve cells. Furthermore, both antigen-inexperienced show exhausted immune-senescent phenotypes. also drives expansion functional impairment CD4+ T follicular helper which provide help to crucial for generation germinal center reactions production long-lived plasma By suppressing viral replication, anti-retroviral therapy reverses virus-induced defects, albeit inadequately. Due HIV’s lingering impact on immune senescence residual chronic inflammation, people with (PWH), especially non-responders, are immunocompromised mount suboptimal antibody responses vaccination SARS-CoV-2. Here, we review how functionally phenotypically distinct subsets induced response a vaccine an infection (ART) them. We role played HIV-induced defects induction humoral currently used anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines PWH ART. outline different strategies that could potentially enhance vaccine-induced PWH. The will guidance impetus further research improve immunogenicity these this human population.

Language: Английский

Citations

1