Enhancing H11 Protein-Induced Immune Protection Against Haemonchus contortus in Goats: A Nano-Adjuvant Formulation Strategy DOI Creative Commons

Lisha Ye,

Simin Wu,

Fuqiang Liu

et al.

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 563 - 563

Published: May 17, 2025

The only vaccine against Haemonchus contortus is limited by short-lived antibody persistence and the need for frequent booster immunizations. This study leveraged advantages of nano-adjuvants in enhancing antigen presentation immune regulation to evaluate efficacy novel adjuvants (IMX, AddaS03) conventional QuilA combined with H11 protein. Goats were divided into four groups (IMX + H11, AddaS03 infected control). They immunized three times challenged 6000 infective third-stage larvae (iL3s) H. on day third immunization, experiment lasting 98 days. results showed that vaccination IMX conferred strongest protection, demonstrating 88.3% fecal egg count (FEC) reduction 75.8% worm burden, followed (85.2% FEC 68% burden reduction) (79.4% 61.3% reduction). Serum IgG analysis revealed high levels all groups. Cytokine detection found significantly upregulated IL-2 IFN-γ expression PBMCs TNF-α splenocytes, activating Th1-type responses memory. weaker Th1 activation, faced limitations due insufficient long-term protection. These findings suggest can induce highly efficient humoral cellular immunity, providing a new direction optimization vaccines suggesting importance precise patterns.

Language: Английский

Chiral Aluminum Oxyhydroxide Supraparticles as Adjuvants DOI
Zongda Li,

Aihua Qu,

Chuanlai Xu

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 16, 2025

Abstract Aluminum‐based adjuvants dominate global vaccine formulations owing to their proven efficacy in humoral immunity induction. However, inherent limitations activating cellular pose critical challenges for development. In this study, chiral flower‐like aluminum oxyhydroxide (AlOOH) supraparticles (SPs) are synthesized via a one‐pot hydrothermal method using cysteine (Cys) enantiomers as ligands, achieving g‐factor of 0.004. L‐AlOOH SPs (L‐SPs) demonstrate significantly greater enhancement dendritic cell (DC) maturation and antigen cross‐presentation efficiency compared D‐AlOOH (D‐SPs), indicating its potential an adjuvant. Mechanistic studies reveal that L‐SPs enter DCs Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2), thereby enhancing NOD‐like thermal protein domain associated 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. vivo experiments show generate 21.59‐fold higher OVA‐specific antibody titers than commercial adjuvants. Further L‐SPs, after mixed with H9N2 virus proteins, enhance influenza by 15.28‐fold, sustained protection, confirming translational potential. This study demonstrates the performance AlOOH simultaneously amplify immunological responses, entering it promising next‐generation adjuvant cancer immunotherapy pandemic preparedness.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Monitoring Immune Responses to Vaccination: A Focus on Single-Cell Analysis and Associated Challenges DOI Creative Commons

L. C. Montgomery,

Anis Larbi

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 420 - 420

Published: April 16, 2025

Monitoring the immune response to vaccination encompasses both significant challenges and promising opportunities for scientific advancement. The primary challenge lies in inherent complexity interindividual variability of responses, influenced by factors including age, genetic background, prior immunological history. This necessitates development sophisticated, highly sensitive assays capable accurately quantifying parameters such as antibody titers, T-cell cytokine profiles. Furthermore, temporal dynamics require comprehensive longitudinal studies elucidate durability quality vaccine-induced immunity. Challenges this magnitude pave way research advancements diagnostic methodologies. Cutting-edge monitoring techniques, high-throughput sequencing advanced flow cytometry, enable deeper insights into mechanistic underpinnings vaccine efficacy contribute iterative design more effective vaccines. Additionally, integration analytical tools holds potential predict responses tailor personalized strategies. will be addressed review provide insight enhancing public health outcomes fortifying preparedness against future infectious disease threats.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Promising future of breast cancer vaccine asking for multidisciplinary collaboration: a literature review DOI Creative Commons
Zhanyi Zhang, Mengyuan Li, Lei Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 24, 2025

Despite improved efficacy of breast cancer vaccine (BCV) made by multidisciplinary collaboration from fields such as materials science and computer science, clinical translation is still far satisfactory. Herein, we reviewed the evolution trajectory BCV summarized frontier topics challenges for achieving successful translation. Our analysis suggests that multi-omics immunoinformatics are increasingly being used to expand target repertoires, dedicated platforms facilitating precise spatiotemporal co-delivery epitopes immune modulators. has evolved towards delivery, strong properties, combined therapy. Clinical requires joint efforts experts in oncology, immunology, pharmacology, materials, science.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A QS21 + CpG-Adjuvanted Trivalent HSV-2 Vaccine and Trivalent HSV-2 mRNA Vaccine Induce a Strong Immune Response, Protect Against HSV-2 Infection, and Cross-Protect Against HSV-1 Infection in Mice DOI Creative Commons
Han Cao, Xiaolong Zhang, Jishuai Cheng

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 497 - 497

Published: May 6, 2025

Background: HSV-2 infection continues to be a significant global health concern, as there are no approved vaccines despite numerous attempts at development. Methods: This study explored the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of aluminum- or QS21 + CpG-adjuvanted trivalent mRNA vaccine incorporating gC2, gD2, gE2 antigens. Results: Our results demonstrated that subunit successfully induced robust antigen-specific humoral cellular immune responses provided protection against both HSV-1 infection. These showed remarkable efficiency in reducing viral load preventing clinical symptoms mice, highlighting their potential for application. Conversely, aluminum-adjuvanted exhibited limited effectiveness, emphasizing superiority vaccines. Conclusions: findings provide valuable insights continued development effective HSV suggest promising strategies

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exaggerated Lung Inflammation Induced by Lung-Targeted mRNA-LNP Dampens Vaccines against Tuberculosis DOI
Liyan Li, Zeyu Yang, Hong Liu

et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 16, 2025

The challenges in developing a tuberculosis (TB) vaccine stem from the complex life cycle of Mycobacterium (Mtb) and various bacterial proteins encoded by approximately 4000 genes. mRNA is easy to design can accommodate multiple antigens, suggesting that it may be an effective TB technology. Here, we designed encoding Ag85B ESAT6 was delivered lung targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNPlung-mRNAA-E), intending stimulate immunity combat TB. To enhance efficacy, further cofabricated monophosphoryl A (MPLA) with evaluate adjuvanted (LNPlung-mRNAA-E-MPLA). Both vaccines elicited robust CD4+ T cell response, resulting markedly locally higher production IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2. As anticipated, addition MPLA enhanced immunogenicity LNPlung-mRNAA-E. However, Mtb challenge experiment showed LNPlung-mRNAA-E-MPLA neither provided protection nor immune primed BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin). subsequent HE staining revealed induced pulmonary inflammation, leading tissue damage. Moreover, inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1 were significantly increased additive exacerbated process. Therefore, adjuvant synergistically inflammation weakened infection. Thus, this work provides valuable implications for vaccines: Addressing chronic systems critical lung-targeted vaccines.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Recent advances in therapeutic cancer vaccines DOI
Neeha Zaidi, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Mark Yarchoan

et al.

Nature reviews. Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 16, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Enhancing H11 Protein-Induced Immune Protection Against Haemonchus contortus in Goats: A Nano-Adjuvant Formulation Strategy DOI Creative Commons

Lisha Ye,

Simin Wu,

Fuqiang Liu

et al.

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 563 - 563

Published: May 17, 2025

The only vaccine against Haemonchus contortus is limited by short-lived antibody persistence and the need for frequent booster immunizations. This study leveraged advantages of nano-adjuvants in enhancing antigen presentation immune regulation to evaluate efficacy novel adjuvants (IMX, AddaS03) conventional QuilA combined with H11 protein. Goats were divided into four groups (IMX + H11, AddaS03 infected control). They immunized three times challenged 6000 infective third-stage larvae (iL3s) H. on day third immunization, experiment lasting 98 days. results showed that vaccination IMX conferred strongest protection, demonstrating 88.3% fecal egg count (FEC) reduction 75.8% worm burden, followed (85.2% FEC 68% burden reduction) (79.4% 61.3% reduction). Serum IgG analysis revealed high levels all groups. Cytokine detection found significantly upregulated IL-2 IFN-γ expression PBMCs TNF-α splenocytes, activating Th1-type responses memory. weaker Th1 activation, faced limitations due insufficient long-term protection. These findings suggest can induce highly efficient humoral cellular immunity, providing a new direction optimization vaccines suggesting importance precise patterns.

Language: Английский

Citations

0