Complex carbohydrates catabolism capacity of bladder microbiota inhabiting healthy and overactive female bladders

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 4, 2025

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a poorly understood symptom complex that affects 40% of females over the age 40, with clinical features including urinary urgency and incontinence. In addition to inflammation, oxidative stress, nerve damage reduced blood flow, alterations in microbiome (urobiome), specifically bacterial diversity, have been reported be associated OAB. Bladder bacteria are members urobiome along viruses, archaea, fungi, protozoans. The metabolism, particularly relationship host sugars (glycans), has investigated recently terms glycosaminoglycan (GAG) utilization. Nevertheless, other free oligosaccharides (FOS) not yet explored both OAB contexts. Similarly, comprehensive search microbial genes involved glycan metabolism adult or without reported. this study, we FOS by mass spectrometry women (asymptomatic controls), incontinence (dry OAB), (wet incontinence, UUI). We also questioned ability commensal digest these glycans, using bioinformatic tools query publicly available genomes isolated from affected unaffected identify encode polysaccharide lyases (PL) glycoside hydrolases (GH). Our results show present similar level controls few exceptions: ten were found differ between dry groups either control (four) UUI (six) groups. indicate microbiota genetic capacity glycans dietary subtle differences. possess more GH/PL for mucins, whereas GAG digestion. group, specifically, genus Streptococcus possessed PL8 GH88 enzymes, known These novel data can enable future biochemical exploration urobiome's toward specific such as GAGs, mucins O-glycans N-glycans.

Language: Английский

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Cervical function in pregnancy and disease: new insights from single-cell analysis

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 232(4), P. S81 - S94

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Hallmarks of Bacterial Vaginosis

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 1090 - 1090

Published: April 25, 2025

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is considered the most common cause of vaginal discharge, which related to several public health issues, such as an increased risk for sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, pregnancy-related problems abortion, stillbirth or premature birth, and tubal factor infertility. BV not infection but imbalance in microbiota, characterized by a substitution normal Lactobacilli flora anaerobe. Reducing resistance against infections mechanisms, including bacterial homeostasis, stabilization acid pH, inhibition pathogens adhesion polyamine degradation, production anti-inflammatory molecules, surfactants, antimicrobial substances like hydrogen peroxide, acids, bacteriocins. Approximately half women with can experience symptoms, mainly include malodor, fishy stinging sensation, pH. The treatment based primarily on promoting restoration eliminating dangerous microbiota antibiotic therapy. However, there high rate recurrence relapse. Objective: Based current literature, this review aims propose list ten hallmarks: dysbiosis, inflammation, apoptosis, pH basification, mucosal barrier integrity, pathway activation, epithelial damage, genomic instability, oxidative stress (OS), metabolic reconfiguration. Conclusions: Understanding causes pathogenicity mechanisms critical preventing improving therapeutic management patients.

Language: Английский

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A Novel Multi-strain Vaginal Synbiotic is Effective in Optimizing the Vaginal Microbiome: Results from a Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract This research letter describes the results of a clinical trial novel vaginal synbiotic comprising three L. crispatus strains and supportive nutrient complex. Results indicated that administration led to an optimal microbiome dominated by (CST I) additionally reduced abundance microbes associated with dysbiosis Candida , most common source yeast infections.

Language: Английский

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The vaginal microbiome and HIV transmission dynamics

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 234 - 240

Published: June 18, 2024

Purpose of review Among women, having a nonoptimal, highly diverse vaginal microbiome dominated by bacteria other than optimal Lactobacillus species such as L. crispatus or jensenii predicts HIV transmission. Reducing acquisition among women requires better understanding the mechanisms through which impacts transmission dynamics and how to more effectively treat intervene. Technological advancements are improving ability researchers fully characterize interacting host-bacteria mechanisms. Consequently, purpose this was summarize most innovative research on its role in past year. Recent findings Studies combining multiomics, experimental, translational approaches highlight associations nonoptimal with maladaptive alterations immune cell functioning, metabolites, host transcription, mucosal immunity, epithelial barrier integrity. While there multiple proposed increase risk, virtually zero acceptable effective treatments improve immunity. Summary Women-centered solutions modify bacterial metabolites should continue be explored mechanism reduce acquisition.

Language: Английский

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Update on the Impact of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Vaginal Mucosal Endpoints and Relevance to Sexually Transmitted Infections

Current HIV/AIDS Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 251 - 260

Published: June 21, 2023

The long-acting reversible intramuscularly-injected contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM) is widely used by cisgender women in Africa. Although DMPA-IM provides reliable contraception, potential effects on the female genital tract (FGT) mucosa have raised concern, including risk of HIV infection. This review summarises and compares evidence from observational cohort studies randomised Evidence for Contraceptive Options Outcomes (ECHO) Trial. previous found using had higher abundance bacterial vaginosis (BV)-associated bacteria, increased inflammation, cervicovaginal target cell density, epithelial barrier damage, sub-studies ECHO Trial no adverse changes vaginal microbiome, proteome, transcriptome, viral STIs, other than an increase Th17-like cells. Randomised data suggest that use does not adversely change mucosal endpoints associated with acquisition infections. These findings support safe at high acquiring HIV.

Language: Английский

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Vaginal microbiome dysbiosis as a novel noninvasive biomarker for detection of chronic endometritis in infertile women

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 167(3), P. 1034 - 1042

Published: July 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Linking Reproductive Tract Microbiota to Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapies

Journal of Reproductive Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 166, P. 104325 - 104325

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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