Gene–Diet Interactions in Diabetes Mellitus: Current Insights and the Potential of Personalized Nutrition DOI Open Access
Angeliki Kapellou,

E. Salata,

Dimitrios M. Vrachnos

et al.

Genes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 578 - 578

Published: May 14, 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remaina significant global health challenge, with its increasing prevalence and associated complications contributing to high morbidity economic burden. Genetic factors play a crucial role in T2DM susceptibility, yet individual responses dietary interventions vary widely, emphasizing the importance of gene-diet (G × D) interactions. This review synthesizes current literature on genetic basis G D interactions shaping diet. We examine genetics implication risk modulation by factors, focus potential Nutrigenetics guiding personalized nutrition (PN) strategies. Moreover, clinical implications these for prevention management are explored, highlighting promise tailoring recommendations based profiles. Critical research gaps, including need diverse longitudinal studies, integration multi-omic data, inclusion digital technologies PN discussed. Finally, future directions field outlined, advocating more inclusive, large-scale studies optimize approaches populations improve efficacy management. underscores an individualized, genetically informed approach modulating burden T2DM.

Language: Английский

Proteomic aging clock (PAC) predicts age‐related outcomes in middle‐aged and older adults DOI Creative Commons
Chia‐Ling Kuo,

Zhiduo Chen,

Peiran Liu

et al.

Aging Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(8)

Published: May 15, 2024

Abstract Beyond mere prognostication, optimal biomarkers of aging provide insights into qualitative and quantitative features biological might, therefore, offer useful information for the testing and, ultimately, clinical use gerotherapeutics. We aimed to develop a proteomic clock (PAC) all‐cause mortality risk as proxy age. Data were from UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project, including 53,021 participants aged between 39 70 years 2923 plasma proteins assessed using Olink Explore 3072 assay®. 10.9% died during mean follow‐up 13.3 years, with age at death 70.1 years. The Spearman correlation PAC chronological was 0.77. showed robust age‐adjusted associations predictions onset various diseases in general disease‐free participants. associated deviation enriched several processes related hallmarks aging. Our results expand previous findings by showing that acceleration, based on PAC, strongly predicts incident disease outcomes. Particularly, it facilitates evaluation multiple conditions population, thereby, contributing prevention initial diseases, which vary among individuals may subsequently lead additional comorbidities.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Use of AI in Cardiac CT and MRI: A Scientific Statement from the ESCR, EuSoMII, NASCI, SCCT, SCMR, SIIM, and RSNA DOI
Domenico Mastrodicasa, Marly van Assen, Merel Huisman

et al.

Radiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 314(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising solutions for many steps of the cardiac imaging workflow, from patient and test selection through image acquisition, reconstruction, interpretation, extending to prognostication reporting. Despite development AI algorithms, tools are at various stages face challenges clinical implementation. This scientific statement, endorsed by several societies in field, provides an overview current landscape applications CT MRI. Each section is organized into questions statements that address key including ethical, legal, environmental sustainability considerations. A technology readiness level range 1 9 summarizes maturity reflects progression preliminary research document aims bridge gap between burgeoning developments limited

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Variables associated with cognitive function: an exposome-wide and mendelian randomization analysis DOI Creative Commons
Yongli Zhao, Yizhe Hao,

Yi‐Jun Ge

et al.

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Evidence indicates that cognitive function is influenced by potential environmental factors. We aimed to determine the variables influencing function. Our study included 164,463 non-demented adults (89,644 [54.51%] female; mean [SD] age, 56.69 [8.14] years) from UK Biobank who completed four assessments at baseline. 364 were finally extracted for analysis through a rigorous screening process. performed univariate analyses identify significantly associated with each in two equal-sized split discovery and replication datasets. Subsequently, identified further assessed multivariable model. Additionally, model, we explored associations longitudinal decline. Moreover, one- two- sample Mendelian randomization (MR) conducted confirm genetic associations. Finally, quality of pooled evidence between was evaluated. 252 (69%) exhibited significant least one dataset. Of these, 231 (92%) successfully replicated. our 41 function, spanning categories such as education, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, body measurements, mental health, medical conditions, early life household characteristics. Among these variables, 12 more than domain, all subgroup analyses. And LASSO, rigde, principal component indicated robustness primary results. among Furthermore, 22 supported one-sample MR analysis, 5 confirmed two-sample analysis. 10 rated high. Based on adopting favorable 38% 34% decreased risks dementia Alzheimer's disease (AD). Overall, constructed an database which could contribute prevention impairment dementia.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Proteomic signatures of type 2 diabetes predict the incidence of coronary heart disease DOI Creative Commons
Yujian Li, Dun Li, Jing Lin

et al.

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 14, 2025

Emerging evidence reveals a complex association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary heart disease (CHD), which share common risk factors biological pathways. This study aims to identify the shared proteomic signatures of T2D CHD, as well whether proteins predict incident CHD in patients, develop predictive models. Utilizing data from 53,014 UK Biobank participants 2923 plasma proteins, we identified 488 associated with T2D, 125 were also CHD. Among determine nine showing causal associations including PCSK9, NRP1, CD27. Mediation analyses suggest that mediate By integrating these into our model, achieved desirable prediction (AUC = 0.819) for future onset patients. Additionally, druggability evaluation show 32 potential therapeutic agents, established antihypertensives novel compounds, suggesting avenues dual-targeted treatment strategies. Collectively, findings unveil both providing implications screening predicting

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Association of Accelerometer‐Derived Physical Activity Pattern With the Risks of All‐Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Death DOI Creative Commons

Dan‐Qing Liao,

Hong‐Min Li, Hao‐Jie Chen

et al.

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

Background Current guidelines suggest engaging in a minimum of 150 minutes moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) each week support overall health. However, the effect concentrated versus evenly distributed (PA) on health outcomes remains uncertain. This study aims investigate associations “weekend warrior” pattern, where most MVPA is completed 1 2 days, and more spread pattern with mortality risk. Methods Data from UK Biobank were used, participants having full device‐measured PA data 2013 2015. Three patterns defined: inactive, active weekend warrior, regular. The relationships between risk investigated using Cox proportional hazards model. Results During an 8.1‐year median follow‐up, 3965 adults died all causes, including 667 cardiovascular disease 1780 cancer. Both warrior group (all‐cause death: hazard ratio [HR], 0.68 [95% CI, 0.64–0.74]; HR, 0.69 0.58–0.83]; cancer 0.79 0.71–0.89]) regular 0.74 0.68–0.81]; 0.76 0.61–0.94]; 0.87 0.76–0.99]) demonstrated lower compared inactive after following recommended per week. Furthermore, there was no discernible difference group. Conclusions Engaging within days related similar reduction as activity. Our findings are particularly significant for individuals who find it challenging engage due time constraints.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Modifiable lifestyle factors and the risk of post-COVID-19 multisystem sequelae, hospitalization, and death DOI Creative Commons
Yunhe Wang, Binbin Su,

Marta Alcalde-Herraiz

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract Effective prevention strategies for post-COVID complications are crucial patients, clinicians, and policy makers to mitigate their cumulative burden. This study evaluated the association of modifiable lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol intake, BMI, physical activity, sedentary time, sleep duration, dietary habits) with COVID-19 multisystem sequelae, death, hospitalization in UK Biobank cohort ( n = 68,896). A favorable (6-10 healthy factors; 46.4%) was associated a 36% lower risk sequelae (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.58-0.69; ARR at 210 days, 7.08%; 5.98-8.09) compared an unfavorable (0-4 12.3%). Risk reductions spanned all 10 organ systems, including cardiovascular, coagulation, metabolic, gastrointestinal, kidney, mental health, musculoskeletal, respiratory disorders, fatigue. beneficial effect largely attributable direct impacts independent corresponding pre-infection comorbidities (71% any sequelae). also related death (HR 0.59, 0.52-0.66) 0.78, 0.73-0.84). These associations persisted across acute post-acute infection phases, irrespective status, vaccination, or SARS-CoV-2 variant. findings underscore clinical public health importance adhering mitigating long-term adverse enhancing future pandemic preparedness.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Efficient storage and regression computation for population-scale genome sequencing studies DOI Creative Commons
Manuel A. Rivas, Christopher Chang

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2024

In the era of big data in human genetics, large-scale biobanks aggregating genetic from diverse populations have emerged as important for advancing our understanding health and disease. However, computational storage demands whole genome sequencing (WGS) studies pose significant challenges, especially researchers underfunded institutions or developing countries, creating a disparity research capabilities. We introduce new approaches that significantly enhance efficiency reduce requirements WGS studies. By algorithms compressed data, focusing particularly on optimizing representation rare variants, designing regression methods tailored scale complexity we lower costs. integrate approach into PLINK 2.0. The implementation demonstrates considerable reductions space time without compromising analytical accuracy, evidenced by application to AllofUs project data. optimized runtime an exome-wide association analysis involving 19.4 million variants body mass index phenotype 125,077 individuals, reducing it 695.35 minutes (approximately 11.5 hours) single machine just 1.57 using 30 GB memory 50 threads (or 8.67 with 4 threads). Additionally, extended this support multi-phenotype analyses. anticipate will enable across globe unlock potential population biobanks, accelerating pace discoveries can improve

Language: Английский

Citations

5
High-resolution functional mapping of RAD51C by saturation genome editing DOI Creative Commons

Rebeca Olvera-León,

Fang Zhang, Victoria Offord

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Pathogenic variants in RAD51C confer an elevated risk of breast and ovarian cancer, while individuals homozygous for specific alleles may develop Fanconi anemia. Using saturation genome editing (SGE), we functionally assess 9,188 unique variants, including >99.5% all possible coding sequence single-nucleotide alterations. By computing changes variant abundance Gaussian mixture modeling (GMM), classify 3,094 to be disruptive use clinical truth sets reveal accuracy/concordance classification >99.9%. Cell fitness was the primary assay readout allowing us observe a phenomenon where missense exhibit distinct depletion kinetics potentially suggesting that they represent hypomorphic alleles. We further explored our exhaustive functional map, revealing critical residues on structure resolving found cancer-segregating kindred. Furthermore, through interrogation UK Biobank large multi-center cancer cohort, find significant associations between SGE-depleted diagnoses.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Associations of plasma omega‐6 and omega‐3 fatty acids with overall and 19 site‐specific cancers: A population‐based cohort study in UK Biobank DOI Creative Commons
Yuchen Zhang, Yitang Sun, Suhang Song

et al.

International Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Abstract Previous epidemiological studies on the associations between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and cancer incidence have been inconsistent. We investigated of plasma omega‐3 omega‐6 PUFAs with overall 19 site‐specific cancers in a large prospective cohort. 253,138 eligible UK Biobank participants were included our study. With mean follow‐up 12.9 years, 29,838 diagnosed cancer. The levels expressed as percentages total (omega‐3% omega‐6%). In main models, both omega‐6% omega‐3% inversely associated (HR per SD = 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–0.99; HR 0.99, 0.97–1.00; respectively). Of available, 14 five omega‐3%, all indicating inverse associations, exception that prostate was positively 1.03, 1.01–1.05). Our population‐based cohort study indicates small most cancers, although there are notable exceptions, such

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Passive sensing at scale to transform understanding of poor mental health DOI
Aiden Doherty, Sandra Bucci, Alex Kenny

et al.

The Lancet Digital Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. e172 - e174

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0