Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

17β-estradiol (E2) is one of the strongest environmental estrogens threatening wildlife and human health globally. Microbial degradation an alternative strategy to remediate E2-contaminated sites may be regulated by ubiquitous Fe(III) in eco-environments. We have previously obtained a high-efficiency E2 degrader, Novosphingobium sp. ES2–1, investigated its metabolic pathway connection with monooxygenase EstO1-induced ring-B opening; however, molecular mechanisms ring-A cleavage are sorely lacking, especially under Fe(III)-aided regulation. Here, extradiol dioxygenase EstN1 from strain ES2–1 involved was reported. It catalyzed 4,5-seco reaction 4-hydroxyestrone (4-OH-E1, key E2-oxidized intermediate) support electron transport chain consisting ferredoxin EstN2 reductase EstN3, resulting meta-cleaved product. Interestingly, Fe(III)-assisted consolidated opening rings A B reinforcing expression estO1 estN1 genes, consequently enhancing metabolism. Compared starvation, biodegradation half-life sharply reduced 1.35 0.59 d after supplementation. Simultaneously, transcription genes increased clearly 4.3 47.5 times 6.6 246.8 induction, respectively, accompanied remarkable improvement abundance ring-A/B products their pyridine derivatives. These findings highlight significance regulating microbial remediation at level.

Language: Английский