Phylosymbiosis: Relationships and Functional Effects of Microbial Communities across Host Evolutionary History

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. e2000225 - e2000225

Published: Nov. 18, 2016

Phylosymbiosis was recently proposed to describe the eco-evolutionary pattern, whereby ecological relatedness of host-associated microbial communities parallels phylogeny related host species. Here, we test prevalence phylosymbiosis and its functional significance under highly controlled conditions by characterizing microbiota 24 animal species from four different groups (Peromyscus deer mice, Drosophila flies, mosquitoes, Nasonia wasps), reevaluate phylosymbiotic relationships seven wild hominids. We demonstrate three key findings. First, intraspecific variation is consistently less than interspecific variation, microbiota-based models predict origin with high accuracy across dataset. Interestingly, age clade divergence positively associates degree community distinguishability between within clades, spanning recent speciation events (~1 million y ago) more distantly genera (~108 ago). Second, topological congruence analyses each group's complete dendrogram reveal significant degrees phylosymbiosis, irrespective or taxonomy. Third, consistent selection on host-microbiota interactions driving there are survival performance reductions when transplants conducted closely divergent pairs. Overall, these findings indicate that composition effects an animal's can be allied evolution, even wide-ranging timescales diverse systems reared conditions.

Language: Английский

---

Dynamic microbiome evolution in social bees

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 3(3)

Published: March 3, 2017

The highly social (eusocial) corbiculate bees, comprising the honey bumble and stingless are ubiquitous insect pollinators that fulfill critical roles in ecosystem services human agriculture. Here, we conduct wide sampling across phylogeny of these bees reveal a dynamic evolutionary history behind their microbiota, marked by multiple gains losses gut associates, presence generalist as well host-specific strains, patterns diversification driven, part, host ecology (for example, colony size). Across four continents, found different species have distinct communities, largely independent geography or sympatry. Nonetheless, microbiota has shared heritage: emergence eusocial from solitary ancestors appears to coincide with acquisition five core bacterial lineages, supporting hypothesis sociality facilitates development maintenance specialized microbiomes.

Language: Английский

---

Microbes Drive Evolution of Animals and Plants: the Hologenome Concept

mBio, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7(2)

Published: April 1, 2016

The hologenome concept of evolution postulates that the holobiont (host plus symbionts) with its genome microbiome) is a level selection in evolution. Multicellular organisms can no longer be considered individuals by classical definitions term. Every natural animal and plant consisting host diverse symbiotic microbes viruses. Microbial symbionts transmitted from parent to offspring variety methods, including via cytoplasmic inheritance, coprophagy, direct contact during after birth, environment. A large number studies have demonstrated these contribute anatomy, physiology, development, innate adaptive immunity, behavior finally also genetic variation origin species. Acquisition microbial genes powerful mechanism for driving complexity. Evolution proceeds both cooperation competition, working parallel.

Language: Английский

---

The hologenome concept of evolution after 10 years

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: April 25, 2018

The holobiont (host with its endocellular and extracellular microbiome) can function as a distinct biological entity, an additional organismal level to the ones previously considered, on which natural selection operates. whole: anatomically, metabolically, immunologically, developmentally, during evolution. Consideration of hologenome independent in evolution has led better understanding underappreciated modes genetic variation is comprised two complimentary parts: host microbiome genomes. Changes either genome result variations that be selected for or against. highly conserved, changes within it occur slowly, whereas dynamic change rapidly response environment by increasing reducing particular microbes, acquisition novel horizontal gene transfer, mutation. Recent experiments showing microbiota play initial role speciation have been suggested mode enhancing Some transferred offspring variety mechanisms. Strain-specific DNA analysis shown at least some maintained across hundreds thousands generations, implying existence microbial core. We argue rapid could allow holobionts adapt survive under changing environmental conditions thus providing time necessary evolve. As Darwin wrote, "It not strongest species survives but most adaptable".

Language: Английский

---

The Gut Microbiota of Termites: Digesting the Diversity in the Light of Ecology and Evolution

Annual Review of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 69(1), P. 145 - 166

Published: July 21, 2015

Termite guts harbor a dense and diverse microbiota that is essential for symbiotic digestion. The major players in lower termites are unique lineages of cellulolytic flagellates, whereas higher only bacteria archaea. functions the mostly uncultivated their distribution different diet groups slowly emerging. Patterns community structure match changes biology host reflect availability microbial habitats provided by wood fibers, increasing differentiation intestinal tract, which also creates new niches symbionts. Whereas communities closely related cockroaches seem to be shaped primarily selective forces microhabitat functional niche, social behavior reduces stochastic element assembly, facilitates coevolution may ultimately result cospeciation.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring the avian gut microbiota: current trends and future directions

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: July 3, 2015

Birds represent a diverse and evolutionarily successful lineage, occupying wide range of niches throughout the world. Like all vertebrates, avians harbour communities microorganisms within their guts, which collectively fulfil crucial roles in providing host with nutrition protection from pathogens. Across field avian microbiology knowledge is extremely uneven, several species accounting for an overwhelming majority microbiological investigations. These include agriculturally important birds, such as chickens turkeys, well birds evolutionary or conservation interest. In our previous study we attempted first meta-analysis gut microbiota, using 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained publicly available data sets. We have now extended analysis to explore key detail, consider microbiota context what known about other identify areas interest future study.

Language: Английский

---

Complementary symbiont contributions to plant decomposition in a fungus-farming termite

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 111(40), P. 14500 - 14505

Published: Sept. 22, 2014

Significance Old World (sub)tropical fungus-growing termites owe their massive ecological footprints to an advanced symbiosis with Termitomyces fungi. They also have abundant gut bacteria, but the complementarity roles of these symbionts remained unclear. We analyzed genomic potential for biomass decomposition in a farming termite, its fungal symbiont, and bacterial communities. found that plant conversion is mostly multistage complementary cooperation between termite farmers primarily providing compartments, foraging, nest building. A mature queen had highly reduced microbial diversity enzymes, suggesting she exclusively diet even though may been source microbes colony’s first workers soldiers.

Language: Английский

---

An introduction to phylosymbiosis

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 287(1922), P. 20192900 - 20192900

Published: March 4, 2020

Phylosymbiosis was recently formulated to support a hypothesis-driven framework for the characterization of new, cross-system trend in host-associated microbiomes. Defining phylosymbiosis as ‘microbial community relationships that recapitulate phylogeny their host’, we review relevant literature and data last decade, emphasizing frequently used methods regular patterns observed analyses. Quantitative is provided by statistical evaluating higher microbiome variation between host species than within species, topological similarities dendrogram, positive association genetic beta diversity. Significant degrees are prevalent, but not universal, microbiomes plants animals from terrestrial aquatic habitats. Consistent with natural selection shaping phylosymbiosis, transplant experiments demonstrate reduced performance and/or fitness upon host–microbiome mismatches. Hybridization can also disrupt phylosymbiotic cause hybrid pathologies. The pervasiveness carries several important implications advancing knowledge eco-evolutionary processes impact interactions future applications precision microbiology. Important steps will be examine beyond bacterial communities, apply evolutionary modelling an increasingly sophisticated understanding unravel microbial mechanisms contribute pattern. This serves gateway experimental, conceptual quantitative themes outlines opportunities ripe investigation diversity disciplines.

Language: Английский

---

Most dominant roles of insect gut bacteria: digestion, detoxification, or essential nutrient provision?

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 16, 2020

The insect gut microbiota has been shown to contribute the host's digestion, detoxification, development, pathogen resistance, and physiology. However, there is poor information about ranking of these roles. Most results were obtained with cultivable bacteria, whereas bacterial physiology may be different between free-living midgut-colonizing bacteria. In this study, we provided both proteomic genomic evidence on roles bacteria by investigating anal droplets from a weevil, Cryptorhynchus lapathi.The lumen showed qualitatively quantitatively subsets communities. 16S rRNA sequencing that dominated Proteobacteria Bacteroidetes, are Proteobacteria. From droplets, enzymes involved in 31 basic belong 7 super identified Q-TOF MS. cooperation weevil its was determined reconstructing community pathway maps, which defined study. A score used rank data indicate most dominant role amino acid biosynthesis, followed protein energy metabolism, vitamin lipid plant secondary metabolite (PSM) degradation, carbohydrate while order PSM digestion. PCA form functional groups point view either or role, MFA variations among addition, data, analyzed HMFA method individual species, presented.The essential nutrient provisioning, digestion detoxification. plays pioneering diet mainly digests macromolecules into smaller molecules then digested

Language: Английский

---

Drastic Genome Reduction in an Herbivore’s Pectinolytic Symbiont

Cell, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 171(7), P. 1520 - 1531.e13

Published: Nov. 16, 2017

Language: Английский

---