Recent Advances in the Development of Antibiotics-Coated Gold Nanoparticles to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 124 - 124

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become an alarming threat to the successful treatment of rapidly growing bacterial infections due abuse and misuse antibiotics. Traditional antibiotics bear many limitations, including restricted bioavailability, inadequate penetration emergence antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. Recent advances in nanotechnology for introduction nanoparticles with fascinating physicochemical characteristics have been predicted as innovative means defence against diseases. The use provides several benefits, improved tissue targeting, better solubility, stability, enhanced epithelial permeability causes minimal side effects. However, except gold (AuNPs), biological safety majority metal remains a serious problem. AuNPs appear be promising drug delivery medicinal applications because their toxicity, biocompatibility, functional flexibility, chemical stability versatile activities, such antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory antimicrobial properties. Hence, we are focusing on possessing activity this article. This review will cover recent strategies preparation nanoparticles, special emphasis placed antibiotics-coated properties how they fight disease-causing bacteria eradicate biofilms, along activities

Language: Английский

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Klebsiella oxytoca inhibits Salmonella infection through multiple microbiota-context-dependent mechanisms

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 1792 - 1811

Published: June 11, 2024

The Klebsiella oxytoca species complex is part of the human microbiome, especially during infancy and childhood. K. strains can produce enterotoxins, namely, tilimycin tilivalline, while also contributing to colonization resistance (CR). relationship between these seemingly contradictory roles not well understood. Here, by coupling ex vivo assays with CRISPR-mutagenesis various mouse models, we show that provides CR against Salmonella Typhimurium. In vitro, antimicrobial activity depended on production was induced simple carbohydrates. vivo, toxin in germ-free mice, it largely toxin-independent mice residual microbiota. This linked relative levels toxin-inducing carbohydrates vivo. Finally, dulcitol utilization essential for gnotobiotic mice. Together, this demonstrates nutrient availability key both toxin-dependent substrate-driven competition Salmonella.

Language: Английский

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Genomic Analysis of Virulent, Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca from Bloodstream Infections, South Africa

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107272 - 107272

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The study investigated the resistome, virulome and mobilome of multidrug resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae oxytoca clinical isolates. A total 46 suspected species (spp.) were collected from blood cultures within uMgungundlovu District in KwaZulu-Natal Province. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined against a panel 19 antibiotics using disk diffusion test. subset 14 MDR K. (n=10) (n=4) isolates selected based on their antibiograms subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS). sequence types (STs), virulome, mobilome, capsule loci (KLs) analysed relevant WGS bioinformatics tools. Of 10 (ST) identified, most common ST25 (n=3), ST101 4 belonged ST450 (n=3). two high-risk clones ST15, ST17 identified. O K with predominance KL2, KL17, KL29, O1/O2v2, O1/O2v1, OL104 respectively. majority displayed resistance predominantly carrying β-lactamase genes, including bla convergence hypervirulence genes strains is potential concern. Carbapenemase, ESBL screening genomic surveillance are urgently required hospital environments.

Language: Английский

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Genomic Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella in Qatar: Emergence and Dissemination of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 383 Strains

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 67(7)

Published: June 13, 2023

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant, hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae is a new threat to health care. We studied the molecular epidemiology carbapenem-resistant isolates in Qatar using whole-genome sequence data. also characterized prevalence and genetic basis phenotypes established virulence potential Galleria mellonella model. Of 100 studied, NDM OXA-48 were most common carbapenemases. Core genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis indicated presence diverse types clonal lineages; belonging quasipneumoniae subsp. type 196 (ST196) ST1416 may be disseminated among several care centers. Ten K. carried rmpA and/or truncated rmpA2, 2 belonged KL2, indicating low classical isolates. Isolates carrying both carbapenem resistance hypervirulence genes confined mainly ST231 ST383 One isolate was further investigated by MinION sequencing, assembled that blaNDM located on an IncHI1B-type plasmid (pFQ61_ST383_NDM-5) which coharbored factors, including regulator mucoid phenotype (rmpA), (rmpA2), aerobactin (iucABCD iutA), likely resulting from recombination events. Comparative genomics this hybrid present two additional Qatari Carbapenem-resistant, pose emerging global due their simultaneous multidrug resistance.

Language: Английский

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Microbial community structure of plant-based meat alternatives

npj Science of Food, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: May 13, 2024

Abstract A reduction in animal-based diets has driven market demand for alternative meat products, currently raising a new generation of plant-based alternatives (PBMAs). It remains unclear whether these substitutes are short-lived trend or become established the long term. Over last few years, increasing sales and diversifying product range continued, but publication activities this field limited mainly to research food technology topics. As their popularity increases, questions emerge about safety nutritional risks novel products. Even though all examined products must be heated before consumption, consumers lack experience with type thus further into safety, is desirable. To consider issues, we 32 PBMAs from Austrian supermarkets. Based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, majority were dominated by lactic acid bacteria (either Leuconostoc Latilactobacillus ), generally had low alpha diversity. Pseudomonadota (like Pseudomonas Shewanella ) other part In addition LABs, high diversity different Bacillus , also some Enterobacteriaceae potentially pathogenic species isolated culturing approach. We assume that especially dominance heterofermentative LABs relevance stability quality potential increase shelf life The number pathogens low, they still demonstrated suitable presence.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiology and genomic analysis of Klebsiella oxytoca from a single hospital network in Australia

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Aug. 24, 2022

Infections caused by Klebsiella oxytoca are the second most common cause of infections in humans. Most studies have focused on K. outbreaks and few examined broader clinical context oxytoca.Here, we collected all isolates identified as a hospital microbiological diagnostic lab across 15-month period (n = 239). Whole genome sequencing was performed subset 92 (all invasive, third-generation cephalosporin resistant (3GCR) non-urinary > 48 h after admission), including long-read further six with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase or carbapenemase genes.The majority were sensitive to antimicrobials, however 22 3GCR, which five also carbapenem resistant. Genomic analyses showed those laboratory actually encompassed four distinct species (K. oxytoca, michiganensis, grimontii pasteurii), referred complex (KoSC). There significant diversity within population, only 10/67 multi-locus sequence types (STs) represented more than one isolate. Strain transmission rare, likely event identified. Six had extended spectrum (blaSHV-12 and/or blaCTX-M-9) (blaIMP-4) genes. One pair michiganensis pasteurii genomes carried identical blaIMP-4 IncL/M plasmids, indicative plasmid transmission.Whilst antimicrobial resistance plasmids similar found other Enterobacterales, demonstrating that KoSC has access same reservoir thus there is potential for multi-drug resistance. Further genomic required improve our understanding population facilitate investigation into attributes successful nosocomial isolates.

Language: Английский

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Identification of plastic-degrading bacteria in the human gut

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 929, P. 172775 - 172775

Published: April 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Genome Analysis of Klebsiella oxytoca Complex for Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 66(3)

Published: Jan. 10, 2022

Klebsiella oxytoca complex comprises nine closely related species causing human infections. We curated genomes labeled ( n = 14,256) in GenBank and identified 588 belonging to the complex, which were examined for precise species, sequence types, K- O-antigen virulence antimicrobial resistance genes.

Language: Английский

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Strategies to Overcome Antimicrobial Resistance in Nosocomial Infections, A Review and Update

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(6)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract: Nosocomial infections, also known as healthcare-associated are a significant global concern due to their strong association with high mortality and morbidity in both developed developing countries. These infections caused by variety of pathogens, particularly the ESKAPE group bacteria, which includes six pathogens Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp. bacteria have demonstrated noteworthy resistance different antibiotics. : Antimicrobial mechanisms can manifest various forms, including restricting drug uptake, modifying targets, inactivating drugs, active efflux, biofilm formation. Accordingly, strategies been combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. encompass development new antibiotics, utilization bacteriophages that specifically target these antimicrobial combination therapy use peptides or enzymes genomes essential proteins resistant Among promising approaches overcome antibiotic resistance, CRISPR/Cas system stands out offers many advantages. This enables precise efficient editing genetic material at specific locations genome. Functioning bacterial "adaptive immune system," recognizes, degrades, remembers foreign DNA sequences through spacer segments transcribed into CRISPR RNAs (crRNA). paper has focused on nosocomial involved hospital underlying currently employed address this issue. Special emphasis placed application technology for overcoming resistance.

Language: Английский

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Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) applicable to the monophyletic Klebsiella oxytoca species complex

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62(6)

Published: May 23, 2024

The environmental bacterium

Language: Английский

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