Wastewater surveillance for viral pathogens: A tool for public health

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(13), P. e33873 - e33873

Published: June 29, 2024

A focus on water quality has intensified globally, considering its critical role in sustaining life and ecosystems. Wastewater, reflecting societal development, profoundly impacts public health. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) emerged as a surveillance tool for detecting outbreaks early, monitoring infectious disease trends, providing real-time insights, particularly vulnerable communities. WBE aids tracking pathogens, including viruses, sewage, offering comprehensive understanding of community health lifestyle habits. With the rise global COVID-19 cases, gained prominence, aiding SARS-CoV-2 levels worldwide. Despite advancements treatment, poorly treated wastewater discharge remains threat, amplifying spread water-, sanitation-, hygiene (WaSH)-related diseases. WBE, serving complementary surveillance, is pivotal community-level viral infections. However, there untapped potential to expand surveillance. This review emphasizes importance link between health, highlighting need further integration into management.

Language: Английский

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Interpretation of indoor air surveillance for respiratory infections: a prospective longitudinal observational study in a childcare setting

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 112, P. 105512 - 105512

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Wastewater surveillance of open drains for mapping the trajectory and succession of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in 23 cities of Maharashtra State (India) during June 2022 to May 2023

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. e42534 - e42534

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The timely detection of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for controlling its spread, especially in areas vulnerable to outbreaks. However, due a lack sustainable and low cost methods, early such outbreaks impacting middle-income countries (LMICs). Leveraging Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE), we examined the dissemination evolution SARS CoV2 virus open drains across urban, suburban densely populated cities selected regions state Maharashtra, third largest India. In period from June 2022 May 2023, 44.89 % RNA were positive RT-qPCR wastewater samples collected regions. Whole genome sequencing revealed 22 distinct lineages, with Omicron variant, followed by XBB dominating, alongside other variants as BF, BQ, CH, BA.2.86, albeit lower frequencies. Wastewater surveillance provided insights into viral transmission, complementing clinical surveillance. Notably, our study detected emerging prior reporting, highlighting potential WBE detection. Findings underscore correlation between population density trend load. This also highlighted significance using low-cost, tool, LMICs, where adequate methods are lacking or difficult deploy accessibility.

Language: Английский

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A Perspective on Wastewater and Environmental Surveillance as a Public Health Tool for Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 238 - 238

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Geographical variations in infectious diseases create differences public health priorities between high- and low-income countries. Low- middle-income countries (LMICs) face resource constraints that limit adherence to international monitoring standards for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). The development of low-cost WBE programs, such as those detect SARS-CoV-2, offers LMICs a promising tool pathogens local concern. In this work, we summarize important wastewater biomarkers their associated challenges, ranging from causing gastroenteritis putative markers plant linked food safety, well antimicrobial resistance. We raise awareness the great potential highlight critical markers, research needs, strategies necessary establish tailored surveillance programs.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Surveillance in France: The SUM’EAU Network

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 281 - 281

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

Wastewater surveillance is a powerful public health tool which gained global prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes development and implementation of national wastewater network in France: SUM’EAU. Preliminary work included defining sampling strategy, evaluating/optimising analytical methods, launching call for tenders to select laboratories producing monitoring indicators. SUM’EAU was then deployed three stages: (i) pilot study, (ii) transfer activities from National Reference Laboratory four selected laboratories, (iii) extension system additional sites. Currently, monitors SARS-CoV-2 across 54 treatment plants mainland France. Once week on business days, 24 h flow-proportional composite samples are collected at plant inlets transported 5 °C (±3 °C) partner analysis. The process involves sample concentration, RNA extraction, digital RT-PCR/q-RT-PCR detect quantify presence genome wastewater. Subsequently, data transferred Santé publique France, French Public Health Agency, analysis interpretation. While has been instrumental pandemic holds significant potential broader application, securing sustainable funding its operation remains major challenge.

Language: Английский

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Subsewershed Analyses of the Impacts of Inflow and Infiltration on Viral Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance Markers Across a Rural Sewer System

Water Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 276, P. 123230 - 123230

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Enterococci, Van Gene-Carrying Enterococci, and Vancomycin Concentrations in the Influent of a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Southeast Germany

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 149 - 149

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Vancomycin-resistant (VR) Enterococcus spp. can be detected in high concentrations wastewaters and pose a risk to public health. During one-year study (September 2022–August 2023), 24 h composite raw wastewater samples (n = 192) of municipal treatment plant were investigated for cultivable enterococci. After growth on Slanetz–Bartley agar (SBA), mean concentration 29,736 ± 9919 cfu/mL was calculated. Using MALDI-TOF MS characterize randomly picked colonies 576), the most common species found faecium (72.6%), E. hirae (13.7%), faecalis (8.0%). Parallel incubation SBA VRESelect resulted rate VR enterococci 2.0 1.5%. All tested strains grown 172) carried vanA (54.6%) or vanB gene (45.4%) with limited sequence differences. In susceptibility experiments, these isolates showed high-level resistance vancomycin (>256 µg/mL). Concentration determined 93.7% 112 (mean: 123.1 64.0 ng/L) varied between below 100 ng/L (the detection limit) 246.6 ng/L. A correlation among total could not found. The combination commercial vancomycin-containing applied clinical microbiology multiplex PCR van genes is an easy-to-use tool quantify water samples.

Language: Английский

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A framework for integrating wastewater-based epidemiology and public health

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 24, 2024

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an environmental approach to monitor community health through the analysis of sewage. The COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed scientists and public professionals revisit WBE as a tool optimize resource allocation mitigate disease spread prevent outbreaks. Some studies have highlighted value programs that coordinate with professionals; however, details necessary for implementation are not well-characterized. To respond this knowledge gap, article documents framework successful program in Arizona, titled Wastewater Analysis Tactical Epidemiological Response Systems (WATERS), detailing developed structure methods communication enabled preparedness response actions. This illustrates how operations were employed reduce outbreak severity. outlined here customizable may guide other tool.

Language: Английский

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Multi-factor normalisation of viral counts from wastewater improves the detection accuracy of viral disease in the community

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 103720 - 103720

Published: June 29, 2024

The detection of viruses (e.g. SARS-CoV-2, norovirus) in wastewater represents an effective way to monitor the prevalence these pathogens circulating within community. However, accurate quantification viral concentrations wastewater, proportional human input, is constrained by a range uncertainties, including (i) dilution sewer network, (ii) degradation RNA during transit, (iii) catchment population and facility use, (iv) efficiency concentration extraction from (v) inhibition amplification RT-qPCR step. Here, we address uncertainties investigating several potential normalisation factors ammonium orthophosphate. A faecal indicator virus (crAssphage), recovery process-control (murine norovirus bacteriophage Phi6), used for quality control step, were also considered. We found that multi-factor SARS-CoV-2 data was optimal using combination crAssphage, recovery, improve prediction accuracy relative clinical test data. Using multi-normalised data, lasso regression model with random forest modelled residuals lowers error positives 46 %, compared single linear raw This approach enables more wastewater-based predictions cases up five days advance identifying trends disease before testing, demonstrates pathogen currently monitored emerging diseases.

Language: Английский

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Multiplexed Detection, Partitioning, and Persistence of Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in Wastewater

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

Wastewater surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases may provide early warning outbreaks and identify areas to target for immunization. To advance wastewater monitoring measles, mumps, rubella viruses, we developed validated a multiplexed RT-ddPCR assay the detection their RNA. Because measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is an attenuated live virus vaccine, also that distinguishes between wild-type strains measles in it using sample collected from facility with active outbreak. We evaluated partitioning behavior viruses liquid solid fractions influent wastewater. found assaying fraction resulted more sensitive despite fact viral RNA was enriched due low solids content Finally, investigated stability samples spiked over 28 days at two different concentrations temperatures (4 °C room temperature) through freeze-thaw observed limited decay. Our study supports feasibility population-level surveillance.

Language: Английский

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