Circular RNAs in Viral Infection and Antiviral Treatment DOI Creative Commons
Xin Yin, Hongjun Li,

Yan Zhou

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(23), P. 2033 - 2033

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding that lack the 5′-cap structure and 3′ poly(A) tail. Their distinguishing feature is 5′ ends covalently linked to form closed circular structure. CircRNAs have longer half-life stronger ribonuclease resistance compared with linear RNA. Viral infections lead production circRNA molecules through transcription splicing mechanisms host cells. circRNAs produced from viral genome or reactions cell gene. They participate in regulating replication many viruses, including coronaviruses, human herpesviruses, immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus. regulate infection process by modulating expression cells affect cellular biological processes. Some been proposed as diagnostic markers for infections. In this review, we discussed properties virus-derived circRNAs, functions diverse viruses-derived during infections, critical role host’s antiviral immune defense. Extensive research on applications can help us better understand gene regulatory networks disease mechanisms.

Language: Английский

m6A-modified RIOK3 activated the NF-κB-signaling pathway by CDC42, promoting the replication and proliferation of enterovirus DOI
Xiaolan Liu, Hua Wang, Maoli Yuan

et al.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 140988 - 140988

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Roles of circRNAs in viral pathogenesis DOI Creative Commons
Jiayin Liu, Yiming Wang,

Meichun Zheng

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 13, 2025

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding with covalently closed circular structure, lacking 5’-caps or 3’-poly(A) tails. They relatively conserved, highly stable, and often exhibit tissue- cell-specific production in eukaryotic cells. Based on the advances sequencing technologies bioinformatics, multiple reports have suggested that viruses other microorganisms may encode circRNA-like molecules, providing new insights into physiological pathological roles circRNAs. The innate immune system functions as body’s primary defense mechanism against viral infections. It detects pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) activates signaling pathways to suppress replication limit their spread. CircRNAs involved regulation host play essential pathogenesis. has been shown circRNAs can regulate gene expression by acting miRNA sponges protein sponges, encoding small proteins specific cases. For example, previous studies revealed participate antiviral response through competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network sponges. This review highlights research progress host- virus-encoded host-virus interactions, well potential diagnostic biomarkers therapeutic targets clinical applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Functional characterization of a novel protein-coding circular RNA, circRNA_1193, from the mAAP gene in silkworm and its role in antiviral defense against BmCPV DOI Creative Commons
Li Song,

Zeen Shen,

Hongchuan Zhao

et al.

mBio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2025

ABSTRACT A novel circular RNA, circRNA_1193, which originates from the membrane alanyl aminopeptidase-like gene in silkworms, was explored for its potential function and regulatory mechanism. We validated presence of circRNA_1193 Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV)-infected silkworm ovary cell line (BmN) cells through a combination reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Northern blotting, situ hybridization. CircRNA_1193 exhibited tissue-specific expression, being highly enriched midgut Malpighian tubules, displayed specific response to BmCPV infection, but not nucleopolyhedrovirus or lipopolysaccharide. Functional analyses revealed that overexpression suppressed replication, whereas knockdown increased viral replication. Bioinformatic internal ribosome entry sites, m6A methylation open reading frames (ORFs) within suggesting coding capacity. confirmed translation ORF by constructing DsRed reporter vector demonstrating expression transfected cells. Furthermore, mutation start codon abolished antiviral activity, highlighting crucial role translated protein, is 35 kDa designated as VSP35. our data suggest formation relies on complementary flanking sequences. These findings unveil protein-coding RNA silkworms plays critical defense. IMPORTANCE This study identified , defense against (BmCPV). demonstrated exhibits upregulated possesses activity. Importantly, we show encodes protein VSP35, essential function. provide new insights into complex mechanisms RNAs immunity underscore therapeutic targets diseases. The identification with activity B. has broader implications understanding evolution diversity host viruses.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Human and pathogen-encoded circular RNAs in viral infections: insights into functions and therapeutic opportunities DOI
Nikolaus Mueller,

Adela Dujsikova,

Amrita Singh

et al.

Human Molecular Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 30, 2025

Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as important regulatory molecules in both host and viral systems, acting microRNA sponges, protein decoys or scaffolds, templates for translation. Host-derived circRNAs increasingly recognized their roles immune responses, while virus-encoded circRNAs, especially those from DNA viruses, have been shown to modulate cellular machinery favor replication evasion. Recently, RNA were also discovered, but evidence suggests that they might be generated using a different mechanism compared the produced viruses. This review highlights recent advances our understanding of virus-derived with focus on biological contributions pathogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss potential biomarkers application therapeutic targets scaffolds RNA-based therapies. Understanding host-virus interactions offers novel insights into biology opens new avenues strategies against diseases associated cancers.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
CircMYO9A inhibits influenza A virus replication by dampening hemagglutinin cleavage via increasing SERPINE1/PAI-1 expression DOI Creative Commons
Yiqing Zheng, Xiaoting Zhang, Zhiyuan Liu

et al.

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class of widespread and diverse covalently closed circular endogenous that play critical roles in regulating gene expression mammals. However, the regulatory mechanisms circRNAs during influenza A virus (IAV) infection remain largely unexplored. In this study, we screened circRNA transcription profiles WSN-infected cells to identify involved viral replication identified novel differentially expressed RNA, circMYO9A. Mechanistically, circMYO9A acts as competing RNA (ceRNA) for SERPINE1/PAI-1 by sponging miR-6059-3p, thereby increasing expression, which restricts IAV hemagglutinin cleavage subsequently reduces infectivity progeny viruses. Importantly, our findings demonstrate significantly inhibits lungs infected mice, potentially their survival infection. These results crucial inhibiting provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies involving circRNAs.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Regulation and Function of the Atypical IκBs—Bcl‐3, IκBNS, and IκBζ—in Lymphocytes and Autoimmunity DOI Creative Commons
Tanja Kübelbeck, Nina Olivera Wichmann, Timsse Raj

et al.

European Journal of Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Signaling pathways involving NF‐κB transcription factors have essential roles in inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Classical IκB proteins, such as IκBα IκBβ, bind to via ankyrin repeats sequester the cytoplasm thus suppress activity. Unlike these constitutively expressed classical IκBs, expression of atypical IκBs Bcl‐3, NS , IκBζ is induced immune cells after recognition antigens, pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or cytokines, upon which they localize nucleus form complexes with regulators on DNA. Atypical, nuclear been proposed modulate activity a context‐dependent manner can either inhibit increase gene subset target genes. This complexity may be related function different factor bridge cofactors epigenetic modifiers. Recent research has identified novel genes that include chemokines, master lymphocyte underscoring prominent adaptive autoimmune responses. Here, we summarize our current understanding lymphocytes focus their emerging role autoimmunity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
METTL3-mediated m6A modification of circCSDE1 promote Coxsackievirus replication by regulating the miR-891b/BAG3 axis DOI
Lulu Wang, Hua Wang, Tingjun Liu

et al.

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 114905 - 114905

Published: May 22, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Circular RNAs in Viral Infection and Antiviral Treatment DOI Creative Commons
Xin Yin, Hongjun Li,

Yan Zhou

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(23), P. 2033 - 2033

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding that lack the 5′-cap structure and 3′ poly(A) tail. Their distinguishing feature is 5′ ends covalently linked to form closed circular structure. CircRNAs have longer half-life stronger ribonuclease resistance compared with linear RNA. Viral infections lead production circRNA molecules through transcription splicing mechanisms host cells. circRNAs produced from viral genome or reactions cell gene. They participate in regulating replication many viruses, including coronaviruses, human herpesviruses, immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus. regulate infection process by modulating expression cells affect cellular biological processes. Some been proposed as diagnostic markers for infections. In this review, we discussed properties virus-derived circRNAs, functions diverse viruses-derived during infections, critical role host’s antiviral immune defense. Extensive research on applications can help us better understand gene regulatory networks disease mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

0