Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 723 - 723
Published: June 18, 2024
Wound
infections
may
disrupt
the
normal
wound-healing
process.
Large
amounts
of
antibiotics
are
frequently
used
to
prevent
pathogenic
infections;
however,
this
can
lead
resistance
development.
Biomaterials
possessing
antimicrobial
properties
have
promising
applications
for
reducing
antibiotic
usage
and
promoting
wound
healing.
Silk
sericin
(SS)
has
been
increasingly
explored
skin
healing
owing
its
excellent
biocompatibility
antioxidant,
antimicrobial,
ultraviolet-resistant
properties.
In
recent
years,
SS-based
composite
biomaterials
with
a
broader
spectrum
extensively
investigated
demonstrated
favorable
efficacy
in
This
review
summarizes
various
agents,
including
metal
nanoparticles,
natural
extracts,
antibiotics,
that
incorporated
into
SS
composites
elucidates
their
mechanisms
action.
It
revealed
achieve
sustained
activity
by
slow-release-loaded
agents.
The
antimicrobial-loaded
promote
through
anti-infection,
anti-inflammation,
hemostasis,
angiogenesis,
collagen
deposition.
manufacturing
methods,
benefits,
limitations
materials
briefly
discussed.
aims
enhance
understanding
new
advances
directions
guide
future
biomedical
research.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
118(7)
Published: Feb. 11, 2021
Staphylococcus
aureus
causes
invasive
infections
and
easily
acquires
antibiotic
resistance.
Even
antibiotic-susceptible
S.
can
survive
therapy
persist,
requiring
prolonged
treatment
surgical
interventions.
These
so-called
persisters
display
an
arrested-growth
phenotype,
tolerate
high
concentrations,
are
associated
with
chronic
recurrent
infections.
To
characterize
these
persisters,
we
assessed
recovered
directly
from
a
patient
suffering
persistent
infection.
We
show
that
host-mediated
stress,
including
acidic
pH,
abscess
environment,
exposure
promoted
persister
formation
in
vitro
vivo.
Multiomics
analysis
identified
molecular
changes
response
to
acid
stress
leading
overall
virulent
population.
However,
further
of
persister-enriched
population
revealed
major
reprogramming
down-regulation
virulence
cell
division
up-regulation
ribosomal
proteins,
nucleotide-,
amino
acid-metabolic
pathways,
suggesting
their
requirement
fuel
maintain
the
phenotype
highlighting
not
completely
metabolically
inactive.
Additionally,
decreased
aconitase
activity
ATP
levels
accumulation
insoluble
proteins
involved
transcription,
translation,
energy
production
correlated
persistence
aureus,
underpinning
mechanisms
drive
phenotype.
Upon
regrowth,
regained
potential
active
reduction
exhibiting
reversible
state,
crucial
for
targeted
antipersister
combination
using
retinoid
derivatives
antibiotics
significantly
reduced
lag-phase
heterogeneity
murine
infection
model.
Our
results
provide
insights
into
help
explain
why
so
difficult
treat.
Pathogens and Disease,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
78(8)
Published: Sept. 18, 2020
ABSTRACT
The
larva
of
the
greater
wax
moth
Galleria
mellonella
is
an
increasingly
popular
model
for
assessing
virulence
bacterial
pathogens
and
effectiveness
antimicrobial
agents.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
details
components
G.
larval
immune
system
that
underpin
its
use
as
alternative
infection
model,
provide
updated
overview
state
art
research
with
models
to
study
virulence,
in
evaluation
efficacy.
Emphasis
given
studies
relevant
human
veterinary
pathogens,
especially
Escherichia
coli
bacteria
ESKAPE
group.
addition,
make
practical
recommendations
rearing
testing,
overcoming
potential
limitations
which
facilitate
intra-
interlaboratory
reproducibility.
Clinical Microbiology Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
34(2)
Published: Feb. 2, 2021
Staphylococcus
aureus
is
a
formidable
bacterial
pathogen
that
responsible
for
infections
in
humans
and
various
species
of
wild,
companion,
agricultural
animals.
The
ability
S.
to
move
between
livestock
due
specific
characteristics
this
bacterium
as
well
modern
practices.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: April 7, 2022
Atopic
dermatitis
(AD)
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
skin
disease
characterized
by
barrier
dysfunction,
dysregulated
immune
response,
and
dysbiosis
with
increased
Staphylococcus
aureus
colonization.
Infiltration
of
various
T
helper
cell
subsets
into
lesional
subsequent
cytokine
release
are
hallmark
AD.
Release
cytokines
both
cells
keratinocytes
plays
key
role
in
inflammation
drives
many
AD
features.
This
review
aims
to
discuss
cytokine-mediated
crosstalk
between
pathogenesis
the
potential
impact
virulence
factors
produced
on
these
interactions.
Toxins,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 97 - 97
Published: Jan. 25, 2022
The
present
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
prevalence,
antibiotic
susceptibility
profiles,
and
some
toxin
genes
of
Panton-Valentine
leukocidin
(PVL)-positive
Staphylococcus
aureus
(S.
aureus)
in
unpasteurized
raw
cow's
milk
collected
from
retail
outlets
located
at
Mansoura,
Dakahliya
governorate,
Egypt.
In
that
context,
a
total
700
samples
were
investigated
for
presence
S.
aureus,
which
was
identified
41.1%
(288/700)
samples.
Among
isolates,
113
PVL-positive
subjected
further
analysis.
existence
toxin-related
genes,
including
hemolysin
(hla),
toxic
shock
syndrome
toxin-1
(tst),
enterotoxins
(sea,
seb,
sec,
see,
seg,
sei,
selj).
Genotypic
resistance
strains
performed
detection
blaZ
mecA
genes.
sea,
sec
detected
44.2,
6.2%,
0.9%,
respectively,
while
hla
tst
54.9%
respectively.
successfully
84.9
(96/113)
32.7%
(37/113)
evaluated
displayed
high
level
penicillin,
ampicillin,
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Multidrug
(resistant
≥3
antimicrobial
classes)
by
all
methicillin-resistant
(MRSA)
38.2%
methicillin-sensitive
(MSSA)
isolates.
obtained
findings
are
raising
alarm
virulent
MRSA
clones
Egypt,
suggesting
requirement
limiting
use
β-lactam
drugs
food-producing
animals
importance
implementing
strong
hygiene
procedures
dairy
farms
processing
plants.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
25(1), P. 395 - 395
Published: Dec. 28, 2023
Staphylococcus
aureus
stands
as
one
of
the
most
pervasive
pathogens
given
its
morbidity
and
mortality
worldwide
due
to
roles
an
infectious
agent
that
causes
a
wide
variety
diseases
ranging
from
moderately
severe
skin
infections
fatal
pneumonia
sepsis.
S.
produces
exotoxins
serve
important
virulence
factors
in
aureus-related
food
poisoning
both
humans
animals.
For
example,
staphylococcal
enterotoxins
(SEs)
produced
by
induce
foodborne
poisoning;
toxic
shock
syndrome
toxin-1
(TSST-1),
typical
superantigen,
induces
syndrome;
hemolysins
cell
damage
erythrocytes
leukocytes;
exfoliative
toxin
scalded
syndrome.
Recently,
Panton–Valentine
leucocidin,
cytotoxin
community-associated
methicillin-resistant
(CA-MRSA),
has
been
reported,
new
types
SEs
enterotoxin-like
toxins
(SEls)
were
discovered
reported
successively.
This
review
addresses
progress
novel
insights
into
molecular
structure,
biological
activities,
pathogenicity
classic
newly
identified
aureus.
Biochemical Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
481(4), P. 245 - 263
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
Numerous
bacteria
naturally
occur
within
spatially
organised,
multicellular
communities
called
biofilms.
Moreover,
most
bacterial
infections
proceed
with
biofilm
formation,
posing
major
challenges
to
human
health.
Within
biofilms,
cells
are
embedded
in
a
primarily
self-produced
extracellular
matrix,
which
is
defining
feature
of
all
The
matrix
complex,
viscous
mixture
composed
polymeric
substances
such
as
polysaccharides,
filamentous
protein
fibres,
and
DNA.
structured
arrangement
the
bestows
beneficial
emergent
properties
that
not
displayed
by
planktonic
cells,
conferring
protection
against
physical
chemical
stresses,
including
antibiotic
treatment.
However,
lack
multi-scale
information
at
molecular
level
has
prevented
better
understanding
this
its
properties.
Here,
we
review
recent
progress
on
characterisation
components
their
three-dimensional
spatial
organisation
