Bacteria and archaea on Earth and their abundance in biofilms

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 247 - 260

Published: Feb. 13, 2019

Language: Английский

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Microbial Surface Colonization and Biofilm Development in Marine Environments

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 80(1), P. 91 - 138

Published: Dec. 24, 2015

Biotic and abiotic surfaces in marine waters are rapidly colonized by microorganisms. Surface colonization subsequent biofilm formation development provide numerous advantages to these organisms support critical ecological biogeochemical functions the changing environment. Microbial surface association also contributes deleterious effects such as biofouling, biocorrosion, persistence transmission of harmful or pathogenic microorganisms their genetic determinants. The processes mechanisms well key players among surface-associated microbiota have been studied for several decades. Accumulating evidence indicates that specific cell-surface, cell-cell, interpopulation interactions shape composition, structure, spatiotemporal dynamics, microbial communities. Several mechanisms, including (i) surface, population, community sensing signaling, (ii) intraspecies interspecies communication interaction, (iii) regulatory balance between cooperation competition, identified lifestyle. In this review, recent progress study is synthesized discussed. Major gaps our knowledge remain. We pose questions targeted investigation surface-specific community-level features, answers which would advance understanding ecology communities at levels from molecular mechanistic details through systems biological integration.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of the Levels of Bacterial Diversity in Freshwater, Intertidal Wetland, and Marine Sediments by Using Millions of Illumina Tags

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 78(23), P. 8264 - 8271

Published: Sept. 23, 2012

Sediment, a special realm in aquatic environments, has high microbial diversity. While there are numerous reports about the community marine sediment, freshwater and intertidal sediment communities have been overlooked. The present study determined millions of Illumina reads for comparison bacterial freshwater, wetland, sediments along Pearl River, China, using technically consistent approach. Our results show that both taxon richness evenness were highest medium lowest sediment. number sequences allowed determination wide variety lineages all reliable statistical analyses. Principal component analysis showed three types could be well separated from phylum to operational taxonomy unit (OTU) levels, OTUs abundant rare satisfactory resolutions. Statistical (LEfSe) demonstrated was enriched with Acidobacteria, Nitrospira, Verrucomicrobia, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria. had unique diverse primary producers (such as Chloroflexi, Bacillariophyta, Gammaproteobacteria, Epsilonproteobacteria) saprophytic microbes Actinomycetales, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes). higher abundance Gammaproteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria, which mainly involved sulfate reduction anaerobic conditions. These helpful systematic understanding natural environments.

Language: Английский

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Biochemistry and Evolution of Anaerobic Energy Metabolism in Eukaryotes

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 76(2), P. 444 - 495

Published: June 1, 2012

Major insights into the phylogenetic distribution, biochemistry, and evolutionary significance of organelles involved in ATP synthesis (energy metabolism) eukaryotes that thrive anaerobic environments for all or part their life cycles have accrued recent years. All known eukaryotic groups possess an organelle mitochondrial origin, mapping origin mitochondria to common ancestor, genome sequence data are rapidly accumulating mitochondria, hydrogenosomes, mitosomes. Here we review available biochemical on enzymes pathways use energy metabolism summarize metabolic end products they generate habitats, focusing roles play synthesis. We present maps compartmentalized 16 well-studied species. There currently no core specific any six supergroup lineages; genes one also found at least other supergroup. The gene distribution across lineages thus reflects presence eukaryote ancestor differential loss during specialization some oxic niches, just as oxphos capabilities been differentially lost anoxic niches parasitic life-style. Some facultative anaerobes retained both aerobic pathways. Diversified same synthesis, line with geochemical indicating low environmental oxygen levels while arose diversified.

Language: Английский

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Global Patterns of Bacterial Beta-Diversity in Seafloor and Seawater Ecosystems

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 6(9), P. e24570 - e24570

Published: Sept. 8, 2011

Marine microbial communities have been essential contributors to global biomass, nutrient cycling, and biodiversity since the early history of Earth, but so far their community distribution patterns remain unknown in most marine ecosystems.The synthesis 9.6 million bacterial V6-rRNA amplicons for 509 samples that span ocean's surface deep-sea floor shows pelagic benthic greatly differ, at all taxonomic levels, share <10% types defined 3% sequence similarity level. Surface deep water, coastal open ocean, anoxic oxic ecosystems host distinct reflect productivity, land influences other environmental constraints such as oxygen availability. The high variability composition specific vent reflects heterogeneity dynamic nature these habitats. Both distributions correlate with water reflecting coupling between both realms by particle export. Also, differences physical mixing may play a fundamental role bacteria, showed higher dissimilarity increasing distance than communities.This first across different World's oceans remarkable horizontal vertical large-scale communities. This opens interesting perspectives definition biogeographical biomes bacteria ocean waters seabed.

Language: Английский

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Microbial diversity in extreme environments

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 219 - 235

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Language: Английский

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Sulfate-reducing microorganisms in wetlands – fameless actors in carbon cycling and climate change

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Jan. 1, 2012

Freshwater wetlands are a major source of the greenhouse gas methane but at same time can function as carbon sink. Their response to global warming and environmental pollution is one largest unknowns in upcoming decades centuries. In this review, we highlight role sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) intertwined element cycles wetlands. Although regarded primarily methanogenic environments, biogeochemical studies have revealed previously hidden sulfur cycle that sustain rapid renewal small standing pools sulfate. Thus, dissimilatory sulfate reduction, which frequently occurs rates comparable marine surface sediments, contribute up 36–50% anaerobic mineralization these ecosystems. Since reduction thermodynamically favored relative fermentative processes methanogenesis, it effectively decreases gross production thereby mitigating flux atmosphere. However, very little known about wetland SRM. Molecular analyses using dsrAB [encoding subunit A B (bi)sulfite reductase] marker genes demonstrated members novel phylogenetic lineages, unrelated recognized SRM, dominate richness and, if tested, also abundant among dsrAB-containing microbiota. These discoveries point towards existence so far unknown SRM an important part autochthonous addition numerically dominant microorganisms, recent stable isotope probing study German peatland indicated rare biosphere might be highly active situ considerable stake reduction. The fact not well represented by described species explains their neglected actors cycling climate change.

Language: Английский

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Correlating microbial community profiles with geochemical data in highly stratified sediments from the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 109(42)

Published: Oct. 1, 2012

Microbial communities and their associated metabolic activity in marine sediments have a profound impact on global biogeochemical cycles. Their composition structure are attributed to geochemical physical factors, but finding direct correlations has remained challenge. Here we show significant statistical relationship between variation prokaryotic community within deep-sea sediments. We obtained comprehensive data from two gravity cores near the hydrothermal vent field Loki’s Castle at Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge, Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Geochemical properties rift valley exhibited strong centimeter-scale stratigraphic variability. populations were profiled by pyrosequencing 15 sediment horizons (59,364 16S rRNA gene tags), quantitatively assessed qPCR, phylogenetically analyzed. Although same taxa generally present all samples, relative abundances varied substantially among fluctuated Bacteria- Archaea-dominated communities. By independently summarizing covariance structures of abundance data, using principal components analysis, found correlation changes structure. Differences organic carbon mineralogy shaped microbial taxa. used build hypotheses about energy metabolisms, particularly Deep Sea Archaeal Group, specific Deltaproteobacteria, lineages potentially anaerobic Marine Group I Archaea. demonstrate that total can be directly correlated geochemistry these sediments, thus enhancing our understanding cycling ability predict metabolisms uncultured microbes

Language: Английский

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A Post-Genomic View of the Ecophysiology, Catabolism and Biotechnological Relevance of Sulphate-Reducing Prokaryotes

Advances in microbial physiology/Advances in Microbial Physiology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 55 - 321

Published: Jan. 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Widespread Production of Extracellular Superoxide by Heterotrophic Bacteria

Science, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 340(6137), P. 1223 - 1226

Published: May 3, 2013

Superoxide and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) originate from several natural sources profoundly influence numerous elemental cycles, including carbon trace metals. In the deep ocean, permanent absence of light precludes currently known ROS sources, yet production mysteriously occurs. Here, we show that taxonomically ecologically diverse heterotrophic bacteria aquatic terrestrial environments are a vast, unrecognized, light-independent source superoxide, perhaps derived superoxide. by model bacterium within ubiquitous Roseobacter clade involves an extracellular oxidoreductase is stimulated reduced form nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), suggesting surprising homology with eukaryotic organisms. The consequences cycling in immense aphotic zones representing key sites nutrient regeneration export must now be considered, potential control remineralization metal bioavailability.

Language: Английский

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