A review of prokaryotic populations and processes in sub-seafloor sediments, including biosphere:geosphere interactions

Marine Geology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 352, P. 409 - 425

Published: Feb. 28, 2014

A general review of the sub-seafloor biosphere is presented. This includes an update and assessment prokaryotic cell distributions within marine sediments, current deepest 1922 m, impact this on global biomass estimates. These estimates appear relatively robust to different calculation approaches our updated estimate 5.39 × 1029 cells, taking into consideration new data from very low organic matter South Pacific Gyre sediments. higher than other recent estimates, which justified as several such gas hydrate deposits oil reservoirs, can have elevated concentrations. The proposed relationship between concentrations Milankovitch Cycles in sequential diatom rich layers at some sites, demonstrates not only a dynamic deep biosphere, but also that integral part Earth System Processes over geological time scales. Cell depth vary oceanographic provinces reflected contrasting biodiversity. Despite there are clear common, prokaryotes, for Bacteria these phyla Chloroflexi, Gammaproteobacteria, Planctomycetes candidate phylum JS1, Archaea uncultivated lineages Crenarchaeota (Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group Marine Benthic B), Euryarchaeota (SAGMEG, Group-D/Thermoplasmatales associated groups) Thaumarchaeota (Marine I). In addition, spores, viruses fungi been detected, their importance yet clear. Consistent with direct demonstration active prokaryotes enriched isolated sediments reflect subset total diversity, including spore formers rarely detected DNA analyses. Activities generally (~ 10,000 times lower near-surface sediments), however, integrated activity calculations demonstrate sub-surface be responsible majority sediment (up 90%), hence, biogeochemically important. Unlike competitive metabolisms occur together metabolism per 1000 culture, below lowest known maintenance energies. this, turnover approach time-scales (100–1000s years). Prokaryotic necromass may important energy carbon source, largely produced numbers rapidly decrease. However, deposited activated temperatures increase. At thermogenic methane hydrocarbons, plus H2, acetate CO2 diffuse upwards feed base (e.g. Nankai Trough Newfoundland Margin). Temperature activation minerals result oxidation sulphides formation electron acceptors, H2 temperature 55 °C) serpentenisation water radiolysis. New mineral surface fracturing, weathering subduction etc. mechanochemically split producing both substrates (H2) oxidants (O2 H2O2) prokaryotes. biosphere:geosphere interactions sustaining globally significant biosphere.

Language: Английский

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The microbiomes of deep-sea hydrothermal vents: distributed globally, shaped locally

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 271 - 283

Published: March 13, 2019

Language: Английский

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Conceptualizing functional traits and ecological characteristics of methane‐oxidizing bacteria as life strategies

Environmental Microbiology Reports, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 335 - 345

Published: July 21, 2012

Summary Methane‐oxidizing bacteria ( MOB ) possess the ability to use methane for energy generation and growth, thereby, providing a key ecosystem service that is highly relevant regulation of global climate. subgroups have different responses environmental controls, reflecting on their functional traits. Their unique features C 1‐metabolism, lipids congruence between 16 S rRNA pmoA gene phylogeny) facilitated numerous studies, which in combination with availability cultured representatives, yield most comprehensive ecological picture any known microbial guild. Here, we focus broad (type I type II ), aim conceptualize traits observational characteristics derived primarily from these studies be interpreted as life strategies. We traits, conditions under will render selective advantage. hypothesize generally distinct strategies, enabling them predominate maintain functionality. The implicated adopted strategies are discussed, incorporated into ompetitor‐ tress tolerator‐ R uderal classification framework put forward plant communities. In this context, can broadly classified competitor‐ruderal while fit more within stress tolerator categories. Finally, provide an outlook applications by exemplifying two approaches where inferred could exploited putting context resource management.

Language: Английский

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Expansive microbial metabolic versatility and biodiversity in dynamic Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Nov. 21, 2018

Microbes in Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California) hydrothermal sediments thrive on hydrocarbons and sulfur experience steep, fluctuating temperature chemical gradients. The functional capacities communities inhabiting this dynamic habitat are largely unknown. Here, we reconstructed 551 genomes from hydrothermally influenced, nearby cold belonging to 56 phyla (40 uncultured). These comprise 22 unique lineages, including five new candidate phyla. In contrast findings hydrocarbon seeps, hydrothermal-associated more diverse archaea dominate over bacteria. Genome-based metabolic inferences provide first insights into the ecological niches these uncultured microbes, methane cycling Crenarchaeota alkane utilization ANME-1. shaped by a high biodiversity, partitioning among nitrogen pathways redundancy core carbon-processing pathways. select for distinctive microbial that stand out expansive open up physiological perspectives ecosystem function.

Language: Английский

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Ubiquitous Gammaproteobacteria dominate dark carbon fixation in coastal sediments

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1939 - 1953

Published: Feb. 12, 2016

Language: Английский

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Giant Hydrogen Sulfide Plume in the Oxygen Minimum Zone off Peru Supports Chemolithoautotrophy

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. e68661 - e68661

Published: Aug. 21, 2013

In Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems nutrient-rich waters are transported to the ocean surface, fuelling high photoautotrophic primary production. Subsequent heterotrophic decomposition of produced biomass increases oxygen-depletion at intermediate water depths, which can result in formation oxygen minimum zones (OMZ). OMZs sporadically accumulate hydrogen sulfide (H2S), is toxic most multicellular organisms and has been implicated massive fish kills. During a cruise OMZ off Peru January 2009 we found sulfidic plume continental shelf waters, covering an area >5500 km2, contained ∼2.2×104 tons H2S. This was first time that H2S measured Peruvian with ∼440 km3 largest ever reported for oceanic waters. We assessed phylogenetic functional diversity inhabiting microbial community by high-throughput sequencing DNA RNA, while its metabolic activity determined rate measurements carbon fixation nitrogen transformation processes. The were dominated several distinct γ-, δ- ε-proteobacterial taxa associated either sulfur oxidation or sulfate reduction. Our results suggest these chemolithoautotrophic bacteria utilized oxidants (oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, nitric oxide nitrous oxide) detoxify well below oxic surface. our sampling site led rates dark fixation. Assuming maintained throughout they could be representing as much ∼30% Postulated changes such eutrophication global warming, lead expansion intensification OMZs, might also increase frequency chemolithoautotrophically fixed may involved negative feedback loop fuel further reduction potentially stabilize

Language: Английский

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The microbiology of deep-sea hydrothermal vent plumes: ecological and biogeographic linkages to seafloor and water column habitats

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Jan. 1, 2013

Hydrothermal plumes are an important yet understudied component of deep-sea vent microbial ecosystems. The significance plume processes can be appreciated from three perspectives: (1) mediation biogeochemistry, (2) dispersal seafloor hydrothermal microbes between vents sites, (3) as natural laboratories for understanding the ecology, physiology, and function groups that distributed throughout pelagic deep sea. Plume microbiology has been largely neglected in recent years, especially relative to extensive research conducted on subseafloor systems. Rapidly advancing technologies investigating communities provide new motivation opportunities characterize this habitat. Here we briefly highlight contributions broader ocean (bio)geochemistry review work illustrate ecological biogeographic linkages plumes, habitats, other marine habitats such oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), cold seeps, oil spills. 16S rRNA gene surveys metagenomic/-transcriptomic data point dominant populations, genes, functions also operative OMZs (SUP05, ammonia-oxidizing Archaea, SAR324 Deltaproteobacteria) hydrocarbon-rich environments (methanotrophs). distinct those or subsurface but contain some signatures these consistent with notion potential vectors microorganisms sites. Finally, put forward pressing questions future consider interactions oceans global scales.

Language: Английский

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Genomic repertoire of the Woeseiaceae/JTB255, cosmopolitan and abundant core members of microbial communities in marine sediments

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1276 - 1281

Published: Jan. 6, 2017

Language: Английский

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Responses of fungal–bacterial community and network to organic inputs vary among different spatial habitats in soil

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 125, P. 54 - 63

Published: July 6, 2018

Language: Английский

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Ecology and evolution of seafloor and subseafloor microbial communities

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 671 - 683

Published: July 2, 2018

Language: Английский

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