Patterns and functional consequences of antibody speciation in maternal-fetal transfer of coronavirus-specific humoral immunity DOI Creative Commons

Andrew P. Hederman,

Hannah M. Brookes,

Harini Natarajan

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Abstract Maternal antibodies serve as a temporary form of inherited immunity, providing humoral protection to vulnerable neonates. Whereas IgG is actively transferred up concentration gradient via the neonatal Fc Receptor (FcRn), maternal IgA and IgM are typically excluded from fetal circulation. Further, not all molecules exhibit same transfer efficiency, being influenced by subclass, Fab domain glycosylation, antigen-specificity, temporal dynamics antibody responses. Here, we investigate phenotypes functions cord blood induced SARS-CoV-2 infection compare them those mRNA vaccination, focusing on breadth antigen recognition antiviral including neutralization effector function. While coronavirus-specific functional potency appeared be more compromised than binding in both groups, vaccination substantially greater function did natural infection. These were associated with speciation serum repertoires, some subpopulations enriched while others relatively depleted. Relevant continued populations context diversifying pathogen, was observed for neutralization, these activities affinity antigen. This work provides insights into maternal-fetal responses novel vaccines recently emerged pathogen that likely public health burden foreseeable future.

Language: Английский

Non-neutralizing functions in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies DOI Creative Commons

Sebastian Reinig,

Shin‐Ru Shih

Biomedical Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 100666 - 100666

Published: Sept. 29, 2023

Most individuals infected with or vaccinated against COVID-19 develop antigenic neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Although are biomarkers of adaptive immune response, their mere presence is insufficient to explain protection afforded disease its pathology. IgG exhibits other secondary effector functions that activate innate components, including complement, natural killer cells, and macrophages. The affinity for cells depends on isotypes glycosylation antibodies. anti-spike titer should be sufficient provide significant Fc-mediated effects in severe COVID-19, mRNA, protein subunit vaccinations. In combination aberrant pro-inflammatory afucosylated IgG1 IgG3 may detrimental COVID-19. antibody response mRNA vaccines leads higher fucosylation a less inflammatory profile, long-term shift IgG4, which correlated from disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Immunosuppressive Therapy Modifies Anti-Spike IgG Subclasses Distribution After Four Doses of mRNA Vaccination in a Cohort of Kidney Transplant Recipients DOI Creative Commons
Ignacio Juárez, Isabel Pérez-Flores,

Arianne S. Aiffil Meneses

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 123 - 123

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Background: IgG4 is the least immunogenic subclass of IgG. Immunization with mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, unlike other vaccines, induces an increase in spike protein healthy populations. This study investigated whether immunosuppressive therapy affects immune response, focusing on IgG changes, to four doses vaccine kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Methods: includes 146 KTRs and 23 dialysis patients (DPs) who received three mRNA-1273 a BNT162b2 booster. We evaluated anti-spike titers subclasses, T-CD4+ T-CD8+ cellular responses, serum neutralizing activity (SNA). Results: At fourth dose, 75.8% COVID-19 naïve developed humoral responses (vs. 95.7% DPs). There was correlation between titers/subclasses SNA (p < 0.001). kinetics after third/fourth dose differed DPs. Immunosuppressive influenced subclasses: mTOR inhibitors (mTORi) positively IgG1 IgG3 0.05), while mycophenolic acid negatively affected IgG1, IgG3, 0.05). correlated breakthrough infections KTRs. mTORi only factor associated > 65% [4.29 (1.21–15.17), p = 0.024]. Conclusions: show weaker class shift towards non-inflammatory anti-S upon booster doses. subclasses positive are by immunosuppression. Increased protective infection. may benefit non-responding

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Temporal correlations between RBD-ACE2 blocking and binding antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants in CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals and their persistence in COVID-19 patients DOI Creative Commons
Prapassorn Poolchanuan, Wasin Matsee,

Adul Dulsuk

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 6, 2025

Abstract Antibodies play a crucial role in protection against SARS-CoV-2. Understanding the correlation between binding and functional antibodies is essential to determine whether antibody levels can reliably predict neutralizing activity. We assessed responses 111 individuals vaccinated with inactivated vaccine CoronaVac COVID-19 patients Thailand. Plasma of ACE2-blocking targeting receptor-binding domain (RBD) SARS-Co-V2 variants were measured before vaccination at 14 28 days after second dose using multiplex surrogate virus neutralization test. Anti-spike anti-nucleocapsid quantified by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, anti-RBD IgG ELISA. After vaccination, blocking, anti-spike, increased but declined rapidly within month, whereas persisted. Blocking anti-spike correlated day post-vaccination not 28. In patients, correlations moderate 14, stronger Correlations weaker for Omicron subvariants than ancestral strain non-Omicron variants. The weak blocking suggests might These findings highlight temporal nature CoronaVac-induced immunity need booster doses variant-adapted vaccine.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Associations between clinical data, vaccination status, antibody responses, and post-COVID-19 symptoms in Thais infected with SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants: a 1-year follow-up study DOI Creative Commons

Wathusiri Khongsiri,

Prapassorn Poolchanuan,

Adul Dulsuk

et al.

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes disease 2019 (COVID-19), led to a global pandemic from 2020. In Thailand, five waves of outbreaks were recorded, with the fourth and fifth driven by Delta Omicron variants, resulting in over 20,000 new confirmed cases daily at their peaks.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Comparison of Kinetics of Antibody Avidity and IgG Subclasses’ Response in Patients with COVID-19 and Healthy Individuals Vaccinated with the BNT162B2 (Comirnaty, Pfizer/BioNTech) mRNA Vaccine DOI Creative Commons
Waldemar Rastawicki, Rafał Gierczyński, Aleksandra Anna Zasada

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 970 - 970

Published: April 14, 2023

There are limited reports concerning the levels of antibodies in IgG subclasses and avidity IgG, which is functional strength with an antibody binds to antigen serum samples obtained at different times after infection or vaccination. This study investigated kinetics response within IgG1-IgG4 individuals vaccinated BNT162B2 mRNA vaccine COVID-19 patients. Serum were collected from three doses (Comirnaty, Pfizer/BioNTech) unvaccinated revealed that IgG1 was a dominating subclass both patients individuals. The level IgG4 significantly increased 7 months first two then again third dose. IgG2 IgG3 low most Investigating dynamics essential for understanding mechanisms protection against viral infections, including COVID-19, especially context immunization innovative vaccines possible future development application technology.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Patterns and functional consequences of antibody speciation in maternal-fetal transfer of coronavirus-specific humoral immunity DOI Creative Commons

Andrew P. Hederman,

Hannah M. Brookes,

Harini Natarajan

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Abstract Maternal antibodies serve as a temporary form of inherited immunity, providing humoral protection to vulnerable neonates. Whereas IgG is actively transferred up concentration gradient via the neonatal Fc Receptor (FcRn), maternal IgA and IgM are typically excluded from fetal circulation. Further, not all molecules exhibit same transfer efficiency, being influenced by subclass, Fab domain glycosylation, antigen-specificity, temporal dynamics antibody responses. Here, we investigate phenotypes functions cord blood induced SARS-CoV-2 infection compare them those mRNA vaccination, focusing on breadth antigen recognition antiviral including neutralization effector function. While coronavirus-specific functional potency appeared be more compromised than binding in both groups, vaccination substantially greater function did natural infection. These were associated with speciation serum repertoires, some subpopulations enriched while others relatively depleted. Relevant continued populations context diversifying pathogen, was observed for neutralization, these activities affinity antigen. This work provides insights into maternal-fetal responses novel vaccines recently emerged pathogen that likely public health burden foreseeable future.

Language: Английский

Citations

0