Making sense of the virome in light of evolution and ecology

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 292(2044)

Published: April 1, 2025

Understanding the patterns and drivers of viral prevalence abundance is key importance for understanding pathogen emergence. Over last decade, metagenomic sequencing has exponentially expanded our knowledge diversity evolution viruses associated with all domains life. However, as most these ‘virome’ studies are primarily descriptive, predictors virus prevalence, diversity, their variation in space time, remains limited. For example, we do not yet understand relative ecological (e.g. seasonality habitat) versus evolutionary host phylogenies) driving diversity. Few set up to reveal factors that predict virome composition individual hosts, populations or species. In addition, ecology represent a snapshot single species viromes at point time space. Fortunately, recent have begun use data directly test hypotheses about which drive sharing By synthesizing evidence across studies, present some over-arching composition, illustrate need additional work quantify

Language: Английский

Selective and non-selective evolutionary signatures found in the simplest replicative biological entities

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(8), P. 862 - 876

Published: June 1, 2024

Mitoviruses, which are considered evolutionary relics of extinct alpha-proteobacteria RNA phages, represent one the simplest self-replicating biological systems. This study aims to quantitatively describe genomes and identify potential genomic signatures that support protein phylogenetic-based classification criterion. Genomic variables, such as mononucleotide dinucleotide composition, codon usage bias, minimal free energy derived from optimized predicted secondary structure, were analyzed. From values obtained, main pressures discussed, indicating natural selection plays a significant role in shaping mitovirus genomes. However, neutral evolution also makes contribution. reveals discovery structural divergence Kvaramitovirus. The minimization approach employed 2D folding this distinct spatial organization their genomes, providing evidence for hypothesis single event circularization most recent common ancestor lineage. was discussed light discoveries by other researchers partially existence mitoviruses with circular Finally, represents advancement understanding mitoviruses, it describes nucleotide sequence at family genus taxonomic levels. Additionally, we provide hypotheses can be experimentally validated inspire new research address gaps knowledge fascinating, basally divergent virus

Language: Английский