Jellyfish blooms—an overlooked hotspot and potential vector for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance in marine environments

mSystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

ABSTRACT Gelatinous zooplankton (GZ) represents an important component of marine food webs, capable generating massive blooms with severe environmental impact. When these collapse, considerable amounts organic matter (GZ-OM) either sink to the seafloor or can be introduced into ocean’s interior, promoting bacterial growth and providing a colonizable surface for microbial interactions. We hypothesized that GZ-OM is overlooked hotspot transmitting antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). To test this, we first re-analyzed metagenomes from two previous studies experimentally evolved communities in presence absence OM Aurelia aurita Mnemiopsis leidyi recovered bloom events thereafter performed additional time-resolved degradation experiments improve sample size statistical power our analysis. analyzed composition, ARG, mobile genetic element (MGE) content. Communities exposed displayed up fourfold increased relative ARG 10-fold MGE abundance per 16S rRNA gene copy compared controls. This pattern was consistent across classes independent GZ species, indicating nutrient influx surfaces drive changes. Potential carriers included genera containing potential pathogens raising concerns transfer pathogenic strains. Vibrio pinpointed as key player associated elevated ARGs MGEs. Whole-genome sequencing isolate revealed capability mobilization transfer. study establishes link between emerging issues coastal zones, jellyfish spread, both likely increasing future ocean change. Hence, are quintessential “One Health” issue where decreasing health directly impacts human health. IMPORTANCE Jellyfish are, context health, often seen mainly problematic oceanic bathing. Here demonstrate they may also play critical role hotspots transmission (AMR). employed (re-)analyses microcosm investigate how particulate collapsed blooms, specifically , significantly increase elements by one order magnitude. By abundant nutrients colonization, enhances proliferation, including mobility potentially bacteria like . Understanding this connection highlights importance monitoring part assessments developing strategies mitigate spread AMR ecosystems.

Language: Английский

Dynamic population modeling of bacterioplankton community response to gelatinous marine zooplankton bloom collapse and its impact on marine nutrient balance

Progress In Oceanography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227, P. 103312 - 103312

Published: July 18, 2024

The diverse microbial community in the ocean, encompassing various metabolic types, interacts with wide array of compounds dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool, thereby influencing ocean's biogeochemical state and, consequently, global climate. Our understanding interactions between specific DOM constituents and consortia remains limited, necessitating further refinement to achieve a mechanistic comprehension relationship field network. Attaining this level is crucial for accurately predicting marine ecosystem's response natural anthropogenic perturbations. To address gap, we developed bacterial population model based on von Foerster equation. This aims describe complex microbial-mediated degradation gelatinous zooplankton (hereinafter 'jellyfish') detritus, as an important, but largely overlooked source ocean. By considering growth decay, well uptake, nutrient release, able community's life cycle, biochemical transformations jellyfish-derived matter. We fitted results laboratory microcosm experiments conducted simulate scenarios experienced by ambient microbiomes during decay two different jellyfish species northern Adriatic Sea. interpreting parameters, highlight differences species, namely how these affect composition release nutrients. has been specifically designed integration ocean circulation models create comprehensive physical-biogeochemical model. Such extended can be utilized multi-scale simulations assess system's Given that blooms may become more prevalent under future scenarios, modeling approach essential their potential impact ecosystems.

Language: Английский

Chemical composition and egg production capacity throughout bloom development of ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the northern Adriatic Sea

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. e17844 - e17844

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

High abundances of gelatinous zooplankton (GZ) can significantly impact marine ecosystem by acting as both sink and source organic matter (OM) nutrients. The decay GZ bloom introduce significant amount OM to the ocean interior, with its variability influenced life traits environmental factors, impacting microbial communities vital biogeochemical cycles. invasive ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi has formed massive blooms in northern Adriatic Sea since 2016. However, chemical composition egg production blooming populations, well role factors governing this variability, remains largely unknown. Our analysis biometry, composition, fecundity M. sampled Gulf Trieste 2021 revealed stable carbon nitrogen content throughout development, no correlation seawater temperature, salinity, oxygen, chlorophyll a concentration. Although studied population exhibited homogeneity terms biometry number produced eggs varied substantially, showing clear variables being somewhat lower than previously reported for study area other Mediterranean areas. We observed positive between wet weight individuals percentage hatched eggs, ambient temperature. Additionally, we noted that speed hatching decreased decreasing temperature autumn, corresponding end bloom.

Language: Английский