Antibody responses to known and unknown SARS-CoV-2 infections after mRNA vaccine booster DOI Creative Commons
Alexis R. Demonbreun, Amelia Sancilio, Lauren A. Vaught

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2022

Abstract We followed a fully-vaccinated (two mRNA vaccine doses) community cohort (n=41) without prior COVID-19 diagnosis from September 2021 through March 2022 the Omicron wave following booster vaccination. 19.5% of participants reported known SARS-CoV-2 infection during wave, which was confirmed by anti-nucleocapsid IgG. An additional 36.5% also developed IgG after boost, consistent with unknown, asymptomatic this period. Infection defined IgG, whether to participant or not, increased anti-spike levels, relative those lacking at 120 days post-booster.

Language: Английский

No difference in anti-spike antibody and surrogate viral neutralization following SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination in persons with HIV compared to controls (CO-HIV Study) DOI Creative Commons

Kendall Kling,

Patrick Janulis, Alexis R. Demonbreun

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Background Understanding the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination will enable accurate counseling and inform evolving strategies. Little is known about antibody following booster in people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods We enrolled SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated PLWH controls without similar proportions based on age comorbidities. Participants completed surveys prior infection, vaccination, comorbidities, provided self-collected dried blood spots (DBS). Quantitative anti-spike IgG surrogate viral neutralization assays targeted wild-type (WT), Delta, Omicron variants. also measured quantitative anti-nucleocapsid IgG. The analysis population had received full plus one dose. Bivariate analyses for continuous outcomes utilized Wilcoxon tests multivariate used linear models. Results comprised 140 75 median 58 55 years, males 95% 43%, DBS collection 112 109 days after last dose, respectively. Median CD4 count among was 760 cells/mm 3 91% an undetectable HIV-1 load. Considering WT, variants, there no significant difference mean between (3.3, 2.9, 1.8) 1.8), respectively ( p -values=0. 771, 0.920, 0.708). Surrogate responses were (1.0, 0.9, 0.4) 0.5), -values=0.594, 0.436, 0.706). Conclusions whose counts are well preserved persons have levels a single vaccination.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
COVID-19 vaccine antibody responses in community-dwelling adults to 48 weeks post primary vaccine series DOI Creative Commons
Sharon Walmsley, Leah Szadkowski, Bradly G. Wouters

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 106506 - 106506

Published: March 28, 2023

We report a decentralized prospective cohort study of self-reported adverse events and antibody responses to COVID vaccines derived from dried blood spots. Data are presented for 911 older (aged >70 years) 375 younger (30-50 recruits 48 weeks after the primary vaccine series. After single vaccine, 83% 45% participants had overall seropositivity (p < 0.0001) increasing 100/98% with second dose, respectively = 0.084). A cancer diagnosis 0.009), no mRNA-1273 doses <0 .0001), age .0001) predicted lower responses. Antibody levels declined in both cohorts at 12 24 booster doses. At weeks, 3 doses, median were higher 0.04) any dose infection .001). The well tolerated. Breakthrough infections uncommon (16% cohort, 29% cohort; p mild.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Applications of SARS-CoV-2 serological testing: impact of test performance, sample matrices, and patient characteristics DOI

Chun Yiu Jordan Fung,

Mackenzie Scott,

Jordan Lerner‐Ellis

et al.

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61(1), P. 70 - 88

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

AbstractLaboratory testing has been a key tool in managing the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. While rapid antigen and PCR proven useful for diagnosing acute infections, additional methods are required to understand long-term impact of infections on immune response. Serological testing, well-documented laboratory practice, measures presence antibodies sample uncover information about host immunity. Although proposed applications serological clinical use have previously limited, current research into shown growing utility these settings. To name few, used identify patients with past active disease monitor vaccine efficacy. Test result interpretation, however, often complicated by factors that include poor test sensitivity early infection, lack response some individuals, overlying infection vaccination responses, standardization antibody titers/levels between instruments, unknown titers confer protection, large between-individual biological variation following or vaccination. Thus, three major components this review will examine (1) affect utility: performance, matrices, seroprevalence concerns viral variants, (2) patient response: timing sampling, age, sex, body mass index, immunosuppression vaccination, (3) informative testing: identifying surveillance guide health practices, examination protective should be beneficial care if it is implemented appropriately. However, as other developed tests, serology modality warrants careful consideration limitations evaluation its utility.Keywords: SARS-CoV-2COVID-19serologyimmunityantibody Disclosure statementJT receives in-kind support from Roche Diagnostics.Additional informationFundingThis open-access article supported funding Canadian Institutes Health Research (Funding Reference Number VR4-172753, VS1-175526, VS2-175572.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated children and young adults DOI Creative Commons
Sarah L. Silverberg, Hennady P. Shulha,

Brynn McMillan

et al.

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Abstract Background and objectives Pediatric COVID-19 cases are often mild or asymptomatic, which has complicated estimations of disease burden using existing testing practices. We aimed to determine the age-specific population seropositivity risk factors SARS-CoV-2 among children young adults during pandemic in British Columbia (BC). Methods conducted two cross-sectional serosurveys: phase 1 enrolled < 25 years between November 2020-May 2021 2 10 June 2021-May 2022 BC. Participants completed electronic surveys self-collected finger-prick dried blood spot (DBS) samples. Samples were tested for immunoglobulin G antibodies against ancestral spike protein (S). Descriptive statistics from survey data reported multivariable analyses evaluate associated with seropositivity. Results A total 2864 participants enrolled, 95/2167 (4.4%) S-seropositive across all ages, 61/697 (8.8%) unvaccinated aged under ten 2. Overall, South Asian had a higher than other ethnicities (13.5% vs. 5.2%). Of 156 seropositive both phases, 120 no prior positive test. Young infants highest rates (7.0% 7.2% respectively 3.0-5.6% age groups). Conclusions was low May 2022, Asians disproportionately infected. This work demonstrates need improved diagnostics reporting strategies that account differences dynamics acceptability mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Serological survey for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 from newborns and their mothers DOI
Gabriela Soutto Mayor Assumpção Pinheiro, Vívian Mara Gonçalves de Oliveira Azevedo, Aline Almeida Bentes

et al.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(8)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

This serological survey, conducted in five Brazilian municipalities, evaluated the use of dried blood spots (DBS), obtained from newborns and their mothers, to detect SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. DBS were 4,803 neonates aged up seven days both asymptomatic, at public health care clinics during newborn screening. processed by ELISA antibodies against nucleocapsid antigen. Mothers seropositive interviewed about sociodemographic characteristics clinical laboratory antecedents. Non-satisfactory samples, dyads with incomplete data, vaccinated mothers excluded. Of 1,917 samples analyzed, 14.7% showed SARS-CoV-2. Among neonates, 73.2% also seropositive. More than half denied or suspicion COVID-19 pregnancy. Suspicion occurred third trimester for 24.6% mothers. study tested an innovative strategy improve understanding antibody dynamics pregnancy suggests feasibility a universal survey puerperal women neonates.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Seropositivity of SARS-CoV-2 in an unvaccinated cohort in British Columbia, Canada: a cross-sectional survey with dried blood spot samples DOI Creative Commons
C. Sarai Racey, Amy Booth, Arianne Albert

et al.

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. e062567 - e062567

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Gathering population-based data on prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection is vital to the public health response and planning. Current seroprevalence in BC are limited with respect considerations how socioeconomic demographic factors, such as age, sex, gender, income, identifying a visibility minority occupation, related antibody detection due infection-acquired immunity. We aimed estimate seropositivity cohort British Columbians, using at-home self-collected dried blood spot (DBS) samples.This cross-sectional study included online surveys that collected sociodemographic COVID-19 vaccine receipt information, an DBS collection kit.British Columbia (BC), Canada.Eligible participants were aged 25-69 years residents BC.SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG unvaccinated individuals. Adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) explored factors associated seropositivity.SARS-CoV-2 serology was performed total 4048 age who submitted samples taken from November 2020 June 2021. A 118 seropositive cases identified, for estimated overall 2.92% (95% CI 2.42% 3.48%). Participants visible had higher seropositivity, 5.1% vs 2.6% (p=0.003), compared non-visible participants. After adjustment by (aIRR=1.85, 95% 1.20 2.84) remained only significant factor this individuals.SARS-CoV-2 population immunity low. Seropositivity indicated among those unvaccinated, communities have been most impacted. Continued monitoring both vaccine-acquired will be planning pandemic response.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Clinical utility and interpretive guidance for SARS-CoV-2 serological testing DOI
Muhammad Morshed, Agatha N. Jassem, Danielle Luk

et al.

Clinical Microbiology Newsletter, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(24), P. 209 - 218

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Use of dried blood spots in the detection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review DOI Open Access

Jannie Nikolai M Alquero,

Patrizia Marie S Estanislao,

Svethlana Marie M Hermino

et al.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 100700 - 100700

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

COVID-19 disease continues to be a global health concern. The current protocol for detecting SARS-CoV-2 requires healthcare professionals draw blood from patients. Recent studies showed that dried spot (DBS) is valuable sampling procedure can collect low volume without the need presence of medical practitioners. This study synthesized available literature on using DBS as collection tool diagnose disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Antibody responses to known and unknown SARS-CoV-2 infections after mRNA vaccine booster DOI Creative Commons
Alexis R. Demonbreun, Amelia Sancilio, Lauren A. Vaught

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2022

Abstract We followed a fully-vaccinated (two mRNA vaccine doses) community cohort (n=41) without prior COVID-19 diagnosis from September 2021 through March 2022 the Omicron wave following booster vaccination. 19.5% of participants reported known SARS-CoV-2 infection during wave, which was confirmed by anti-nucleocapsid IgG. An additional 36.5% also developed IgG after boost, consistent with unknown, asymptomatic this period. Infection defined IgG, whether to participant or not, increased anti-spike levels, relative those lacking at 120 days post-booster.

Language: Английский

Citations

1