Whole-body Microbiota of Newborn Calves and Their Response to Prenatal Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 21, 2023

ABSTRACT Here, we investigated whether initial microbial colonization at seven different anatomical locations in newborn calves and their blood cytokines are influenced by prenatal vitamin mineral (VTM) supplementation. Samples were collected from the hoof, liver, lung, nasal cavity, eye, rumen (tissue fluid), vagina of beef that born dams received diets with or without VTM supplementation throughout gestation (n=7/group). Calves separated immediately after birth fed colostrum milk replacer until euthanasia 30 h post-initial feeding. The microbiota all samples was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing qPCR. 15 chemokines quantified serum. ocular, respiratory, reproductive sites colonized site-specific differed (0.64 ≥ R 2 0.12, P ≤ 0.003). Only ruminal fluid on ( P< 0.01 Differences <0.05) detected richness (vagina), diversity (ruminal tissue fluid, eye), composition phylum genus level vagina), total bacterial abundance (ocular vagina) between control calves. cytokine IP-10 higher =0.02) Overall, our results suggest despite immediate separation dam upon birth, whole-body 32-h old relatively rich, diverse communities, rumen, oculus seem to be IMPORTANCE Increased appreciation maternal nutrition microbiome’s involvement developmental programming evidence supporting utero highlight factors could impact offspring colonization. any 7 We identified changes ruminal, vaginal, ocular response provided a “holistic” view calf microbiota. Our data obtained same sex age, who dams, hence provides novel insights taxonomic those examined. Combined, this study direction for future work targeting manipulation early life microbiome via alteration harnessing improved cattle health production.

Language: Английский

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Sequencing and Culture-based Characterization of the Vaginal and Uterine Microbiota in Beef Cattle that Became Pregnant or Non-pregnant via Artificial Insemination

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 31, 2023

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the vaginal and uterine microbiota between beef cattle that became pregnant via artificial insemination (AI) those did not to identify microbial signature associated with pregnancy. We also characterized culturable fraction of these using extensive culturing screened some bacterial isolates for their antimicrobial resistance. For this, swabs from two cohorts Angus-crossbred cattle: mature cows (vaginal uterine; 27 open 31 pregnant) heifers (vaginal; 26 33 were collected before AI processed assessment 16S rRNA gene sequencing culturing. Twenty-nine resistance against 41 antibiotics. Sequencing results revealed 11 taxa more abundant in samples non-pregnant compared heifers. No differentially detected versus cows. Pregnant had a distinct community structure ( P = 0.008) interaction network Twenty-eight observed groups. Community diversity different cow vagina uterus. A total 733 recovered (512) (221) under aerobic (83 species) anaerobic (69 Among pathogenic species mostly susceptible tested Overall, our indicate pregnancy-associated taxonomic signatures are present bovine microbiota. Importance Emerging evidence suggests microbiome-targeted approaches may provide novel opportunity reduce incidence reproductive failures cattle. To develop such microbiome-based strategies, one first logical steps is microbiome features related fertility, isolate pregnancy developing future consortium could be administered breeding enhance outcomes. Here, or identified similarities microbiota, Using culturing, provided new insights on findings will serve as an important basis research aimed at harnessing improved fertility.

Language: Английский

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International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology: Paternal Nutrient Supply: Impacts on Physiological and Whole Animal Outcomes in Offspring

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Recent evidence suggests that environmental factors experienced by sires can be transmitted through the ejaculate (seminal plasma + sperm) into female reproductive tract, influencing fertilization, embryo development, and postnatal offspring outcomes. This concept is termed paternal programming. In rodents, sire nutrition was shown to directly alter outcomes sperm epigenetic signatures, DNA damage/oxidative stress, cytokine profiles, and/or seminal microbiome. Response variables impacted in rodent models, including adiposity, muscle mass, metabolic responses, performance, could have major productivity financial implications for producers if these programming responses are also present ruminant species. However, a paucity of data exist regarding ruminants. The limited literature mainly point alterations epigenome as result diet or environment. Global has been implicated models which subsequently uterine environment immune response mating. Several reports indicate development signatures plane inclusion specific feed ingredients diets (polyunsaturated fatty acids, folic acid, rumen protected methionine). Models sheep addition methionine impact methylation performance characteristics extending F3 generation, divergent planes cause altered hormone profiles insulin/glucose metabolism offspring. There almost unlimited opportunities discovery this area, but researchers encouraged target critical questions such whether extent effects common management scenarios, mechanisms inherited ruminants, interact with those maternal influence physiology, whole animal outcomes, herd flock productivity.

Language: Английский

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Holistic View and Novel Perspective on Ruminal and Extra-Gastrointestinal Methanogens in Cattle

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 2746 - 2746

Published: Nov. 10, 2023

Despite the extensive research conducted on ruminal methanogens and anti-methanogenic intervention strategies over last 50 years, most of currently researched enteric methane (CH4) abatement approaches have shown limited efficacy. This is largely because complex nature animal production environment, host genetic variability CH4 production, an incomplete understanding role microbiome in emissions. Recent sequencing-based studies suggest presence methanogenic archaea extra-gastrointestinal tract tissues, including respiratory reproductive tracts cattle. While these sequencing data require further verification via culture-dependent methods, consistent identification with relatively greater frequency airway urogenital cattle, as well increasing appreciation microbiome-gut-organ axis together highlight potential interactions between communities. Thus, a traditional singular focus may not be sufficient, holistic approach which takes into consideration transfer ruminal, extra-gastrointestinal, environmental microbial communities necessity to develop more efficient long-term mitigation strategies. In present review, we provide survey different anatomical sites cattle discuss seeding sources methanogens.

Language: Английский

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