Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among children 6–11 years against hospitalization during Omicron predominance in Malaysia

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 8, 2024

Abstract There is currently limited data on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines for children aged 6–11 years in Malaysia. This study aims to determine vaccine (VE) against COVID-19-related hospitalization after receipt one- and two-doses BNT162b2 mRNA (Comirnaty-Pfizer/BioNTech) over a duration almost 1 year predominantly Omicron period BA.4/BA.5 X.B.B sub lineages. linked administrative databases between May 2022 March 2023 evaluate real-world pre-dominant with During Omicron-predominant period, cumulative rate was two times higher unvaccinated (9.6 per million population) compared vaccinated (6 population). The estimated VE one dose 27% (95% CI − 1%, 47%) 38% 27%, 48%) doses. remained stable when stratified by time. first 90 days be 45% 33, 55%), followed 47% 34, 56%) 180 days, 36% 22, 45%) 360 days. Recent infection within 6 months does not appear modify impact vaccination risk hospitalization, subject caveat potential underestimation. In our pediatric population, provided moderate-non-diminishing protection predominance.

Language: Английский

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Bias assessment of a test-negative design study of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness used in national policymaking

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 6, 2023

Abstract National test-negative-case-control (TNCC) studies are used to monitor COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in the UK. A questionnaire was sent participants from first published TNCC study conducted by UK Health Security Agency, assess for potential biases and changes behaviour related vaccination. The original included symptomatic adults aged ≥70 years testing between 08/12/2020 21/02/2021. cases controls tested 1–21 February 2021. In this study, 8648 individuals responded (36.5% response). Using information produce a combined estimate that accounted all decreased after two doses of BNT162b2 88% (95% CI: 79–94%) 85% 68–94%). Self-reported demonstrated minimal evidence riskier These findings offer reassurance policy makers clinicians making decisions based on studies.

Language: Английский

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Lessons learnt during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Why Australian schools should be prioritised to stay open

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 57(9), P. 1362 - 1369

Published: June 8, 2021

In 2020, school and early childhood educational centre (ECEC) closures affected over 1.5 billion school-aged children globally as part of the COVID-19 pandemic response. Attendance at access to ECEC is critical a child's learning, well-being health. School increase inequities by disproportionately affecting vulnerable children. Here, we summarise role adolescents in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission that schools ECECs community describe Australian experience. Australia, most SARS-CoV-2 cases were solitary (77% NSW 67% Victoria); those did progress an outbreak, >90% involved fewer than 10 cases. global experience has demonstrated predominantly introduced into during periods heightened transmission. Implementation public health mitigation strategies, including effective testing, tracing isolation contacts, means can be safe, not drivers Schools are essential services so they should prioritised stay open for face-to-face learning. This particularly continue manage next phase pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Model-based assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant transmission dynamics within partially vaccinated K-12 school populations

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 23, 2021

Abstract Background We examined school reopening policies amidst rising transmission of the highly transmissible Delta variant, accounting for vaccination among individuals aged 12 years and older, with goal characterizing risk to students teachers under various within-school non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) combined specific coverage levels. Methods developed an individual-based model simulate variant SARS-CoV-2 a synthetic population, representative Bay Area cities. parameterized using community contact rates from vaccinated households ascertained household survey families children conducted between February – April, 2021. Interventions outcomes evaluated additional infections in teachers/staff resulting over 128-day semester in-school instruction compared remote when NPIs (mask use, cohorts, weekly testing students/teachers) were implemented schools, across community-wide coverages (50%, 60%, 70%), student (≥12 years) teacher/staff (50% - 95%). quantified added benefit universal masking unvaccinated teachers, varying levels vaccine effectiveness (45%, 65%, 85%), results Alpha circulation. Results The sharply increases COVID-transmission variant. In our highest scenario coverage, no NPIs, predominant circulation variant), we estimated that elementary could see 33-65 symptomatic cases COVID-19 four-month (depending on relative susceptibility <10 years). contrast, plan (universal mask excess infection attributable 2.0-9.7% (8-36 per semester), 3.0% middle (13 school) 0.4% high (3 school). Excess similar. Achievement lower tolerances, such as <5 1,000 or required cohort approach populations. absence increasing members 50% 70% 95% reduced rate by 24% 41%, respectively. eligible population is ≤65% effective, can avert more than persons alone. Conclusions Amidst findings demonstrated schools are not inherently low risk, yet be made so masking. Vaccination adult protects children. Elementary support interventions, cohorts testing, should consider doing so, particularly if studies find younger equally susceptible adults SARS-CoV-2. Limitations did effect social distancing classrooms, variation frequency, considerable uncertainty remains key parameters.

Language: Английский

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Cohort profile: Actionable Register of Geneva Outpatients and inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 (ARGOS)

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. e048946 - e048946

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Purpose The Actionable Register of Geneva Outpatients and inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 (ARGOS) is an ongoing prospective cohort created by the Directorate Health. It consists operational database compiling all test results recorded in area since late February 2020. This article aims at presenting this comprehensive cohort, light some varying public health measures Geneva, Switzerland, March Participants As 1 June 2021, included 360 525 patients, among which 65 475 had least one positive result for SARS-CoV-2. Among 37.6% were contacted only once, 10.6% follow-up call, 8.5% two 27.7% three or more calls. Participation rate patients 94%. Data collection ongoing. Findings to date ARGOS data illustrates magnitude COVID-19 pandemic details a variety population factors outcomes. content includes demographic data, comorbidities risk poor clinical outcome, self-reported symptoms, environmental socioeconomic factors, retrospective contact tracing travel quarantine deaths. registry has already been used several publications focusing on symptoms long COVID-19, infection fatality re-infection. Future plans large real-world provides valuable resource various types research, such as epidemiological research policy assessment it impact policies overall disease burden COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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