medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 23, 2024
Abstract
This
study
investigated
the
effectiveness
of
natural
infection
in
preventing
reinfection
with
JN.1
variant
during
a
large
wave
Qatar,
using
test-negative
case-control
design.
The
overall
previous
was
estimated
at
only
1.8%
(95%
CI:
−9.3-12.6%).
demonstrated
rapid
decline
over
time
since
infection,
decreasing
from
82.4%
40.9-94.7%)
within
3
to
less
than
6
months
after
50.9%
−11.8-78.7%)
subsequent
months,
and
further
dropping
18.3%
−34.6-56.3%)
months.
Ultimately,
it
reached
negligible
level
one
year.
findings
show
that
protection
against
is
strong
among
those
who
were
infected
last
variants
such
as
XBB*.
However,
this
wanes
rapidly
entirely
lost
year
infection.
support
considerable
immune
evasion
by
JN.1.
BMC Pediatrics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: May 30, 2024
Abstract
Background
There
exists
a
gap
in
our
understanding
of
the
age-dependent
epidemiological
dynamics
SARS-CoV-2
among
school-age
children
comparison
to
adults
within
State
Qatar.
Additionally,
there
has
been
limited
assessment
timely
implementation
physical
distancing
interventions,
notably
national
school
closures,
and
their
impact
on
infection
trends.
Methods
We
used
database
capture
all
records
polymerase-chain-reaction
(PCR)
testing,
rapid
antigen
tests
(RAT)
conducted
at
health
care
venues
Qatar
administered
between
August
26,
2020,
21,
2022,
across
age
groups
(≥
5
years
old).
Study
participants
under
18
old
were
categorized
into
two
brackets:
(5–11)
(12–17),
aligning
with
Primary
Preparatory/Secondary
grade
levels
Qatar,
respectively.
assessed
group
testing
rates,
incidence
positivity
rates
relation
adults.
These
metrics
compared
CDC’s
thresholds
for
COVID-19
community
transmission.
Results
Throughout
2020–2021
2021–2022,
total
5,063,405
6,130,531
respectively
conducted.
In
year,
89.6%
adults,
while
13.7%
following
year.
The
overall
test
2021–2022
5.8%
8.1%,
Adolescents
underwent
fewest
during
full
study
period
both
young
children.
Using
CDC
indicators,
we
found
that
adolescents
can
significantly
contribute
elevated
potentially
driving
transmission
upon
relaxation
social
restrictions.
Conclusion
It
is
crucial
acknowledge
potential
higher
youth
when
formulating
control
strategies
making
decisions
regarding
closures.
Employing
data-driven
indicators
monitor
important
informing
decision-making.
approaches
also
enable
prompt
mitigation
measures
future
pandemics.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(7), P. e0306753 - e0306753
Published: July 9, 2024
Background
Hepatitis
A
virus
(HAV)
is
the
predominant
cause
of
acute
viral
hepatitis
worldwide;
however,
data
on
HAV
antibody
prevalence
(seroprevalence)
among
migrant
populations
are
limited.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
seroprevalence
Qatar’s
craft
and
manual
workers
(CMWs),
constituting
approximately
60%
country’s
population.
Methods
testing
was
conducted
stored
serum
specimens
obtained
from
CMWs
during
a
nationwide
severe
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
population-based
cross-sectional
survey
between
July
26
September
9,
2020.
Associations
with
infection
were
investigated
through
regression
analyses.
Results
Of
2,607
test
results,
2,393
positive,
214
negative.
The
estimated
92.0%
(95%
CI:
90.9–93.1%).
generally
high
but
exhibited
some
variation,
ranging
70.9%
62.4–78.2%)
Sri
Lankans
99.8%
98.2–99.9%)
Pakistanis.
multivariable
analysis
identified
age,
nationality,
educational
attainment
as
statistically
significant
factors
associated
infection.
Relative
aged
≤29
years,
adjusted
relative
risk
(ARR)
1.06
1.03–1.10)
in
30–39
years
reached
1.15
1.10–1.19)
those
≥50
years.
In
comparison
Indians,
ARR
lower
Lankans,
assessed
at
0.81
0.72–0.91),
higher
Nepalese
1.07
1.04–1.11),
Bangladeshis
1.10
1.07–1.13),
Pakistanis
1.12
1.09–1.15),
Egyptians
1.08–1.23).
No
evidence
for
differences
found
by
geographic
location
or
occupation.
Conclusions
CMW
population
very
high,
over
nine
out
every
ten
individuals
having
been
exposed
this
infection,
likely
childhood.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 29, 2024
Abstract
Background
This
study
investigated
the
presence
of
healthy
vaccinee
effect—the
imbalance
in
health
status
between
vaccinated
and
unvaccinated
individuals—in
two
COVID-19
vaccine
effectiveness
studies
involving
primary
series
booster
vaccinations.
It
also
examined
temporal
patterns
variability
this
effect
across
different
subpopulations
by
analyzing
association
vaccination
non-COVID-19
mortality
Qatar.
Methods
Two
matched,
retrospective
cohort
assessed
incidence
death
national
cohorts
individuals
with
a
versus
no
(two-dose
analysis),
three-dose
(booster)
(three-dose
from
January
5,
2021,
to
April
9,
2024.
Results
The
adjusted
hazard
ratio
(aHR)
for
was
0.76
(95%
CI:
0.64-0.90)
two-dose
analysis
0.85
0.67-1.07)
analysis.
In
first
six
months
follow-up
analysis,
aHR
0.35
0.27-0.46);
however,
combined
all
subsequent
periods
showed
an
1.52
1.19-1.94).
0.31
0.20-0.50);
1.37
1.02-1.85).
overall
third-dose
vaccinations
against
severe,
critical,
or
fatal
95.9%
94.0-97.1)
34.1%
−46.4-76.7),
respectively.
Subgroup
analyses
that
is
pronounced
among
those
aged
50
years
older
more
clinically
vulnerable
severe
COVID-19.
Conclusion
A
strong
observed
following
vaccination.
may
have
stemmed
lower
likelihood
seriously
ill,
end-of-life
individuals,
less
mobile
elderly
populations.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Aug. 20, 2024
Introduction
The
impact
of
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
on
diabetic
kidney
(DKD)
patients
in
China
is
not
fully
understood.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
infection
status
a
DKD
cohort
post-renal
biopsy
and
analyze
vaccination
rates,
as
well
symptom
severity,
across
various
renal
pathologies
patients.
Methods
epidemiological
survey,
centered
COVID-19,
employed
Chinese
puncture
follow-up
cohort.
A
customized
questionnaire
enabled
standardized
data
gathering.
It
collected
clinical
characteristics,
statuses,
diverse
pathological
types.
analyzed
the
relationship
between
statuses
types,
evaluating
characteristics
treatment
outcomes
with
infections.
Results
In
total,
437
from
26
provinces
were
followed
up
for
median
44.6
±
20
months.
COVID-19
infection,
vaccination,
novel
pneumonia
(NCP)
rates
73.68%,
59.3%,
6.63%,
respectively.
Ten
NCP
had
severe
or
died
COVID-19.
Renal
pathology
revealed
that
167
(38.22%)
nephropathy
(DN),
171
(39.13%)
non-diabetic
(NDRD),
99
DN
NDRD
(22.65%).
group
lowest
(54.5%),
highest
all-cause
mortality
(3.6%),
endpoint
(34.10%).
Compared
who
vaccinated
pre-infection
(117
cases),
(198
cases)
reduced
(6.6%
vs.
13.7%),
severity
(1.0%
3.4%),
(9.10%
31.60%)
rates.
Conclusion
Vaccination
can
prevent
diminish
DKD;
therefore,
increasing
particularly
important.
Clinical
Trial
registration
ClinicalTrails.gov,
NCT05888909.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 23, 2024
Abstract
This
study
investigated
the
effectiveness
of
natural
infection
in
preventing
reinfection
with
JN.1
variant
during
a
large
wave
Qatar,
using
test-negative
case-control
design.
The
overall
previous
was
estimated
at
only
1.8%
(95%
CI:
−9.3-12.6%).
demonstrated
rapid
decline
over
time
since
infection,
decreasing
from
82.4%
40.9-94.7%)
within
3
to
less
than
6
months
after
50.9%
−11.8-78.7%)
subsequent
months,
and
further
dropping
18.3%
−34.6-56.3%)
months.
Ultimately,
it
reached
negligible
level
one
year.
findings
show
that
protection
against
is
strong
among
those
who
were
infected
last
variants
such
as
XBB*.
However,
this
wanes
rapidly
entirely
lost
year
infection.
support
considerable
immune
evasion
by
JN.1.
