Medical Research Archives,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(10)
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
his
article
discusses
the
gradual
increase
in
Deaths
of
Despair
United
States,
followed
by
a
reversal
increased
life
expectancy
trend
for
subset
population.
This
phenomenon
is
examined
context
pronounced
social
and
health
inequities
linked
to
globalization
capitalism
as
well
overall
negative
implications
COVID-19
pandemic
subsequent
socio-economic
crisis,
all
having
potential
further
worsen
US
but
also
globally.
The
development
effective
actionable
solutions
requires
an
in-depth
understanding
root
causes
decrease
population-level
expectancy.
While
focusing
on
Death
brings
attention
role
class
creation
mortality
rates,
this
approach
should
be
part
larger
examination
contributing
factors.
Scrutinizing
impact
other
location
factors
such
race,
gender,
age,
sexual
orientation
identity,
migration,
citizenship
status,
along
with
their
interaction
equally
important.
Research
approaches
that
allow
stratification
analyses
population
groups
are
needed
facilitate
better
observed
decreases
Such
require
long-term
ongoing
investments
research
intentional
collection
indicators
could
reveal
breadth
depth
pathways
through
which
they
lead
rates
various
groups.
sustained
financial
investment
efforts
required
examine
inform
implementation
protective
policies
reverse
have
bring
societal
dividends.
An
indirect
outcome
reduction
adoption
individuals
populations
regain
trust
institutions
and,
result,
enhance
active
political
participation
voter
turnout
decreased
radicalization.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 27, 2024
ABSTRACT
Importance
The
US
has
higher
mortality
rates
than
other
wealthy
nations.
Objective
To
determine
causes
of
death
responsible
for
excess
in
the
compared
to
nations
and
how
involved
this
survival
gap
have
changed
over
time.
Design
Repeat
cross-sectional
study,
1999
2020.
Setting
United
States
12
Participants
All
residents.
Exposures
Residing
versus
Main
outcome
measures
Excess
each
year
due
specific
using
data
from
World
Health
Organization
Mortality
Database.
Differences
between
were
quantified
cause
as:
(1)
number
deaths
(i.e.,
that
would
been
averted
if
equaled
average
nations);
(2)
years
life
lost
(YLL)
resulting
deaths;
(3)
ratio
observed
expected
Results
10,856,851
occurred
In
2019,
prior
COVID-19
pandemic,
there
637,682
deaths,
with
leading
including
circulatory
diseases
(41%
total),
mental
nervous
system
disorders
(25%),
diabetes,
renal,
metabolic
(15%),
drug
poisonings,
alcohol-related
suicide
(13%),
respiratory
disease
(12%),
transportation
accidents
(5%).
Over
two
decades,
alcohol
increased
-5,937
109,015
poisonings
6.7
times
peer
countries.
Circulatory
accounted
largest
absolute
nearly
every
year.
2020,
one
5
attributed
COVID-19.
Conclusions
Relevance
had
substantially
despite
having
similar
access
advanced
medical
technology.
Many
these
could
likely
be
avoided
by
adopting
health
social
policies
benefited
KEY
POINTS
Question
What
are
nations?
Findings
Between
equal
although
drugs,
alcohol,
most
during
study
period.
Mental
disorders,
diseases,
also
major
contributors.
Meaning
suggest
areas
policy
intervention.
American Journal of Epidemiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 20, 2024
Abstract
It
is
unclear
whether
the
large
secular
decline
in
religiosity
has
contributed
to
dramatic
rise
“deaths
of
despair.”
We
contribute
recent
epidemiologic
literature
estimating
more
rigorous
effects
on
health
by
examining
association
between
and
diseases
despair
via
regression,
sibling
fixed
(SFE)
analyses,
instrumental
variable
(IV),
cross-lag
analyses.
used
US
Add
Health
sample
when
respondents
were
Waves
(W)
3-5
(ages:
18-43).
measured
religious
service
attendance
a
composite
outcome
consisting
painkiller
abuse,
past-year
suicidal
ideation,
weekly
binge
drinking.
estimated
linear
probability
models,
SFE,
IV,
models.
Confounders
included
parental
socio-demographics,
community/school
characteristics,
individual
socio-demographics.
Greater
was
negatively
associated
with
pooled
(β
=-0.031;
p
<
.5)
at
each
wave
(W3
β=-0.025;
W4
β=-0.040;
W5
β=-0.028;
all
.5).
Conclusions
similar
SFE
models
(W3-5
β=-0.013),
IV
(W4
β=-0.081;
W3-5
β=-0.064,
.5,
F>100,
overidentification
>
.10)
β=-0.023,
The
consistent
results
across
suggests
that
likely
deaths
despair.
International Journal of Epidemiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(5)
Published: Aug. 14, 2024
Abstract
Background
Before
the
COVID-19
pandemic,
stagnating
life
expectancy
trends
were
reported
in
some
high-income
countries
(HICs).
Despite
previous
evidence
from
country-specific
studies,
there
is
a
lack
of
comparative
research
that
provides
broader
perspective
and
challenges
existing
assumptions.
This
study
aims
to
examine
longevity
patterns
six
English-speaking
(Australia,
Canada,
Ireland,
New
Zealand,
United
Kingdom,
States)
by
combining
period
cohort
perspectives
compare
them
with
other
HICs.
Methods
Using
data
Human
Mortality
World
Health
Organization
Databases,
we
estimated
partial
expectancy,
lifespan
inequality
survival
differences
for
1970–2021,
as
well
contribution
causes
death
gap
between
average
HICs
2017–19.
Results
In
pre-pandemic
period,
increase
slowed
all
countries,
except
mainly
due
or
rising
mortality
at
young-middle
ages.
Relative
HICs,
those
born
Anglophone
since
1970s
experienced
relative
disadvantage,
largely
attributable
injuries
(mainly
suicides)
substance-related
poisonings).
contrast,
older
cohorts
enjoyed
advantages
females
Australia
Canada
males
States.
Conclusions
Although
future
gains
wealthy
societies
will
increasingly
depend
on
reducing
ages,
adverse
health
younger
ages
are
cause
concern.
emerging
avoidable
threat
equity
should
be
focus
further
policy
action.
Population and Development Review,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 4, 2024
Abstract
Steady
and
significant
improvements
in
life
expectancy
have
been
a
bright
spot
for
human
progress
the
last
century
or
more.
Recently,
this
success
has
shown
signs
of
faltering
some
high‐income
countries,
where
mortality
slowed
even
reversed
since
early
2010s.
Combined
with
large
shock
COVID‐19
pandemic,
guaranteed
forward
feels
less
certain.
We
review
trends
countries
2000
through
pandemic.
While
deteriorating
United
States
received
most
attention,
including
Kingdom,
Canada,
Netherlands,
Greece,
Germany
are
also
seeing
slowdowns.
Before
COVID‐19,
these
slowdowns
largely
reflected
stalling
cardiovascular
disease
increases
deaths
from
external
causes
young
midlife
worst‐performing
countries.
discuss
prospects
future
lingering
impacts
challenges
opportunities
related
to
obesity
epidemic,
emerging
reasons
both
optimism
pessimism.
biological
limits
increased
may
eventually
dominate
long‐term
trends,
human‐made
social
factors
currently
holding
many
back
already
achievable
best‐practice
will
be
key
near‐term
improvements.
International Journal for Equity in Health,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Nov. 19, 2024
Abstract
Background
Deaths
related
to
suicide,
drug
misuse,
and
alcohol-specific
causes,
known
collectively
as
“deaths
of
despair”
are
growing
interest
researchers
in
England.
Rates
death
from
these
causes
highest
deprived
northern
communities
closely
tied
the
social
determinants
health
policy
decisions
that
have
shaped
them.
The
aim
this
paper
is
explore
how
stakeholders
community
members
living
Middlesbrough
South
Tyneside,
two
Northern
towns
with
above
average
rates
deaths
despair,
understood
relationship
between
austerity
policies
their
areas.
Methods
I
conducted
interviews
one
focus
group
a
total
54
Tyneside.
Data
were
analysed
using
iterative
categorisation
technique
findings
interpreted
through
thematic
analysis.
Results
highlight
four
primary
ways
which
exacerbated
despair
Tyneside:
reduced
access
mental
services,
diminished
substance
abuse
treatment
capacity,
loss
youth
closure
institutions.
Participants
linked
cuts
rising
isolation,
declining
health,
increased
deepened
geographic
inequalities
despair.
Conclusions
This
study
underscores
urgent
need
for
reinvestment
local
services
reduce
prevent
further
unnecessary
due
drug,
causes.
Prioritising
restoration
enhancement
lost
critical.
Such
will
not
only
help
alleviate
some
most
immediate
but
also
form
foundation
addressing
wider
structural
perpetuate
Medical Research Archives,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(10)
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
his
article
discusses
the
gradual
increase
in
Deaths
of
Despair
United
States,
followed
by
a
reversal
increased
life
expectancy
trend
for
subset
population.
This
phenomenon
is
examined
context
pronounced
social
and
health
inequities
linked
to
globalization
capitalism
as
well
overall
negative
implications
COVID-19
pandemic
subsequent
socio-economic
crisis,
all
having
potential
further
worsen
US
but
also
globally.
The
development
effective
actionable
solutions
requires
an
in-depth
understanding
root
causes
decrease
population-level
expectancy.
While
focusing
on
Death
brings
attention
role
class
creation
mortality
rates,
this
approach
should
be
part
larger
examination
contributing
factors.
Scrutinizing
impact
other
location
factors
such
race,
gender,
age,
sexual
orientation
identity,
migration,
citizenship
status,
along
with
their
interaction
equally
important.
Research
approaches
that
allow
stratification
analyses
population
groups
are
needed
facilitate
better
observed
decreases
Such
require
long-term
ongoing
investments
research
intentional
collection
indicators
could
reveal
breadth
depth
pathways
through
which
they
lead
rates
various
groups.
sustained
financial
investment
efforts
required
examine
inform
implementation
protective
policies
reverse
have
bring
societal
dividends.
An
indirect
outcome
reduction
adoption
individuals
populations
regain
trust
institutions
and,
result,
enhance
active
political
participation
voter
turnout
decreased
radicalization.
