Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: Sept. 6, 2023
Abstract
Background
In
the
US
and
Israel,
non-medical
(‘recreational’)
cannabis
use
is
illegal
at
national
level;
however,
rates
are
high
decriminalization
legalization
spreading.
Thus,
theory-based
intervention
efforts,
especially
for
youth
prevention,
crucial.
Methods
This
mixed-methods
study
of
adults
in
(
n
=
1,128)
Israel
1,094)
analyzed:
1)
cross-sectional
survey
data
(Fall
2021)
to
identify
correlates
(risk
perceptions,
social
norms)
past-month
use,
next-year
intentions,
intentions
home
or
among
children
if
was
legal,
using
multivariable
regression;
2)
qualitative
interviews
regarding
perceptions
policies
(US
40,
44).
Results
16.7%
reported
use;
70.5%,
56.3%,
82.6%
indicated
“not
all
likely”
legal.
Lower
perceived
risk
greater
norms
were
associated
with
children.
Past-month
more
prevalent
(vs.
Israeli)
participants
(22.0%
vs.
11.2%);
regression
controlling
being
from
(next-year;
home/among
children).
Qualitative
themes
indicated:
concerns
about
(e.g.,
increasing
health
risks,
driving-related
risks)
impact
on
society/economy,
marketing),
benefits
medical)
access/safety,
economic,
individual
rights).
Conclusions
Despite
differences
across
countries,
relevant
targets
regardless
sociopolitical
context.
Annual Review of Public Health,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
44(1), P. 233 - 254
Published: Dec. 16, 2022
Housing
quality
is
essential
for
population
health
and
broader
well-being.
The
World
Health
Organization
guidelines
highlight
interventions
that
protect
occupants
from
cold
hot
temperatures,
injuries,
other
hazards.
COVID-19
pandemic
has
emphasized
the
importance
of
ventilation
standards.
standards
are
unevenly
developed,
implemented,
monitored
globally,
despite
robust
research
demonstrating
retrofitting
existing
houses
constructing
high-quality
new
ones
can
reduce
respiratory,
cardiovascular,
infectious
diseases.
Indigenous
peoples,
ethnic
minorities,
people
with
low
incomes
face
cumulative
disadvantages
exacerbated
by
poor-quality
housing.
These
be
partially
ameliorated
community-based
programs
to
improve
housing
quality,
particularly
children
older
people,
who
hospitalized
more
often
housing-related
illnesses.
There
renewed
interest
among
policy
makers
researchers
in
well-being
public
subsidized
housing,
disproportionately
disadvantaged
avoidable
diseases
injuries.
Improving
overall
neighborhoods
multiple
cobenefits,
including
reducing
carbon
emissions.
JAMA Network Open,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(7), P. e2421246 - e2421246
Published: July 11, 2024
Importance
With
the
prevalence
of
e-cigarette
use
(vaping)
increasing
worldwide,
there
are
concerns
about
children’s
exposure
to
secondhand
vapor.
Objective
To
compare
nicotine
absorption
among
children
who
(1)
exposed
tobacco
smoke
only
or
(2)
vapor
with
(3)
those
neither.
Design,
Setting,
and
Participants
The
US
Continuous
National
Health
Nutrition
Examination
Survey
(NHANES)
is
a
repeat
cross-sectional
survey.
interviewed
in
their
homes
and,
several
days
after,
visit
mobile
examination
center
provide
biological
specimens.
This
study
uses
data
from
nationally
representative
sample
households
2017
2020.
were
aged
3
11
years
serum
cotinine
levels
incompatible
current
firsthand
(ie,
<15
μg/L).
final
analysis
was
conducted
on
January
9,
2024.
Exposures
Reported
indoors
past
7
(only
smoke,
vapor,
neither).
Covariates
included
age,
sex,
ethnicity,
family
income,
body
weight,
height.
Main
Outcomes
Measures
primary
outcome
concentration,
an
objective
biomarker
absorption.
Geometric
mean
95%
CIs
calculated
using
log-normal
tobit
regression,
accounting
for
complex
survey
design
weights.
Results
(SD)
age
1777
surveyed
7.4
(2.6)
years,
882
(49.6%)
female,
531
(29.9%)
had
incomes
below
poverty
level.
Nicotine
absorption,
as
indexed
by
level,
highest
(0.494
μg/L
μg/L;
CI,
0.386-0.633
μg/L),
followed
(0.081
0.048-0.137
equating
83.6%
(95%
71.5%-90.5%;
P
<
.001)
lower
Among
no
reported
exposure,
geometric
level
0.016
0.013-0.021
96.7%
95.6%-97.6%;
than
smoke.
similar
after
covariate
adjustment.
Conclusions
Relevance
In
this
children,
much
vs
but
higher
These
findings
suggest
that
switching
smoking
vaping
may
substantially
reduce,
not
eliminate,
other
noxious
substances.
Ear Nose & Throat Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Objective:
Secondhand
smoke
(SHS)
is
a
major
public
health
concern.
In
this
study,
we
evaluated
the
global
burden
of
otitis
media
(OM)
due
to
SHS
exposure
during
1990-2019
and
explored
impact
socioeconomic
factors
on
it.
Methods:
With
reference
2019
Global
Burden
Disease
(GBD)
data,
assessed
OM
linked
1990-2019,
stratified
by
gender,
GBD
region,
country.
Join-point
regression
models
analyzed
trends
in
calculating
average
annual
percent
change
(AAPC).
Spearman’s
correlation
examined
relationship
between
Socio-demographic
Index
(SDI),
Healthcare
Access
Quality
(HAQ)
index,
SHS-related
burden.
Results:
During
age-standardized
disability-adjusted
life
years
(ASDRs)
mortality
rates
(ASMRs)
for
declined
globally,
with
AAPCs
−1.45
ASDR
−7.97
ASMR.
Significant
declines
ASMR
were
noted
low-to-middle
SDI
regions.
Regionally,
Eastern
Sub-Saharan
Africa
had
highest
OM-related
deaths,
while
South
Asia
years.
decreased
higher
HAQ.
Conclusion:
Despite
declines,
significant
regional
national
disparities
remained,
which
emphasizes
need
targeted
interventions.
Tobacco Control,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. tc - 059077
Published: March 20, 2025
China
has
enacted
subnational
smoke-free
legislations,
which
requires
compliance
evaluations
to
provide
data
for
future
implementation
planning.
This
study
comprehensively
assessed
regulation
in
Xining
Western
China.
Conducted
November
and
December
2023,
the
used
a
mixed-methods
design.
Quantitative
surveys
of
observing
existence
'no
evidence
smoking'
were
completed
by
trained
investigators
1007
venues
(including
2553
indoor
55
outdoor
areas).
PM2.5
concentration
assessments
smoking
performed
48
venues.
Staff
interviews
on
perceptions
regulations
conducted
94
In
quantitative
survey,
rate
areas
ranged
from
65.2%
100%
venue
types,
with
public
transportation
vehicles
(100%)
educational
institutions
(90%)
showing
highest
rates
leisure/entertainment/accommodation
lowest.
The
was
88.5%
health
96.4%
institutions.
monitoring
found
six
(one
hospital
five
venues)
had
an
average
level
exceeding
China's
air
quality
standard,
highly
likely
caused
people
smoking.
Qualitative
revealed
that
lack
commitment
knowledge
among
staff
non-cooperation
clients
might
be
main
reasons
contributing
unsatisfactory
compliance.
provided
empirical
local
identified
room
improvement.
Efforts
should
made
raise
awareness
strengthen
regulations'
enforcement
supervision.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
22(4), P. 595 - 595
Published: April 10, 2025
This
study
aims
to
explore
the
link
between
exposure
tobacco
smoke
among
nonsmokers
and
risk
of
lung
cancer
in
United
States.
We
searched
six
databases
for
studies
on
second-hand
(SHS)
following
PRISMA
guidelines.
Following
random
effects
model
specific
statistical
methods,
our
meta-analysis
analyzed
based
SHS
type.
A
total
19
eligible
were
included
review
15
meta-analysis.
covered
from
parents
(childhood),
spouses
partners
(household),
work-related
(colleagues),
with
higher
non-smoking
children
domestic
partners.
Findings
reveal
a
consistent
increased
this
population
(exposure
effect
sizes:
1.05–3.11).
Analysis
childhood
reveals
distinct
associated
parental
exposure.
For
living
smoking
spouses,
there
is
marked
41%
increase
risk.
Higher
was
more
prolonged
Exposure
workplace
shows
correlation
Our
findings
highlight
SHS-related
risk,
particularly
partners,
intensifying
amount
duration
exposure,
indicating
significant
impact
within
environments.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
19(20), P. 13152 - 13152
Published: Oct. 13, 2022
Secondhand
smoke
(SHS),
composed
of
mainstream
and
sidestream
smoke,
is
a
known
human
carcinogen.
It
contains
variety
harmful
substances
at
even
higher
concentrations
than
itself,
which
inhaled
during
firsthand
smoking.
Exposure
to
SHS,
affecting
more
third
the
worldwide
population,
increases
likelihood
lung
cancer
by
roughly
30%,
with
specific
contributions
depending
on
histological
type
cancer.
This
study
aimed
present
potential
SHS
through
case
reports
describe
burden
via
literature
review.
From
collection
occurring
in
never
smokers
from
Olomouc
district
over
last
10
years,
2
cases
no
risk
factors
for
except
significant
exposure
were
identified.
Both
young
women
who
lived
households
where
their
parents
smoked
childhood.
They
suffered
rarer
types
association
has
not
yet
been
analyzed.
As
confirms,
most
adverse
effects
individuals
exposed
necessary
both
take
measures
reduce
prevalence
especially
among
children
pay
due
attention
smoking
history
patients,
including
current
previous
when
obtaining
anamnestic
data.
Furthermore,
effect
should
be
studied.
Nicotine & Tobacco Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(10), P. 1404 - 1411
Published: April 18, 2024
Increasingly,
people
smoke
cigarettes
outdoors
and
avoid
exposing
bystanders
to
harm.
People
may
not
have
the
same
motivation
vape
since
e-cigarettes,
unlike
cigarettes,
do
create
side
stream
emissions
exhaled
aerosol
contains
fewer
toxicants
than
secondhand
smoke.
This
study
aims
estimate
prevalence
correlates
of
vaping
smoking
indoors
among
adults
in
England.
