Assessment of biomarkers for normalization of SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in wastewater DOI Open Access

Aaliyah Osman

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, measurement of SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in wastewater quickly emerged as an additional tool for monitoring and to provide early warning system. This led development several regional, national international projects aimed at applying this approach. The main principle is based on detection viral signature untreated indication infection within connected populations. However, concentration can be impacted by dilution factors or population changes sewer shed, leading misinterpretation results. Therefore, there need normalization ensure accurate representation numbers. aim study was evaluate different bacterial markers their efficiency normalizing WBE data, which will enhance accuracy when interpreting concentrations wastewater. Weekly sampling conducted from two treatment plants (WWTP A WWTP B) eThekwini district over a period three months (July-October 2022). Three biomarkers (crAssphage, Bacteroides (HF 183), Pepper Mild Motile Virus) where chosen ascertain most suitable data normalization. Biomarker SARS CoV-2 samples were determined using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Physicochemical characteristics also identify potential impact these biomarkers. To determine biomarker, correlation analysis Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model used. Average sampled WWTPs ranged 0.28 copies/µL 9.57 copies/µL. Among studied, crAssphage recorded highest compared PMMoV HF183 both WWTPs. CrAssphage 7943 (±7.07) 8006 (±4.24) B. 10116 (±120.91) 2474 (±117.37) had 46 84,1 (±5.48) observed Week 1. showed greater association during trend with (0.499) than other A, 183 (-0.191) SARS-CoV 2 (-0.562)). physicochemical electrical conductivity temperature significant biomarker Using ANFIS model, it shown that measured chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved (DO), volatile solids (VS). These results indicate possible parameters Furthermore, quantities demonstrated influenced such conductivity, pH temperature. indicates difference influence SARS-CoV-2. all parameters, combined, best crAssphage, COD VS. highlight significance including characteristic studies reliable As study, serve ix efficient surveillance. In addition, has been quantification targets concern, 2, may enhanced combined characteristics, infections.

Language: Английский

Advances in wastewater analysis revealing the co-circulating viral trends of noroviruses and Omicron subvariants DOI Creative Commons
Teresa Kumblathan, Yanming Liu, Mary Crisol

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 920, P. 170887 - 170887

Published: Feb. 11, 2024

Co-presence of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses is common both in community circulation wastewater. Community surveillance infections requires robust methods enabling simultaneous quantification multiple Using SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants Norovirus (NoV) as examples, this study reports a method that integrates electronegative membrane (EM) concentration, viral inactivation, RNA preservation (VIP) with efficient capture enrichment the on magnetic (Mag) beads, direct detection beads. This provides improved recoveries 80 ± 4 % for 72 5 (Murine NoV). Duplex reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays newly designed degenerate primer-probe sets offered high PCR efficiencies (90–91 %) targets NoV (GI GII) were able to detect few 15 copies per reaction. technique, combined multiplex duplex successfully quantified variants same 94 influent wastewater samples collected from two large systems between July 2022 June 2023. The results showed temporal changes revealing an inverse relationship their emergence. demonstrated importance analytical platform ability sensitively determine pathogens will advance applications complementary public health tool.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Genomic Surveillance of a Canadian Airport Wastewater Samples Allows Early Detection of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Lineages DOI Creative Commons
Alyssa K. Overton, Jennifer J. Knapp, Opeyemi U. Lawal

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 9, 2024

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has shown that wastewater (WW) surveillance is an effective means of tracking the emergence viral lineages in communities, arriving by many routes including via transportation hubs. In Ontario, numerous municipal WWTPs participate WW infectious disease targets such as qPCR and whole genome sequencing (WGS). Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA), operator Pearson International Airport (Toronto Pearson), been participating since January 2022. As a major international airport Canada largest national hub, this ideal location for globally emerging variants concern (VOCs). study, collected from Pearson’s two terminals pooled aircraft sewage was processed WGS using tiled-amplicon approach targeting virus. Data generated analyzed to monitor trends lineage frequencies. Initial detections were compared between samples, samples surrounding regions, Ontario clinical data published Public Health Ontario. Results enabled early detection VOCs individual mutations On average, novel at ahead 1–4 weeks, up 16 weeks. This project illustrates efficacy transitory hubs sets example could be applied other viruses part preparedness strategy provide monitoring on mass scale.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Quantification and Differentiation of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Wastewater for Surveillance DOI Creative Commons
Teresa Kumblathan, Yanming Liu, Xiaoli Pang

et al.

Environment & Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(3), P. 203 - 213

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Wastewater surveillance plays an important role in the monitoring of infections SARS-CoV-2 at community level. We report here determination and differentiation its variants concern 294 wastewater samples collected from two major Canadian cities May 2021 to March 2023. The overall method analysis involved extraction virus viral components using electronegative membranes, situ stabilization concentration RNA onto magnetic beads, direct on beads. Multiplex reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays, targeting specific naturally selected mutations SARS-CoV-2, enabled detection Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron variants. An triplex RT-qPCR assay three mutations, HV 69-70 deletion, K417N, L452R, was able detect differentiate BA.1/BA.3, BA.2/XBB, BA.4/5. This had efficiencies 90-104% for all mutation targets a limit 28 copies per reaction. Analyses over two-year span showed concentrations trends as they emerge participating program. were consistent with clinical reports same period. At beginning each wave, corresponding detectable wastewater. For example, BA.2 variant high 104 100 mL January 2022, when approximately only 50-60 cases infection reported Canada. These results show that strategy highly sensitive assays are potentially useful newly emerging other viruses future biomonitoring.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Sensitivity of wastewater surveillance: What is the minimum COVID-19 cases required in population for SARS-CoV-2 RNA to be detected in wastewater? DOI Open Access
Connie Le

Journal of Environmental Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 125, P. 851 - 853

Published: Aug. 21, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Urban wastewater contains a functional human antibody repertoire of mucosal origin DOI Creative Commons

Sean Stephenson,

Walaa Eid,

Chandler H. Wong

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 3, 2024

ABSTRACT Wastewater-based surveillance of human disease offers timely insights to public health, helping mitigate infectious outbreaks and decrease downstream morbidity mortality. These systems rely on nucleic acid amplification tests for monitoring trends, while antibody-based seroprevalence surveys gauge community immunity. However, serological are resource-intensive subject potentially long lead times sampling bias. We identified characterized a antibody repertoire, predominantly secretory IgA, isolated from central wastewater treatment plant building-scale collection points. antibodies partition the solids fraction retain immunoaffinity SARS-CoV-2 Influenza A virus antigens. This stable pool could enable real-time tracking correlates vaccination, infection, immunity, aiding in establishing population-level thresholds immune protection assessing efficacy future vaccine campaigns, particularly those that designed induce humoral mucosal

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Developing an evaluation framework for public health environmental surveillance: Protocol for an international, multidisciplinary e-Delphi study DOI Creative Commons
Douglas G. Manuel, Carol Bennett, Emma Brown

et al.

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Abstract Introduction Public health environmental surveillance has evolved, especially during the coronavirus disease pandemic, with wastewater-based being a prominent example. As methods diversify and expand, it is essential to have robust evaluation of systems. This electronic Delphi study will propose an framework for public surveillance, informed by expanding practice pandemic. Methods The Health Environmental Surveillance Evaluation Framework (PHES-EF) be developed in five steps. In Step 1, multinational multidisciplinary executive group formed guide development process. 2, candidate items Round 1 generated conducting relevant scoping reviews consultation group. 3, international conducted over two rounds develop consensus on framework. 4, reconvene finalize framework, discuss standout items, determine dissemination strategies. Lastly, 5 focus disseminating all parties involved or affected using traditional public-oriented methods. Discussion provide providing set minimum criteria required their evaluation. intended support sustainability improve its implementation, reliability, credibility, value.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Urban wastewater contains a functional human antibody repertoire of mucosal origin. DOI Creative Commons

Sean Stephenson,

Walaa Eid,

Chandler H. Wong

et al.

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 267, P. 122532 - 122532

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A Review of Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Rural, Remote, and Resource-Constrained Settings Internationally: Insights for Implementation, Research, and Policy for First Nations in Canada DOI Open Access
Joe-Steve Annan, Rita Henderson, Mandi Gray

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 1429 - 1429

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is regarded as a support tool for detecting and assessing the prevalence of infectious diseases at population level. For rural, remote, resource-constrained communities with little access to other public health monitoring tools, WBE can be low-cost approach filling gaps in knowledge inform risk assessment decision-making. This rapid review explores discusses unique considerations key settings, focus on detection SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has rapidly expanded infrastructure globally. To frame our understanding possibilities First Nations Alberta, we address following questions: What are challenges under similar contexts or settings? resources expertise required WBE? identifies several communities, including costs, accessibility, operator capacity, wastewater infrastructure, data mobilization—highlighting need equity WBE. In summary, most require additional from external research and/or governmental bodies undertake

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Genomic surveillance of Canadian airport wastewater samples allows early detection of emerging SARS-CoV-2 lineages DOI Creative Commons
Alyssa K. Overton, Jennifer J. Knapp, Opeyemi U. Lawal

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 3, 2024

Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has shown wastewater (WW) surveillance to be an effective means of tracking the emergence viral lineages which arrive by many routes transmission including via transportation hubs. In Canadian province Ontario, numerous municipal treatment plants (WWTPs) participate in WW infectious disease targets such as SARS-CoV-2 qPCR and whole genome sequencing (WGS). Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA), operator Pearson International Airport (Toronto Pearson), been participating since January 2022. As a major international airport Canada largest national hub, this is ideal location for globally emerging variants concern (VOCs). study, collected from Pearson’s two terminals pooled aircraft sewage was processed WGS using tiled-amplicon approach targeting virus genome. Data generated analyzed monitor trends lineage frequencies. Initial detections were compared between samples, samples surrounding regions, Ontario clinical data published Public Health Ontario. Results enabled early detection VOCs individual mutations On average, novel at preceded 1–4 weeks, up 16 weeks one case. This project illustrates efficacy transitory hubs sets example that could applied other viruses part preparedness strategy provide monitoring on mass scale.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Effectiveness of environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 as an early-warning system: update of a systematic review during the second year of the pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Jose Antonio Baz‐Lomba, João Pires, Mette Myrmel

et al.

Journal of Water and Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 197 - 234

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Abstract The aim of this updated systematic review was to offer an overview the effectiveness environmental surveillance (ES) SARS-CoV-2 as a potential early-warning system (EWS) for COVID-19 and new variants concerns (VOCs) during second year pandemic. An literature search conducted evaluate added value ES public health decisions. studies published between June 2021 July 2022 resulted in 1,588 publications, identifying 331 articles full-text screening. A total 151 publications met our inclusion criteria assessment EWS early detection variants. We identified further 30 among grey literature. confirms its usefulness detecting waves infection with average lead time 1–2 weeks most publication. could function VOCs areas no registered cases or limited clinical capacity. Challenges data harmonization variant require standardized approaches innovations improved decision-making. support decision-making resource allocation future outbreaks.

Language: Английский

Citations

0