
Physica Scripta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(6), P. 065224 - 065224
Published: April 11, 2024
Abstract Pairwise dependencies in interdependent networks exist not only between ordinary nodes but also groups of nodes, where cooperate and form to increase their robustness risks each group can be considered a ‘supernode’. The interdependencies supernodes are universal always complete homogeneous. In this paper, we study the with heterogeneous weak interdependency strength under targeted attack, could vary different supernodes. We identify several types percolation transitions, namely discontinuous, continuous, hybrid, which determined by structure supernodes, strengths interdependencies, distributions. first apply mathematical framework Erdös-Rényi Scale-free homogeneous calculate analytically numerically values phase transition thresholds critical that distinguish transitions. then present examples three distributions strengths. Our theoretical numerical predictions close agreement, demonstrating weaker interdependence higher levels heterogeneity enhance attack.
Language: Английский