Molecules,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
27(24), P. 8889 - 8889
Published: Dec. 14, 2022
The
conversion
of
lignocellulosic
biomass
by
pyrolysis
or
hydrothermal
liquefaction
gives
access
to
a
wide
variety
molecules
that
can
be
used
as
fuel
building
blocks
in
the
chemical
industry.
For
such
purposes,
it
is
necessary
obtain
their
detailed
composition
adapt
process,
including
upgrading
steps.
Petroleomics
has
emerged
an
integral
approach
cover
missing
link
investigation
bio-oils
and
linked
products.
It
relies
on
ultra-high-resolution
mass
spectrometry
attempt
unravel
contribution
many
compounds
complex
samples
non-targeted
approach.
most
recent
developments
petroleomics
partially
alter
discriminating
nature
analyses.
However,
peak
referring
one
formula
possibly
hides
forest
isomeric
compounds,
which
may
present
large
diversity
concerning
functions.
This
identification
functions
essential
context
bio-oils.
latest
dedicated
this
analytical
challenge
will
reviewed
discussed,
particularly
integrating
ion
source
features
incorporating
new
steps
workflow.
representativeness
data
obtained
petroleomic
still
important
issue.
Processes,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
8(11), P. 1504 - 1504
Published: Nov. 20, 2020
Asphaltenes,
as
the
heaviest
and
most
polar
fraction
of
petroleum,
have
been
characterized
by
various
analytical
techniques.
A
variety
fractionation
methods
carried
out
to
separate
asphaltenes
into
multiple
subfractions
for
further
investigation,
some
them
important
reference
significance.
The
goal
current
review
article
is
offer
insight
multitudinous
techniques
asphaltene
analysis,
following
an
introduction
with
regard
morphologies
metals
heteroatoms
in
asphaltenes,
well
their
functions
on
aggregation.
Learned
lessons
suggestions
possible
future
work
conclude
present
article.
Mass Spectrometry Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
41(2), P. 352 - 369
Published: Jan. 24, 2021
Owing
to
the
increasing
environmental
and
climate
changes
globally,
there
is
an
interest
in
molecular-level
understanding
of
organic
compound
mixtures,
that
is,
pursuit
complete
detailed
knowledge
chemical
compositions
related
reactions.
Environmental
molecule
including
those
air,
soil,
rivers,
oceans,
have
extremely
complex
heterogeneous
compositions.
For
their
analyses,
ultrahigh-resolution
sub-ppb
level
mass
accuracy,
achievable
using
Fourier-transform
ion
cyclotron
resonance
spectrometry
(FT-ICR
MS),
are
important.
FT-ICR
MS
has
been
successfully
used
analyze
mixtures
such
as
natural,
particulate,
dissolved
matter.
Despite
its
success,
many
limitations
still
need
be
overcome.
Sample
preparation,
ionization,
structural
identification,
chromatographic
separation,
data
interpretation
some
key
areas
focus
numerous
studies.
This
review
describes
developments
analytical
techniques
these
aid
researchers
seeking
start
or
continue
investigations
for
mixtures.
Petroleum Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(5), P. 3612 - 3620
Published: March 4, 2024
Heavy
oil
is
an
important
resource
in
current
petroleum
exploitation,
and
the
chemical
composition
information
of
heavy
crucial
for
revealing
its
viscosity-inducing
mechanism
solving
practical
exploitation
issues.
In
this
study,
techniques
high-temperature
gas
chromatography
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry
equipped
with
electrospray
ionization
source
were
applied
to
reveal
typical
oils
from
western,
central,
eastern
China.
The
results
indicate
that
these
display
significant
variations
their
bulk
properties,
initial
boiling
points
all
above
200
°C.
Utilizing
pre-treatment
ESI
spectrometry,
analysis
molecular
saturated
hydrocarbons,
aromatic
acidic
oxygen
compounds,
sulfur
basic
nitrogen
neutral
compounds
within
was
conducted.
Ultimately,
a
semi-quantitative
achieved
by
integrating
elemental
content.
Shengli-J8
conventional
Shengli
crude
show
lacks
alkanes
low
weight
which
contributes
high
viscosity.
Additionally,
characteristic
sets
different
identified
based
on
composition.
may
provide
valuable
reference
data
establishing
theoretical
models
designing
viscosity-reducing
agents
exploitation.
Energy & Fuels,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
35(5), P. 3808 - 3824
Published: Dec. 29, 2020
Despite
extensive
research,
the
molecular-level
chemical
characterization
of
asphaltenes,
a
highly
aromatic
solubility
fraction
petroleum,
remains
an
analytical
challenge.
This
is
related
to
diverse
problems
in
crude
oil
exploration,
transportation,
and
refining.
Two
asphaltene
architecture
motifs
are
commonly
discussed
literature,
"island"
(single-core)-
"archipelago"
(multicore)-type
structures.
The
thermal
desorption
pyrolysis
behavior
island-
archipelago-enriched
asphaltenes
their
extrography
fractions
was
investigated.
For
this
purpose,
evolved
pattern
investigated
by
analysis
coupled
with
ultrahigh-resolution
mass
spectrometry
(Fourier
transform
ion
cyclotron
resonance
(FT-ICR
MS)).
Soft
atmospheric
pressure
ionization
preserved
molecular
information
emission
profile.
Time-/temperature-resolved
allowed
occluded
material
as
well
building
blocks
during
pyrolysis.
Regarding
thermogravimetric
information,
island-type
enriched
sample
(Wyoming
asphaltenes)
revealed
significantly
higher
coke
residue
after
process
compared
archipelago-type
(Athabasca
asphaltenes).
In
contrast
whole
extrographic
that
phase.
acetone
fraction,
effect
most
abundant
suggests
cooperative
aggregation,
which
persists
at
high
temperatures.
Pyrolysis
bimodal
for
compound
classes,
suggesting
presence
both
each
asphaltene.
double-bond
equivalent
(DBE)
vs
#C
diagrams
profile
specific
compositional
trends:
compounds
DBE
values
short
alkylation
likely
be
originated
from
whereas
species
low
carbon
numbers
derive
asphaltenes.
structural
debate,
serves
additional
technique
supplements
results
obtained
other
techniques,
such
direct
infusion
approaches.
Consistent
on
indicated
fingerprint
visualized
serve
measure
dominance
motif.
Green Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
23(22), P. 8949 - 8963
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Graphical
representation
of
bio-oil
compositions
in
van
Krevelen
diagrams
reveals
reaction
pathways
to
infer
upgrading
routes
that
can
improve
the
economic
potential
biofuels.
Energy & Fuels,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
37(21), P. 16612 - 16628
Published: Oct. 11, 2023
One
of
the
few
similarities
between
petroleum
and
bio-oils
derived
from
biomass
pyrolysis
is
that
they
are
both
complex
organic
mixtures
composed
thousands
distinct
elemental
compositions,
but
oils
uniquely
contain
ultrahigh
oxygen
content
a
more
diverse
collection
chemical
functionalities.
Thus,
their
chemistry
different
fossil
fuels,
advanced
upgrading
strategies
for
coprocessing
such
unique
materials
along
with
conventional
refinery
feeds
will
benefit
comprehensive
knowledge
molecular
composition,
known
as
petroleomics.
The
work
presented
herein
focuses
on
characterization
nonvolatile
species
loblolly
pine
bio-oil
its
hydrotreated
effluents
by
soft
ionization
methods
coupled
to
high-field
Fourier
transform
ion
cyclotron
resonance
mass
spectrometry
(FT-ICR
MS).
Electrospray
(ESI)
facilitates
analysis
polar
oxygen-containing
molecules,
whereas
atmospheric
pressure
(APCI)
enables
access
hydrocarbons.
data
revealed
time-dependent
compositional
changes,
visualized
in
van
Krevelen
diagrams,
highlighted
optimal
catalyst
performance
impacts
fouling
or
deactivation.
Furthermore,
elucidation
features
abundance-weighted
H/C,
O/C,
weight,
aromaticity
facilitated
interpretation
suggested
value-added
likely
produced
upon
concurrent
decrease
content,
aromaticity,
weight
marked
increase
H/C.
temporal
changes
specific
hydrotreatment
reaction
pathways,
including
deoxygenation
hydrogenation,
transalkylation,
cracking
highly
aromatic
lignin-like
oligomers.
detailed
provided
FT-ICR
MS
common
formulas
(those
detected
before
after
upgrading).
Common
hypothetically
recalcitrant
compounds,
which
feature
nature
(low
H/C)
alkyl
deficiency.
Understanding
remaining
species,
critical
future
advances
upgrading.
