Leveraging microtopography to pattern multi-oriented muscle actuators

Biomaterials Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Simple templating of actuators via micro-topographical patterning (STAMP) enables precisely muscle fibers within engineered tissues, enabling fabrication complex multi-oriented architectures such as a biomimetic iris.

Language: Английский

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Taking control: Steering the future of biohybrid robots

Science Robotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(94)

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Innovations in control mechanisms for muscle-powered robots are advancing the sophistication of biohybrid machines.

Language: Английский

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Bioinspired design of a tissue-engineered ray with machine learning

Science Robotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(99)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

In biomimetic design, researchers recreate existing biological structures to form functional devices. For biohybrid robotic swimmers assembled with tissue engineering, this is problematic because most devices operate at different length scales than their naturally occurring counterparts, resulting in reduced performance. To overcome these challenges, here, we demonstrate how machine learning–directed optimization (ML-DO) can be used inform the design of a robot, outperforming other nonlinear techniques, such as Bayesian optimization, selection high-performance geometries. We show approach maximize thrust generated by tissue-engineered mobuliform miniray. This results that swim millimeter scale while more closely preserving natural locomotive scaling laws. Overall, work provides quantitatively rigorous for engineering muscular structure-function relationships an automated fashion.

Language: Английский

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Stopping a Multilayered Co‐Axial Flow in a 3D Printed Microchannel with Cascaded Nozzles

Advanced Materials Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract Three different flow control methods are investigated to stop a multilayered inside 3D‐printed microfluidic channel by bringing the average velocity from >100 mm s −1 below critical of 200 µm within certain delay time t d ≈2 s. A sequence three concentric nozzles is 3D printed (≈75 µm) and embedded serially microchannel (≈200 using two‐photon polymerization method. The device produces structured coaxial four streams with individual layer thicknesses O (10 µm). pressure gradient across fluidic circuit removed, > 2 bar ≈0 bar, measure assess performance stop‐flow methods. During phase, an inhomogeneous inlets resulted in backflow inlet channels lower pressures. capacitance systematically managed minimize dimensionless index ( BFI ) value ≈0.3 (worst case) ≈0.03 (best for total rate ranging 16.8 168 µL min . Finally, best conditions recommended, which minimal ≈ < 0.05.

Language: Английский

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Advancing biohybrid robotics: Innovations in contraction models, control techniques, and applications

Biophysics Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Biohybrid robots have attracted many researchers' attention due to their high flexibility, adaptation ability, and output efficiency. Under electrical, optical, neural stimulations, the biohybrid robot can achieve various movements. However, better understanding more precise control of are strongly needed establish an integrated autonomous robotic system. In this review, we outlined ongoing techniques aiming for contraction model accurate robot. Computational modeling tools help construct bedrock mechanism. Selective control, closed-loop on-board bring new perspectives realize Additionally, applications given indicate future direction in field.

Language: Английский

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AggreBots: configuring CiliaBots through guided, modular tissue aggregation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Ciliated biobots, or CiliaBots, are a class of engineered multicellular tissues that capable self-actuated motility propelled by the motile cilia located on their exterior surface. Correlations have been observed between CiliaBot patterns and morphology distribution. However, precise control these structural parameters to generate desired predictably remains lacking. Here, we developed novel Aggregated (AggreBot) platform producing designer through spatially controlled aggregation epithelial spheroids made from human airway cells (referred as Building Blocks CBBs), yielding AggreBots with configurable geometry distribution active cilia. Guided multi-CBB led production rod-, triangle-, diamond-shaped AggreBots, which consistently effected greater than traditional single-spheroid CiliaBots. Furthermore, CBBs were found maintain internal boundaries post-aggregation combined action pathways controlling cellular fluidity tissue polarity. This boundary fidelity, use immotile due mutations in CCDC39 gene, allowed for generation hybrid precision over coverage cilia, further empowering patterns. Our results demonstrate potential self-propelling biological establishment morphological "levers" alterations can be theoretically planned experimentally verified.

Language: Английский

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Biomolecular Actuators for Soft Robots

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

Biomolecules present promising stimuli-responsive mechanisms to revolutionize soft actuators. Proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids foster specific intermolecular interactions, their boundless sequence design spaces encode precise actuation capabilities. Drawing inspiration from nature, biomolecular actuators harness existing properties meet the needs of diverse applications. This review features that respond a wide variety stimuli drive both user-directed autonomous actuation. We discuss how advances in biomaterial fabrication accelerate prototyping precise, custom actuators, we identify biomolecules with untapped potential. Finally, highlight opportunities for multifunctional reconfigurable improve versatility sustainability next-generation

Language: Английский

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Soft robotics for human health

Device, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(7), P. 100432 - 100432

Published: July 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Leveraging microtopography to pattern multi-oriented muscle actuators

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Abstract Engineering skeletal muscle tissue with precisely defined alignment is of significant importance for applications ranging from drug screening to biohybrid robotics. Aligning 2D contractile monolayers, which are compatible high-content imaging and can be deployed in planar soft robots, typically require micropatterned cues. However, current protocols integrating microscale topographical features extracellular matrix hydrogels expensive microfabrication equipment multi-step procedures involving error-prone manual handling steps. To address this challenge, we present STAMP (Simple Templating Actuators via Micro-topographical Patterning), an easily accessible cost-effective one-step method pattern microtopography various sizes configurations on the surface using reusable 3D printed stamps. We demonstrate that enables controlling mouse human fibers, thus their force-generating axes, without impacting maturation or function. showcase versatility our technique, designed a robot inspired by iris, leverages spatially segregated regions concentric radial fibers control pupil dilation. Optogenetic grown STAMPed iris substrates formed multi-oriented actuator, selective light stimulation was used function including constriction. Computational modeling as active bilayer matched experimental outcomes, robustness designing, fabricating, testing robots capable complex multi-degree-of-freedom motion.

Language: Английский

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Spatiotemporal control of a multilayered co-axial flow in a 3D printed microchannel with cascaded nozzles

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

Abstract Sculpting and stopping multilayered co-flowing streams is challenging due to inhomogeneous pressure distribution within a fluidic circuit composed of multiple interconnected microchannels having variable flow resistances. Here, we have investigated three different control methods effectively stop inside 3D-printed microfluidic channel by bringing the average velocity from >100 mm s -1 below critical 200 µm certain delay time t D ∼2s. Firstly, 3D printed sequence concentric nozzles (∼75 µm) embedded serially microchannel (∼200 using two-photon polymerization (2PP) method. Secondly, used 2PP-based device produce structured coaxial four with individual layer thicknesses O (10 outlet section microchannel. Thirdly, removed gradient across circuit, > 2 bar ∼0 bar, measured assess performance methods. During stop-flow phase, an inlets resulted in backflow inlet channels lower pressures. In investigated, systemically managed capacitance minimize dimensionless index ( BFI ) value ∼0.3 (worst case) ∼0.03 (best for total rate ranging 16.8 µl min 168 . Finally, recommended best conditions, which minimal ∼ 2s < 0.05.

Language: Английский

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