Examination of associations between psychopathy and neural reinforcement sensitivity theory constructs DOI Creative Commons
Ella M. Dickison, Phoebe S.‐H. Neo, Neil McNaughton

et al.

Personality and Mental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 284 - 299

Published: May 16, 2024

Abstract We investigated psychopathy from the neurobiological perspective of reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST). In contrast to previous semantically derived self‐report scales, we operationalised RST systems neurally with evoked electroencephalography (EEG). Participants were a community sample weighted towards externalising psychopathology. compared Carver & White Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS)/Behavioural Approach (BAS) scales EEG responses associated RST's goal conflict (aka ‘behavioural inhibition’), repulsion/outcome ‘fight/flight/freeze’) and attraction ‘approach’). Bivariate correlations multiple regression analysis yielded results generally consistent past literature for associations between BIS/BAS scales. There some differences neural measures RST. With measures, (1) no meaningful observed any system; (2) affective‐interpersonal traits negatively conflict; (3) disinhibition‐behavioural but, unexpectedly, positively outcome conflict. These indicate frontal‐temporal‐limbic circuit dysfunction in as specific domains linked deficits processing, but there was evidence attraction‐related processes.

Language: Английский

A Network Analysis of the Relationship between Dark Triad Traits and Social Media Addiction in Adults DOI
Mengcan Wang, Yue Su,

Shuya Yang

et al.

International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Unveiling the role of honesty-humility in shaping attitudes towards artificial intelligence DOI Creative Commons

Sarah Zabel,

Pamela Pensini, Siegmar Otto

et al.

Personality and Individual Differences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 238, P. 113072 - 113072

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A meta-analysis of childhood maltreatment in relation to psychopathic traits DOI Creative Commons
Corine de Ruiter, Matthias Burghart, Raneesha De Silva

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. e0272704 - e0272704

Published: Aug. 10, 2022

Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by mix of traits belonging to four facets: affective (e.g., callous/lack empathy), interpersonal grandiosity), behavioral instability impulsivity, poor controls), and social deviance juvenile delinquency, criminal versatility). Several scholars have argued that early childhood maltreatment impacts the development psychopathy, although views regarding its role in facets differ. We conducted meta-analysis including 47 studies comprising total 389 effect sizes 12,737 participants, investigate association between psychopathy types child maltreatment: physical abuse, emotional neglect, sexual abuse. found support for moderate link overall as well maltreatment. The abuse was small, but still statistically significant. These associations were stronger antisocial than nearly all Our findings are consistent with recently developed theories on complex trauma severe disorders. Trauma-focused preventive therapeutic interventions can provide further tests trauma-psychopathy hypothesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Psychopathic callousness and perspective taking in pain processing: an ERP study DOI Creative Commons
Victoria Branchadell, Rosario Poy, Pablo Ribes‐Guardiola

et al.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Psychopathy is a multifaceted personality disorder characterized by distinct affective/interpersonal traits, including callousness–unemotionality/meanness, which are often considered the hallmarks of empathic deficits. It has been posited that processing others’ pain could play an important role in empathy capabilities. This study aimed to investigate influence perspective taking on electrocortical responses during relation psychopathic callousness. The late positive potential (LPP) —a well-established electrophysiological indicator sustained attention motivationally significant stimuli— was measured while 100 female undergraduates viewed images depicting bodily injuries adopting imagine–self or imagine–other perspective. Callousness factor scores —computed as regression-based component from EFA three relevant self-report measures this dimension— predicted reduced LPP amplitudes pictures under (but not imagine–self) perspective, even after controlling for other conditions. result suggests high-callous individuals exhibit diminished brain responsiveness distress, potentially contributing deficits observed psychopathy. finding highlights usefulness and studies refine our understanding low characteristics psychopathy biobehavioral terms.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
The links of subjective and psychological well‐being with the Dark Triad traits: A meta‐analysis DOI Creative Commons
Ana Blasco‐Belled, Claudia Tejada‐Gallardo, Carles Alsinet Mora

et al.

Journal of Personality, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92(2), P. 584 - 600

Published: May 30, 2023

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the specific links that Dark Triad traits have with subjective and psychological well‐being through a meta‐analysis existing literature. Background Over past few years, associations between been stimulating but understudied topic in personality research. Method: Cross‐sectional, correlational studies examining these relationships were searched PsycINFO, PubMed, Web Science databases. Meta‐analyses performed at dimension‐ facet‐level account for multidimensional structure traits. Results A total 55 included ( n = 26,252). In general, grandiose narcissism boldness/dominance related higher well‐being, while vulnerable narcissism, antagonism, disinhibition, Machiavellianism lower levels well‐being. Age gender moderated associations. Conclusions We recommend including measures as an essential step move field forward.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Unmasking the Dark Triad: A Data Fusion Machine Learning Approach to Characterize the Neural Bases of Narcissistic, Machiavellian and Psychopathic Traits DOI Creative Commons
Richard Bakiaj,

Clara Isabel Pantoja Muñoz,

Andrea Bizzego

et al.

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The Dark Triad (DT), encompassing narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy traits, poses significant societal challenges. Understanding the neural underpinnings of these traits is crucial for developing effective interventions preventive strategies. Our study aimed to unveil substrates DT by examining brain scans from 201 individuals (mean age: 32.43, 105 females) using unsupervised learning algorithm transposed independent vector analysis (tIVA). tIVA, known identifying complex patterns in neuroimaging data, detected 15 joint grey matter (GM) white (WM) networks. Of networks, four were associated with DT. first component comprises areas within reward network, including thalamus, caudate, anterior cingulate prefrontal regions. second encompasses regions executive predominantly involving posterior areas. third includes default mode network (DMN), such as angular gyrus, precuneus cortex. Lastly, fourth overlaps visual primarily located occipital temporal lobes. Within reward‐related correlated suggesting an association need constant interpersonal rewards enhance self‐esteem grandiosity narcissistic individuals. Conversely, DM‐related Machiavellianism, potentially reflecting heightened strategic thinking employed Machiavellian manipulation purposes. In line established trends, sex differences emerged, males displaying notably higher scores. findings offer insights into intricate neurobiological bases personality hold implications future research interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Meanness and deficits in facial affect processing: evidence from the N170 DOI Creative Commons
Victoria Branchadell, Pilar Arnau i Segarra, Rosario Poy

et al.

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 108999 - 108999

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Opposing Relations of Reward Positivity With Anhedonia and Threat Sensitivity: Implications for Differential Dimensional Diagnosis DOI Creative Commons
Colin B. Bowyer, Pablo Ribes‐Guardiola, Keanan J. Joyner

et al.

Clinical Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Given the substantial symptom overlap between anxiety and depressive disorders, researchers have sought to develop approaches for better differentiating these subdimensions of internalizing psychopathology. Neurophysiological indices biobehavioral processes specific either subdimension may provide a means doing so. Here, we report evidence opposing associations well-established neural indicator reward responsiveness—the positivity (RewP)—with trait phobic-fear pathology. Furthermore, relationships were strengthened when controlling their shared variance via regression modeling. In addition, structural equation modeling revealed that broad negative affectivity reflected two indices. Our findings point potential use reduced RewP improve differential diagnosis versus conditions. They also indicate conditions types operate obscure observed with indicators core unique each.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
How can qualitative in-depth interviews optimize cross-cultural measurement of academic resilience? DOI Creative Commons
Tian Liu,

Song Ching Fan,

Xin Jiang

et al.

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 20, 2025

This study explores how qualitative in-depth interviews can optimize the measurement of academic resilience across cultures, addressing challenges faced by Chinese university students in setbacks. Employing a mixed-methods approach, we conducted analyzed through grounded theory using Nvivo 14 and developed scale for among students. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) IBM SPSS AMOS 28 were performed to validate scale’s psychometric properties. The findings reveal that exhibit unique cultural traits coping with setbacks, such as face-saving concerns, guilt, self-blame, preference stability. Their strategies involve self-reflection, cognitive restructuring, external support seeking, shaped influences. University Students’ Academic Setback Resilience Scale (CUSASRS) comprises dimensions proactive strategies, learning engagement, perceptions adversity, offering comprehensive representation psychological behavioral responses. contributes understanding influences on provides empirical evidence design intervention strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Threat Sensitivity and Fear-Based Forms of Human Psychopathology DOI
Christopher J. Patrick,

James R. Yancey

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0