Emergent phenomena in chiral active matter DOI Creative Commons
Joscha Mecke,

James Obed Nketsiah,

Ruiyao Li

et al.

National Science Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(4), P. 20230086 - 20230086

Published: April 1, 2024

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the study of chiral active materials, which consist building blocks that show dynamics featuring symmetry breaking, e.g., particles rotate a common direction. These materials exhibit fascinating phenomena such as odd viscosity, di usivity, turbulence fluids, vivid dislocation or elasticity crystals elastic and hyperuniform states. The systematic soft matter systems is relatively new, starting around 2017, but already shown promising applications robust cargo transport, segregation mixing dynamics, manipulation metamaterials. this review, we summarize experimental theoretical advances field, highlighting emergence anti-symmetric stresses ensuring effects viscosity topologically protected edge modes. We further discuss underlying mechanisms provide insights into potential for various applications.

Language: Английский

Biomaterials and Encapsulation Techniques for Probiotics: Current Status and Future Prospects in Biomedical Applications DOI Creative Commons
Qiqi Sun,

Sheng Yin,

Yingxu He

et al.

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(15), P. 2185 - 2185

Published: July 27, 2023

Probiotics have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their potential advantages diverse biomedical applications, such as acting antimicrobial agents, aiding tissue repair, and treating diseases. These live bacteria must exist appropriate quantities precise locations exert beneficial effects. However, viability activity can be significantly impacted by the surrounding tissue, posing a challenge maintain stability target location for an extended duration. To counter this, researchers formulated various strategies that enhance of probiotics encapsulating them within biomaterials. This approach enables site-specific release, overcoming technical impediments encountered during processing application probiotics. A range materials utilized probiotics, several methods employed this encapsulation process. article reviews advancements encapsulated biomaterials, examining materials, methods, effects encapsulation. It also provides overview hurdles faced currently available biomaterial-based probiotic capsules suggests future research directions field. Despite progress achieved date, numerous challenges persist, necessity developing efficient, reproducible Furthermore, there is need design more robust targeted delivery vehicles.

Language: Английский

Citations

58
Topological phononic metamaterials DOI
Weiwei Zhu, Weiyin Deng, Yang Liu

et al.

Reports on Progress in Physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 86(10), P. 106501 - 106501

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

The concept of topological energy bands and their manifestations have been demonstrated in condensed matter systems as a fantastic paradigm toward unprecedented physical phenomena properties that are robust against disorders. Recent years, this was extended to phononic metamaterials (including mechanical acoustic metamaterials), giving rise the discovery remarkable were not observed elsewhere thanks extraordinary controllability tunability well versatile measuring techniques. These include, but limited to, negative refraction, 'sasers' (i.e. analog lasers), higher-order insulating states, non-Abelian phases, Weyl semimetal Majorana-like modes Dirac vortex structures fragile phases with spectral flows. Here we review developments field from both theoretical experimental perspectives emphasis on underlying physics principles. To give broad view phononics, also discuss synergy non-Hermitian effects cover topics including synthetic dimensions, artificial gauge fields, Floquet acoustics, bulk transport, pumping, active matters potential applications, materials fabrications measurements metamaterials. Finally, challenges, opportunities future intriguing its impact science.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
Wave Manipulation in Intelligent Metamaterials: Recent Progress and Prospects DOI
Bin Wu, Wei Jiang, Jiaqing Jiang

et al.

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(29)

Published: March 11, 2024

Abstract Metamaterials (MMs), which include phononic crystals (PCs) as a particular type, exhibit anomalous wave propagation properties through artificial design of topologies or lattice forms unit‐cells. Recent advancements in MMs signify an ascendant research trend, providing promising ideas and means for unprecedented properties. The imperative on‐demand, real‐time active control underscores the significance tunable manipulation acoustic/elastic waves, promoting development MMs. Furthermore, versatility intelligent materials their ongoing innovation contribute significantly to emergence diverse This comprehensive survey provides overview recent current trends interdisciplinary field with electro‐/magneto‐mechanical couplings. primary objective review is emphasize significant progress agile waves coupled MMs, followed by in‐depth exploration metasurfaces, topological non‐Hermitian parity‐time symmetric systems, odd elastic spatiotemporally modulated Special emphasis given multi‐field coupling effects. concludes summary outlines potential prospects, offering timely informative guide future studies on actively PCs practical engineering applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
Pattern formation by turbulent cascades DOI Creative Commons
Xander M. de Wit,

Michel Fruchart,

Tali Khain

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 627(8004), P. 515 - 521

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract Fully developed turbulence is a universal and scale-invariant chaotic state characterized by an energy cascade from large to small scales at which the eventually arrested dissipation 1–6 . Here we show how harness these seemingly structureless turbulent cascades generate patterns. Pattern formation entails process of wavelength selection, can usually be traced linear instability homogeneous 7 By contrast, mechanism propose here fully nonlinear. It triggered non-dissipative arrest cascades: piles up intermediate scale, neither system size nor smallest dissipated. Using combination theory large-scale simulations, that tunable cascade-induced patterns set transport coefficient called odd viscosity, ubiquitous in chiral fluids ranging bioactive quantum systems 8–12 Odd acts as scale-dependent Coriolis-like force, leads two-dimensionalization flow scales, contrast with rotating occurs 4 Apart viscosity fluids, discuss arise natural systems, including atmospheric flows 13–19 , stellar plasma such solar wind 20–22 or pulverization coagulation objects droplets mass rather than 23–25

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Nonreciprocal Ising Model DOI
Yael Avni,

Michel Fruchart,

D.G. Martin

et al.

Physical Review Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 134(11)

Published: March 21, 2025

Systems with nonreciprocal interactions generically display time-dependent states. These are routinely observed in finite systems, from neuroscience to active matter, which globally ordered oscillations exist. However, the stability of these uniform phases noisy spatially-extended their fate thermodynamic limit, and critical behavior corresponding phase transitions not fully understood. Here, we address questions by introducing a generalization Ising model study its means numerical analytical approaches. While mean-field equations predict three stable homogeneous (disordered, ordered, swap phase), our large scale simulations reveal more complex picture. Static order is destroyed any dimension due growth rare droplets unless symmetry between two spin types broken, triggering stabilizing droplet-capture mechanism. The fluctuations dimensions through proliferation spiral defects but stabilized dimensions, where nonreciprocity changes exponents XY, thus giving rise robust spatially-distributed clock.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Metareview: a survey of active matter reviews DOI Creative Commons
Michael te Vrugt, Raphael Wittkowski

The European Physical Journal E, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 48(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

In the past years, amount of research on active matter has grown extremely rapidly, a fact that is reflected in particular by existence more than 1000 reviews this topic. Moreover, field become very diverse, ranging from theoretical studies statistical mechanics particles to applied work medical applications microrobots and biological systems artificial swimmers. This makes it difficult get an overview over as whole. Here, we provide such form metareview article surveys existing review articles books matter. Thereby, provides useful starting point for finding literature about specific

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Oscillatory Force Autocorrelations in Equilibrium Odd-Diffusive Systems DOI
Erik Kalz, Hidde Derk Vuijk, Jens‐Uwe Sommer

et al.

Physical Review Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132(5)

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

The force autocorrelation function (FACF), a concept of fundamental interest in statistical mechanics, encodes the effect interactions on dynamics tagged particle. In equilibrium, FACF is believed to decay monotonically time, which signature slowing down particle due interactions. Here, we analytically show that odd-diffusive systems, are characterized by diffusion tensor with antisymmetric elements, can become negative and even exhibit temporal oscillations. We also demonstrate that, despite isotropy, knowledge alone not sufficient describe dynamics: full required contains an part. These unusual properties translate into enhanced quantified via self-diffusion coefficient remarkably, increases

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Self-reverting vortices in chiral active matter DOI Creative Commons
Lorenzo Caprini, Benno Liebchen, Hartmut Löwen

et al.

Communications Physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: May 11, 2024

Abstract There is currently a strong interest in the collective behavior of chiral active particles that can propel and rotate themselves. In presence alignment interactions for many particles, self-propulsion induce vortex patterns velocity fields. However, these emerging are non-permanent, do not global vorticity. Here we combine theoretical arguments computer simulations to predict so-far unknown class behavior. We show that, vortices with significant dynamical coherence emerge spontaneously. They originate from interplay between attraction chirality absence interactions. Depending on parameters, either feature constant vorticity or oscillates periodically time, resulting self-reverting vortices. Our results may guide future experiments realize customized phenomena such as spontaneously rotating gears order.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Programming tunable active dynamics in a self-propelled robot DOI
Somnath Paramanick, A. Pal, Harsh Soni

et al.

The European Physical Journal E, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Dissipative Effects in Odd Viscous Stokes Flow around a Single Sphere DOI
Jeffrey C. Everts, B. Cichocki

Physical Review Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132(21)

Published: May 24, 2024

Odd viscosity (OV) is a transport coefficient in, for example, fluids of self-spinning (active) particles or electrons in an external magnetic field. The key feature OV that it does not contribute to dissipation two spatial dimensions. In contrast, we explicitly show the three-dimensional case, can indirectly by modifying fluid flow. We quantify rate single spherical particle moving through with via exact analytical solution generalized stationary creeping flow equations. Our results provide novel way effects measuring solid-body motion particle. Moreover, demonstrate how complex be designed terms their rheological properties mixing passive active particles.

Language: Английский

Citations

11