A global meta‐analysis of the relative extent of intraspecific trait variation in plant communities

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 18(12), P. 1406 - 1419

Published: Sept. 28, 2015

Abstract Recent studies have shown that accounting for intraspecific trait variation ( ITV ) may better address major questions in community ecology. However, a general picture of the relative extent compared to interspecific plant communities is still missing. Here, we conducted meta‐analysis within and among worldwide, using data set encompassing 629 (plots) 36 functional traits. Overall, accounted 25% total 32% on average. The tended be greater whole‐plant (e.g. height) vs. organ‐level traits leaf chemical N P concentration) morphological area thickness) amount decreased with increasing species richness spatial extent, but did not vary growth form or climate. These results highlight global patterns importance communities, providing practical guidelines when researchers should include trait‐based ecosystem studies.

Language: Английский

---

Ecological genomics meets community‐level modelling of biodiversity: mapping the genomic landscape of current and future environmental adaptation

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 1 - 16

Published: Sept. 30, 2014

Local adaptation is a central feature of most species occupying spatially heterogeneous environments, and may factor critically in responses to environmental change. However, efforts model the response climate change ignore intraspecific variation due local adaptation. Here, we present new perspective on spatial modelling organism-environment relationships that combines genomic data community-level develop scenarios regarding geographic distribution Rather than within communities, use these techniques large numbers loci across genomes. Using balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) as case study, demonstrate how our framework can accommodate nonlinear gradients. We identify threshold temperature circadian clock gene GIGANTEA-5 (GI5), suggesting this has experienced strong temperature. also methods map ecological from data, including identification predicted differences genetic composition populations under current future climates. Community-level represents an important advance landscape genomics biodiversity moves beyond species-level assessments vulnerability.

Language: Английский

---

Phylogenetic diversity and nature conservation: where are we?

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 28(4), P. 199 - 204

Published: Dec. 4, 2012

Language: Английский

---

When and how should intraspecific variability be considered in trait-based plant ecology?

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 217 - 225

Published: June 25, 2011

Language: Английский

---

Functional over-redundancy and high functional vulnerability in global fish faunas on tropical reefs

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 111(38), P. 13757 - 13762

Published: Sept. 15, 2014

Significance Our results indicate that, even in highly diverse systems like coral reefs, we can no longer assume that the erosion of species diversity be discounted by high probability functional redundancy: i.e., several support same function. Indeed, show fish tend to disproportionately pack into a few particular functions while leaving many vulnerable, they are supported just one species. Even Coral Triangle, which has concentration tropical-reef fishes, may experience loss following fisheries pressure and local extirpation. suggest promised benefits insurance from not as strong once hoped.

Language: Английский

---

Terrestrial Ecosystem Responses to Species Gains and Losses

Science, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 332(6035), P. 1273 - 1277

Published: June 10, 2011

Ecosystems worldwide are losing some species and gaining others, resulting in an interchange of that is having profound impacts on how these ecosystems function. However, research the effects gains losses has developed largely independently one another. Recent conceptual advances regarding gain have arisen from studies unraveled mechanistic basis invading with novel traits alter biotic interactions ecosystem processes. In contrast, associated loss fewer, much remains unknown about predispose to extinction affect ecological Species both consequences drivers global change; thus, explicit integration processes simultaneously functioning key determining response Earth system current future human activities.

Language: Английский

---

Ecophylogenetics: advances and perspectives

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 87(4), P. 769 - 785

Published: March 20, 2012

Ecophylogenetics can be viewed as an emerging fusion of ecology, biogeography and macroevolution. This new fast‐growing field is promoting the incorporation evolution historical contingencies into ecological research agenda through widespread use phylogenetic data. Including phylogeny thinking represents opportunity for biologists from different fields to collaborate has provided promising avenues in both theoretical empirical towards a better understanding assembly communities, functioning ecosystems their responses environmental changes. The time ripe assess critically extent which integration these ecology delivered on its promise. Here we review how information been used identify key components species interactions with biotic abiotic environments, determine relationships between diversity ecosystem ultimately establish good management practices protect overall biodiversity face global change. We evaluate relevance by phylogenies ecologists, highlighting current potential weaknesses needs future developments. suggest that despite strong progress made, consistent unified framework still missing link local dynamics necessary step order interpret observed patterns wider context. Beyond fundamental question evolutionary history contributes shape ecophylogenetics will help become integrative predictive science.

Language: Английский

---

Vulnerability of biodiversity hotspots to global change

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 1376 - 1386

Published: Sept. 13, 2014

Abstract Aim Global changes are predicted to have severe consequences for biodiversity; 34 biodiversity hotspots become international priorities conservation, with important efforts allocated their preservation, but the potential effects of global on so far received relatively little attention. We investigate whether quantitatively and qualitatively threatened same order magnitude by combined changes. Location Worldwide, in hotspots. Methods quantify (1) exposure climate change, estimating novelty future climates disappearance extant using dissimilarity analyses, (2) each hotspot's vulnerability land modification degradation quantifying land‐cover variables over entire habitat, (3) suitability distribution ranges ‘100 world's worst invasive alien species’, characterizing land‐use these species. Results Our findings show that may experience an average loss 31% area under analogue climate, some more affected than others (e.g. P olynesia– M icronesia). The greatest change was projected low‐latitude were suitable 17% considered Hotspots mainly islands or groups disproportionally a high number species both currently future. also showed will increase pasture Finally, combining three threats, we identified A tlantic forest, C ape F loristic R egion icronesia as particularly vulnerable Main conclusions Given our estimates hotspot changes, close monitoring is now required evaluate responses test projections against observations.

Language: Английский

---

Geographic variation in genetic and demographic performance: new insights from an old biogeographical paradigm

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 92(4), P. 1877 - 1909

Published: Nov. 27, 2016

The 'centre-periphery hypothesis' (CPH) is a long-standing postulate in ecology that states genetic variation and demographic performance of species decrease from the centre to edge its geographic range. This hypothesis based on an assumed concordance between geographical peripherality ecological marginality such environmental conditions become harsher towards limits In this way, CPH sets stage for understanding causes distribution limits. To date, no study has examined conjointly consistency these postulates. extensive literature review we discuss birth development provide assessment by reviewing 248 empirical studies context three main themes. First, occurrence their range was observed 81% studies, while only 51% demonstrated reduced abundance individuals. A decline variation, increased differentiation among populations higher rates inbreeding were roughly one two (47, 45 48%, respectively). However, rates, size population less often followed expectations (20-30% studies). We highlight impact important methodological, taxonomic, biogeographical biases validation rates. Second, found gradients are not systematically concordant, which casts doubt reliability assumption CPH. Finally, attempt disentangle relative contribution geographical, historical processes spatial parameters. While explain species' better than gradients, contemporary factors may contribute interactively patterns variation. thereby propose framework integrates niche characteristics together with current past structure investigate across ranges.

Language: Английский

---

Competitive interactions between forest trees are driven by species' trait hierarchy, not phylogenetic or functional similarity: implications for forest community assembly

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 831 - 840

Published: May 24, 2012

Abstract The relative importance of competition vs. environmental filtering in the assembly communities is commonly inferred from their functional and phylogenetic structure, on grounds that similar species compete most strongly for resources are therefore less likely to coexist locally. This approach ignores possibility competitive effects can be determined by positions a hierarchy ability. Using growth data, we estimated 275 interaction coefficients between tree French mountains. We show strengths mainly driven trait not or similarity. On basis this result, thus propose convergence local community might due competition‐sorting with different abilities only as assumed. then forest structure increasing plot age, which supports view.

Language: Английский

---