Copper sulfate treatment harms zooplankton and ultimately promotes algal blooms: a field mesocosm experiment

Harmful Algae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 142, P. 102800 - 102800

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Excess nutrient loading often promotes harmful algal blooms. Despite many past studies, few bloom control methods show clear, long-term improvements in water quality. For example, chemical treatments are used to blooms because they can cause large, rapid declines abundance. However, these effects transient requiring future that increase costs and risks Moreover, empirical tests of repeated applications or combinations different rare, even with their common use across industries, like aquaculture drinking water. To rigorously test the single combined on quality a eutrophic pond, copper sulfate pentahydrate (henceforth called copper) Phoslock were independently (full dose) (each at half 56-day field experiment conducted hypereutrophic pond. The two copper-containing caused (-83%) abundance day after treatment followed by very large (2,617%) increases another five days. In contrast, zooplankton reduced 43% but minimally affected (+1%) application. further is mechanism responsible for negative phytoplankton, mesocosms all four treated full dose 13 similar phytoplankton observed as when was initially applied. more effective controlling than only treatment, part, lesser zooplankton. Overall, this highlights long-term, treatments, copper, have non-target taxa, such beneficial zooplankton, which limits potential ecological sustainable

Language: Английский

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Adapting to an increasingly stressful environment: Experimental evidence for ‘micro‐evolutionary priming’

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Abstract In many natural systems, animal populations are exposed to increasing levels of stress. Stress tend fluctuate, and long‐term increases in average stress often accompanied by greater amplitudes such fluctuations. Micro‐evolutionary adaptation may allow cope with gradually but not prevent their extirpation during acute events unless low also tolerance We tested this idea, here called ‘micro‐evolutionary priming’, exposing the monogonont rotifer species Brachionus calyciflorus four copper (control, low, intermediate high) a multigenerational selection experiment. Subsequently, common garden experiment, we randomly selected subsets genotypes (clones) each these high assessed population growth performance across multiple generations. Compared an exposure history copper, control suffered strong reductions when mainly as result mortality rates. Remarkably, levels, fitness differences between adapted were very small, whereas latter strongly outperformed former at levels. These results highlight potentially hitherto largely ignored impact micro‐evolutionary priming on changing environment. discuss potential consequences for persistence spatial eco‐evolutionary dynamics metapopulations.

Language: Английский

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Opportunities to advance the synthesis of ecology and evolution

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(S1)

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Despite decades of research on the interactions between ecology and evolution, opportunities still remain to further integrate two disciplines, especially when considering multispecies systems. Here, we discuss such opportunities. First, traditional emphasis distinction evolutionary ecological processes should be relaxed as it is particularly unhelpful in study microbial communities, where very notion species hard define. Second, key theory adaptation exported hierarchical levels higher than populations make sense biodiversity dynamics. Together, argue that broadening our perspective eco-evolutionary dynamics more inclusive all biodiversity, both phylogenetically hierarchically, will open up fertile new directions help us address one major scientific challenges time, is, understand predict changes face rapid environmental change.

Language: Английский

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Hierarchical eco-evo dynamics mediated by the gut microbiome

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(2), P. 165 - 174

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

The concept of eco-evolutionary (eco-evo) dynamics, stating that ecological and evolutionary processes occur at similar time scales influence each other, has contributed to our understanding responses populations, communities, ecosystems environmental change. Phenotypes, central these eco-evo processes, can be strongly impacted by the gut microbiome. microbiome shapes dynamics in host community through its effects on phenotype. Complex feedback loops between communities might thus common. Bottom-up when interactions shaping affect phenotypes with consequences population, community, ecosystem levels. Top-down structure

Language: Английский

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Integrating ecological feedbacks across scales and levels of organization

Ecography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 30, 2024

In ecosystems, species interact in various ways with other species, and their local environment. addition, ecosystems are coupled space by diverse types of flows. From these links connecting different ecological entities can emerge circular pathways indirect effects: feedback loops. This contributes to creating a nested set feedbacks operating at organizational levels as well spatial temporal scales systems: organisms modifying being affected abiotic environment, demographic behavioral within populations communities, occurring the landscape scale. Here, we review how vary time, discuss emergent properties they generate such coexistence or heterogeneity stability systems. With aim identifying similarities across scales, identify biotic modulators that change sign strength loops show time. Our shows despite acting emerging from processes, similar macroscopic systems organization. Ultimately, our contribution emphasizes need integrate improve understanding joint effects on dynamics, patterns,

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary ecology of dispersal in biodiverse spatially structured systems: what is old and what is new?

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1907)

Published: June 24, 2024

Dispersal is a well-recognized driver of ecological and evolutionary dynamics, simultaneously an evolving trait. evolution has traditionally been studied in single-species metapopulations so that it remains unclear how dispersal evolves metacommunities metafoodwebs, which are characterized by multitude species interactions. Since most natural systems both species-rich spatially structured, this knowledge gap should be bridged. Here, we discuss whether from ecology established holds metafoodwebs highlight generally valid fundamental principles. Most biotic interactions form the backdrop to theatre for play because mediate patterns fitness expectations across space time. While allows simple transposition certain known principles multispecies context, other drivers may require more complex transpositions, or might not transferred. We important quantitative modulator evolution—increased trait dimensionality biodiverse meta-systems—and additional driver: co-dispersal. speculate scale selection pressure mismatches owing co-dispersal, together with increased dimensionality, lead slower ‘diffuse’ meta-systems. Open questions potential consequences terms call investigation. This article part theme issue 'Diversity-dependence dispersal: interspecific determine spatial dynamics'.

Language: Английский

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Investigating eco-evolutionary processes of microbial community assembly in the wild using a model leaf litter system

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Microbial communities are not the easiest to manipulate experimentally in natural ecosystems. However, leaf litter—topmost layer of surface soil—is uniquely suitable investigate complexities community assembly. Here, we reflect on over a decade collaborative work address this topic using litter as model system Southern California By leveraging number methodological advantages system, have worked demonstrate how four processes—selection, dispersal, drift, and diversification—contribute bacterial fungal assembly ultimately impact functioning. Although many dimensions remain be investigated, our initial results that both ecological evolutionary processes occur simultaneously influence microbial We propose development additional tractable systems will enormously valuable test role eco-evolutionary settings their implications face rapid global change.

Language: Английский

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Assembly processes of rare and abundant taxa are closely related to the bacterial and fungal functionality during desert vegetation reestablishment

Pedosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Dispersal evolution alters evolution-mediated priority effects in a metacommunity

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1907)

Published: June 24, 2024

Biologists have long sought to predict the distribution of species across landscapes understand biodiversity patterns and dynamics. These efforts usually integrate ecological niche dispersal dynamics, but evolution can also mediate these Species that disperse well arrive early might adapt local conditions, which creates an evolution-mediated priority effect alters patterns. Yet, is a trait evolve affect effects. We developed individual-based model where populations competing not only environments different probabilities. found lower regional diversity selects for with higher probabilities stronger When all evolved dispersal, they monopolized fewer patches did so at same rates. one it than highly dispersive habitats once freed from maladaptive gene flow. Overall, we demonstrate shape effects when provided greater opportunity in species-poor communities. Dispersal- probably play roles regions like upper latitudes, isolated islands changing environments. This article part theme issue 'Diversity-dependence dispersal: interspecific interactions determine spatial dynamics'.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary emergence of alternative stable states in shallow lakes

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 692 - 705

Published: March 9, 2023

Ecosystems under stress may respond abruptly and irreversibly through tipping points. Although mechanisms leading to alternative stable states are much studied, little is known about how such ecosystems could have emerged in the first place. We investigate whether evolution by natural selection along resource gradients leads bistability, using shallow lakes as an example. There, points occur between two dominated either submersed or floating macrophytes depending on nutrient loading. model of macrophyte depth lake, identify conditions which ancestor population diversifies different phenotypes occur. find that eco-evolutionary dynamics lead states, but restrictive conditions. Such require sufficient asymmetries acquisition both light nutrient. Our analysis suggests competitive opposing allow bistability emerge selection.

Language: Английский

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