General Resilience to Cope with Extreme Events

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 4(12), P. 3248 - 3259

Published: Nov. 28, 2012

Resilience to specified kinds of disasters is an active area research and practice. However, rare or unprecedented disturbances that are unusually intense extensive require a more broad-spectrum type resilience. General resilience the capacity social-ecological systems adapt transform in response unfamiliar, unexpected extreme shocks. Conditions enable general include diversity, modularity, openness, reserves, feedbacks, nestedness, monitoring, leadership, trust. Processes for building emerging crucially important research.

Language: Английский

---

Increasing Crop Diversity Mitigates Weather Variations and Improves Yield Stability

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. e0113261 - e0113261

Published: Feb. 6, 2015

Cropping sequence diversification provides a systems approach to reduce yield variations and improve resilience multiple environmental stresses. Yield advantages of more diverse crop rotations their synergistic effects with reduced tillage are well documented, but few studies have quantified the impact these management practices on yields stability when soil moisture is limiting or in excess. Using weather data obtained from 31-year long term rotation trial Ontario, we tested whether diversity associated greater abnormal conditions occur. We used parametric non-parametric approaches quantify (monocrop, 2-crops, 3-crops without one two legume cover crops) (conventional tillage) probabilities benefits under different temperature scenarios. Although magnitude varied crops, patterns tillage, significantly increased corn soybean were integrated into rotations. Introducing small grains short corn-soybean was enough provide substantial long-term while mostly temporal niche provided by for underseeded red clover alfalfa. Crop strategies probability harnessing favorable growing decreasing risk failure. In hot dry years, 7% 22% respectively. Given additional cropping system diversification, such strategy comprehensive lowering variability improving This could help sustain future levels challenging production environments.

Language: Английский

---

Environmental Governance for the Anthropocene? Social-Ecological Systems, Resilience, and Collaborative Learning

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 1232 - 1232

Published: July 13, 2017

The Anthropocene is characterized by rapid global change, necessitating adaptive governance. But how can such governance be operationalized? article offers a three-point argument to approach this question. First, people and environment need considered together, as social (human) ecological (biophysical) subsystems are linked mutual feedbacks, interdependent co-evolutionary. These integrated systems of humans (social-ecological systems) provide an appropriate unit analysis. Second, the resilience deals with change in multilevel complex systems, has stimulated much literature addressing uncertainty adaptation unforeseen future changes. Third, there foster collaborative approaches improve institutional learning, for example management, learning networks, knowledge co-production. Collaborative perhaps where further research, experimentation, application might make difference operationalizing governance, focus on institutions, at all levels from local international.

Language: Английский

---

Social-ecological systems, social diversity, and power: insights from anthropology and political ecology

Ecology and Society, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 19(4)

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

A social-ecological system (SES) framework increasingly underpins the "resilience paradigm."As with all models, SES comes particular biases.We explore these key critically examine how resilience literature has attempted to define and analyze social arena.We argue that much defines people's interests livelihoods as concerned primarily environment, thereby underplays role of other motivations institutions.We also highlight literature's focus on institutions organized units, which misses aspects diversity power.Our premise is importance inter-and multi-disciplinary perspectives.To illustrate this, we draw attention critique earlier ecological anthropology remains relevant for current conceptualizations SESs, focusing concepts power.And discuss insights from political ecology have responded this develop different ways incorporating power into human-environment relations.Finally, science perspectives can help improve understanding "social" in research.

Language: Английский

---

Building urban resilience with nature-based solutions: How can urban planning contribute?

Cities, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 95, P. 102483 - 102483

Published: Oct. 24, 2019

Cities face increasing environmental, social and economic challenges that together threaten the resilience of urban areas residents who live work there. These include chronic stresses acute shocks, amplified by climate change impacts. Nature-based solutions have emerged as a concept for integrating ecosystem-based approaches to address range societal challenges. directly contribute increased resilience. However, implementing nature-based is inherently complex, given ecosystem services, their multi-functionality trade-offs between functions, across temporal spatial scales. Urban planning can play substantial role support implementation manage conflicts, well how equity dimensions are considered. This paper presents framework guides application solutions' implementation, addressing key temporal, spatial, functional aspects. The highlights questions, supporting information required these underpin inclusion We find while substantially, there continuing gaps in anthropocentric processes give voice non-human nature.

Language: Английский

---