Characterization and engineering of a plastic-degrading aromatic polyesterase

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 115(19)

Published: April 17, 2018

Significance Synthetic polymers are ubiquitous in the modern world but pose a global environmental problem. While plastics such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) highly versatile, their resistance to natural degradation presents serious, growing risk fauna and flora, particularly marine environments. Here, we have characterized 3D structure of newly discovered enzyme that can digest crystalline PET, primary material used manufacture single-use plastic beverage bottles, some clothing, carpets. We engineer this for improved PET capacity further demonstrate it also degrade an important replacement, polyethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate, providing new opportunities biobased recycling.

Language: Английский

---

Bioavailability and effects of microplastics on marine zooplankton: A review

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 245, P. 98 - 110

Published: Oct. 17, 2018

Microplastics are abundant and widespread in the marine environment. They a contaminant of global environmental economic concern. Due to their small size wide range species, including zooplankton can ingest them. Research has shown that microplastics readily ingested by several taxa, with associated negative impacts on biological processes. Zooplankton is crucial food source for many secondary consumers, consequently this represents route whereby microplastic could enter web transfer up trophic levels. In review we aim to: 1) evaluate current knowledge base regarding ingestion both laboratory field; 2) summarise factors which contribute bioavailability zooplankton. Current literature shows been recorded 39 species from 28 taxonomic orders holo- meroplanktonic species. The majority studies occurred under conditions effects were reported ten (45%) demonstrating feeding behaviour, growth, development, reproduction lifespan. contrast, three (14%) no ingestion. Several physical influence zooplankton, such as size, shape, age abundance. We identified used experiments often different those quantified environment, particularly terms concentration, type age. therefore suggest future research should include more representative found environment at relevant concentrations. Additionally, investigating broader life stages, will help answer key gaps effect recruitment, populations ultimately consequences shell- finfish stocks.

Language: Английский

---

The Chinese import ban and its impact on global plastic waste trade

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 4(6)

Published: June 1, 2018

For decades China imported much of the world’s plastic waste; but a recent import ban requires new ideas and systemic change.

Language: Английский

---

Machine learning-aided engineering of hydrolases for PET depolymerization

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 604(7907), P. 662 - 667

Published: April 27, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Distribution of plastic polymer types in the marine environment; A meta-analysis

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 369, P. 691 - 698

Published: Feb. 22, 2019

Despite growing plastic discharge into the environment, researchers have struggled to detect expected increases of marine debris in sea surfaces, sparking discussions about "missing plastics" and final sinks, which are hypothesized be coastal deep-sea sediments. While it holds true that highest concentrations particles found these locations (103-104 m−3 sediments vs. 0.1–1 water column), our meta-analysis also highlights open oceans, microplastic polymer types segregated column according their density. Lower density polymers, such as polypropylene polyethylene, dominated surface samples (25% 42%, respectively) but decreased abundance through (3% 2% deep-sea, respectively), whereas only denser polymers (i.e. polyesters acrylics) were enriched with depth (5% seawater 77% locations). Our demonstrates some most abundant recalcitrant manufactured plastics more persistent than previously anticipated further research is required determine ultimate fate current knowledge does not support deep sink for all types.

Language: Английский

---

Mini-review of microplastics in the atmosphere and their risks to humans

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 703, P. 135504 - 135504

Published: Nov. 13, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Public and Environmental Health Effects of Plastic Wastes Disposal: A Review

Journal of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(2)

Published: April 12, 2019

Since 1950 to 2018, about 6.3 billion tonnes of plastics have been produced worldwide, 9% and 12% which recycled incinerated, respectively. Human population increase consistent demand for plastic products are responsible continuous in the production plastics, generation waste its accompanied environmental pollution. We reviewed this paper, most relevant literatures on different types production, hazardous chemical constituents, prevailing disposal methods detrimental effects these constituents air, water, soil, organisms human health viz-a-viz methods. Papers that reported public but not directly were also reviewed. Varieties used many consumable including medical devices, food packaging water bottles contain toxic chemicals like phthalates, heavy metals, bisphenol A. brominated flame retardants, nonylphenol, polychlorinated biphenylethers, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, phenanthrene etc.

Language: Английский

---

Biodegradation of PET: Current Status and Application Aspects

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 4089 - 4105

Published: April 8, 2019

Most petroleum-derived plastics, as exemplified by poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), are chemically inactive and highly resistant to microbial attack. The accumulation of plastic waste results in environmental pollution threatens ecosystems, referred the "microplastic issue". Recently, PET hydrolytic enzymes (PHEs) have been identified we reported degradation a consortium its bacterial resident, Ideonella sakaiensis. Bioremediation may thus provide an alternative solution recycling waste. mechanism into benign monomers hydrolase mono(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalic acid (MHET) from I. sakaiensis has elucidated; nevertheless, biodegradation require additional development for commercialization owing low catalytic activity these enzymes. Here, introduce degrading microorganisms involved, along with evolution PHEs address issues that hamper enzymatic degradation. Potential applications also discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Polystyrene nanoparticles: Sources, occurrence in the environment, distribution in tissues, accumulation and toxicity to various organisms

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 262, P. 114297 - 114297

Published: March 2, 2020

Civilization development is associated with the use of plastic. When plastic was introduced to market, it assumed that less toxic than glass. Recently, known plastics are serious ecological problem they, do not degrade and remain in environment for hundreds years. Plastic may be degraded into micro-particles < 5000 nm diameter, further nanoparticles (NPs) 100 diameter. NPs have been detected air, soil, water sludge. One most commonly used polystyrene (PS) - a product polymerization styrene monomers. It production styrofoam other products like toys, CDs cup covers. In vivo vitro studies suggested (PS-NPs) penetrate organisms through several routes i.e. skin, respiratory digestive tracts. They can deposited living accumulate along food chain. surrounded by "protein corona" allows them penetrating cellular membranes interacting structures. Depending on cell type, transported pinocytosis, phagocytosis, or passively. Currently there no would indicate carcinogenic potential PS-NPs. On hand, PS monomer (styrene) classified International Agency Research Cancer (IARC) as potentially substance (carcinogenicity class B2). Despite widespread presence secondary primary nature, assess effect those substances human organism. This study aimed at review literature data concerning formation PS-NPs environment, their accumulation chain, adverse effects various organization levels.

Language: Английский

---

Computational Redesign of a PETase for Plastic Biodegradation under Ambient Condition by the GRAPE Strategy

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 1340 - 1350

Published: Jan. 13, 2021

Nature has provided a fantastic array of enzymes that are responsible for essential biochemical functions but not usually suitable technological applications. Not content with the natural repertoire, protein engineering holds promise to extend applications improved tailored properties. However, robust proteins remains difficult task since positive mutation library may cooperate reach target function in most cases owing ubiquity epistatic effects. The main demand lies identifying an efficient path accumulated mutations. Herein, we devised computational strategy (greedy engineering, GRAPE) improve robustness PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis. A systematic clustering analysis combined greedy accumulation beneficial mutations computationally derived enabled redesign variant, DuraPETase, which exhibits apparent melting temperature is drastically elevated by 31 °C and strikingly enhanced degradation toward semicrystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films (30%) at mild temperatures (over 300-fold). Complete biodegradation 2 g/L microplastics water-soluble products under conditions also achieved, opening up opportunities steer biological uncollectable PET waste further conversion resulting monomers high-value molecules. crystal structure revealed individual match design model. Concurrently, synergistic effects captured, while interactions alleviated during process. We anticipate our will provide broadly applicable global optimization enzyme performance.

Language: Английский

---