Durability of carbon dioxide removal is critical for Paris climate goals DOI Creative Commons
Cyril Brunner, Zeke Hausfather, Reto Knutti

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

Abstract Carbon Dioxide Removal is essential for achieving net zero emissions, as it required to neutralize any residual CO 2 emissions. The scientifically recognized definition of requires removed atmospheric be stored “durably”; however, remains unclear what meant by durably, and interpretations have varied from decades millennia. Using a reduced-complexity climate model, here we examined the effect with varying storage durations. We found that duration substantially affects whether emissions achieve desired temperature outcomes. With typical 100-year duration, 6 GtCO per year result in an additional warming 0.8 °C 2500 compared permanent storage, thus putting internationally agreed limits at risk. Our findings suggest period less than 1000 years insufficient neutralizing remaining fossil under These results reinforce principle credible neutralization claims using framework require balancing removals similar residence time reservoir, e.g., geological or biogenic.

Language: Английский

The Zero Emissions Commitment and climate stabilization DOI Creative Commons

Sofia Palazzo Corner,

Martín J. Siegert, Paulo Ceppi

et al.

Frontiers in Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

How do we halt global warming? Reaching net zero carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions is understood to be a key milestone on the path safer planet. But how confident are that when stop emissions, also The Zero Emissions Commitment (ZEC) quantifies much warming or cooling can expect following complete cessation of anthropogenic CO emissions. To date, best estimate by Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report change, though with substantial uncertainty. In this article, present an overview changes expected in major Earth system processes after and their potential impact surface temperature, providing outlook toward building more assessment ZEC decades come. We propose structure guide research into associated climate, separating impacts over decades, centuries, millennia. As look ahead at century billed mark end ask: what prospect stable climate post-net world?

Language: Английский

Citations

46
Measuring energy transition away from fossil fuels: A new index DOI
Ye Qi, Jiaqi Lu, Tianle Liu

et al.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 200, P. 114546 - 114546

Published: May 17, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Assessment of technologies and economics for carbon dioxide removal from a portfolio perspective DOI Creative Commons
Andreas Mühlbauer, Dominik Keiner, Christoph Gerhards

et al.

International journal of greenhouse gas control, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 141, P. 104297 - 104297

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Energy and socioeconomic system transformation through a decade of IPCC-assessed scenarios DOI
Dirk-Jan Van de Ven, Shivika Mittal, Αλέξανδρος Νίκας

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 218 - 226

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Net-zero approaches must consider Earth system impacts to achieve climate goals DOI
Kirsten Zickfeld, Alexander MacIsaac, Josep G. Canadell

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1298 - 1305

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Implications of preferential access to land and clean energy for Sustainable Aviation Fuels DOI Creative Commons
Susanne Becken, Brendan Mackey, David S. Lee

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 886, P. 163883 - 163883

Published: May 8, 2023

Aviation is highly dependent on liquid fossil fuel, and the production of 'sustainable aviation fuels' (SAF) being proposed as a solution to removing carbon component, especially for long-haul flights. An analysis 12 roadmaps net zero 2050 reveals heavy reliance biogenic SAF in medium-term synthetic e-kerosene longer term. Realising these could require 9 % global renewable electricity 30 sustainably available biomass 2050, with significant energy 'losses'. The continued use hydrocarbon fuel generates 1.35 GtCO2 which are still from fuel. savings 70 depend direct indirect life cycle emissions producing SAF. Additional effects that omitted most relate decadal time lags re-sequestering biocarbon case forest impact non-CO2 emissions. Both greater scrutiny fully understanding climate substitution. scaling up not only maintain but grow problematic it competes land needed nature-based removal, clean more effectively decarbonise other sectors, captured CO2 be stored permanently. As such, undermines goals limiting warming 1.5 °C; conflict neither recognised nor public debate.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Climate targets, carbon dioxide removal, and the potential role of ocean alkalinity enhancement DOI Creative Commons
Andreas Oschlies, Lennart T. Bach, Rosalind E. M. Rickaby

et al.

State of the Planet, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2-oae2023, P. 1 - 9

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

Abstract. The Paris Agreement to limit global warming well below 2 ∘C requires the ambitious reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and balancing of remaining through carbon sinks (i.e., deployment dioxide removal or CDR). While climate mitigation scenarios until now primarily consider land-based CDR methods, there is growing concern about their potential deliver sufficient CDR, marine options are receiving more interest. Based on idealized theoretical studies, ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) appears as a promising method. However, knowledge base insufficient for robust assessment its practical feasibility, side effects, social governance aspects, monitoring verification issues. A number research efforts aims improve this timely manner. We provide an overview current situation developing OAE method describe history that has led creation best practices guide.

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Pathway to zero emissions in global tourism: opportunities, challenges, and implications DOI Creative Commons
Paul Peeters, Bernadett Papp

Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(9), P. 1784 - 1810

Published: June 22, 2024

Human emissions must reach zero by 2050 to avoid dangerous climate change. Most sectors have achieved a downward path for their greenhouse gas emissions, but tourism's continued grow. We explore scenarios reduce global tourism and find only narrow pathway that could lead net while not severely damaging the economy. Our study uses system dynamics model. describe business-as-usual scenario, including its consequences share of remaining carbon budgets if world is limit temperature rise 1.5 or 2 °C. 45 possible policy approaches, like taxes subsidies, infrastructure investments, off-sets, technology, behavioural changes, sustainable aviation fuels. Key measures appear be mandate e-fuel mixing up 100% 2050, multi-trillion USD investment in hydrogen-powered electric aircraft high-speed rail infrastructure. limited renewable energy supply will constrain growth it 2050. A risk-analysis explores robustness policies. Finally, we discuss (ZET) scenario propose.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Emerging signals of climate change from the equator to the poles: new insights into a warming world DOI Creative Commons
Matthew Collins, Jonathan D. Beverley, Thomas J. Bracegirdle

et al.

Frontiers in Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

The reality of human-induced climate change is unequivocal and exerts an ever-increasing global impact. Access to the latest scientific information on current projection future trends important for planning adaptation measures informing international efforts reduce emissions greenhouse gases (GHGs). Identification hazards risks may be used assess vulnerability, determine limits adaptation, enhance resilience change. This article highlights how recent research programs are continuing elucidate processes advance projections across major systems identifies remaining knowledge gaps. Key findings include projected increases in monsoon rainfall, resulting from a changing balance between rainfall-reducing effect aerosols rainfall-increasing GHGs; strengthening storm track North Atlantic; increase fraction precipitation that falls as rain at both poles; frequency severity El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, along with changes ENSO teleconnections America Europe; hazardous hot-humid extremes. These have potential human natural systems. Nevertheless, these reduced via urgent, science-led by reductions GHGs.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Greenwashing, net-zero, and the oil sands in Canada: The case of Pathways Alliance DOI Creative Commons
Melissa Aronczyk, Patrick McCurdy, Chris Russill

et al.

Energy Research & Social Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112, P. 103502 - 103502

Published: April 4, 2024

Net-zero plans, or the target of negating an organization's carbon emissions by 2050, have proliferated among large oil and gas companies. These plans led to misleading unverifiable claims climate protection spurred concerns researchers about greenwashing. This article examines net zero greenwashing using case Pathways Alliance, a coalition six companies representing 95 % sands production in Canada, one world's largest reserves. Drawing on corpus documents (n = 183) spanning two-year period, including materials from coalition's advertising public relations campaign, we evaluate Alliance's communication for indicators net-zero We identify instances selective disclosure omission, misalignment claim action, displacement responsibility, non-credible claims, specious comparisons, nonstandard accounting, inadequate reporting. There is also evidence that their publicity campaign extends beyond usually collected assessed researchers. The calls further research into expanded conception able account role digital platforms, relations, sector-wide alliances strategically coordinated communication.

Language: Английский

Citations

8