The grassy ecosystems of Madagascar in context: Ecology, evolution, and conservation DOI Creative Commons
John A. Silander, William J. Bond,

Joelisoa Ratsirarson

et al.

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 94 - 115

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Societal Impact Statement Madagascar is famous for its unique forests and their fauna. Most of the island covered by flammable grassy ecosystems long considered to be human origin threatening remaining forests. Yet new studies show that many plants animals systems are restricted these open habitats. Open have markedly different management requirements from bring contributions society. We argue can benefit if understood managed wisely using expanded knowledge bases also include collaboration with locals. Summary Until recently, nearly all research interests in focused on forested To help place Madagascar's context, we provide a summary origin, development, evolution tropical, C4 elsewhere, especially those Africa; summarize similarities differences distribution C3 grasses Malagasy landscape, plant traits, inferences evolutionary legacy grasses. discuss animal communities use coevolved systems; resolve controversies over pre‐settlement extent ecosystems, suggest variety complementary geochemical, palaeobotanical, molecular genetic tools been effectively used elsewhere untangle forest/grassy ecosystem mosaics ecological processes influence them. Many should employed fully understand spatio‐temporal dynamics open, grassy, closed forest across island; as regards conservation, services provided systems, which too often ignored general, not only biome, vis‐à‐vis forests, but global importance carbon sink role they play water providing goods local villagers. conclude outlining necessary better manage without endangered ecosystems.

Language: Английский

Comprehensive Ecological Risk Changes and Their Relationship with Ecosystem Services of Alpine Grassland in Gannan Prefecture from 2000–2020 DOI Creative Commons

Zhanping Ma,

Jinlong Gao, Tiangang Liang

et al.

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 2242 - 2242

Published: June 20, 2024

Alpine grassland is one of the most fragile and sensitive ecosystems, it serves as a crucial ecological security barrier on Tibetan Plateau. Due to combined influence climate change human activities, degradation alpine in Gannan Prefecture has been increasing recent years, causing increases risk (ER) leading ecosystem facing unprecedented challenges. In this context, particularly construct potential damage index (PGDI) assessment framework that can be used effectively characterize ecosystem. This study comprehensively uses multi-source data PGDI based resilience index, landscape ER grass–livestock balance index. Thereafter, we proposed feasible for assessing comprehensive analyzed responsive relationship between services (ESs) grassland. There are four findings. The first from 2000–2020 had low distribution southeast high trend northwest, with medium (29.27%) lower (27.62%) dominating. high-risk area accounted 4.58% was mainly Lintan County, border Diebu Zhuoni Counties, eastern part Xiahe southwest Hezuo. Second, ESs showed pattern northwest southeast. only 9.30% studied were distributed west Maqu County central County. Third, Moran’s values 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020 −0.246, −0.429, −0.348, −0.320, −0.285, respectively, thereby indicating significant negative spatial autocorrelation all aspects. Fourth, caused by action multiple factors. differences driving factors affect ER. Landscape dominant factor affecting ER, q greater than 0.25, followed DEM NDVI. addition, interaction diversity NDVI greatest impact Overall, offers new methodological quantification grasslands.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Reassessing the alternative ecosystem states proposition in the African savanna‐forest domain DOI Creative Commons
Steven I. Higgins, Swarnendu Banerjee, Mara Baudena

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 243(5), P. 1660 - 1669

Published: July 9, 2024

Summary Ecologists are being challenged to predict how ecosystems will respond climate changes. According the Multi‐Colored World (MCW) hypothesis, impacts may not manifest because consumers such as fire and herbivory can override influence of on ecosystem state. One MCW interpretation is that determinism fails alternative states (AES) possible at some locations in space. We evaluated theoretical empirical evidence for proposition forest savanna AES Africa. found maps which infer where zones located were contradictory. Moreover, data from longitudinal experimental studies provide inconclusive AES. That is, although forest‐savanna theoretically sound, existing yet convincing. conclude by making case has fundamental consequences designing management actions mitigate adapt change savanna‐forest domain it needs a more robust base before used prescribe actions.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
The Relationships between Plant Community Stability and Diversity across Different Grassland Types and Their Association with Environmental Factors in the Habahe Forest Area, Xinjiang DOI Creative Commons

Guoyan Zeng,

Mao Ye, Miaomiao Li

et al.

Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 499 - 499

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Plant community stability and diversity play crucial roles in maintaining the stable performance of grassland ecosystem functions. In this study, we selected 55 representative sample plots Habahe Forest region Altai Mountains, Xinjiang. We examined number species, individuals, cover each species plots. Additionally, determined aboveground biomass communities, M. Godron plant (using Margalef index, Simpson Shannon–Wiener Alatalo evenness index) analyzed stability, diversity, correlation between environmental factors (such as longitude, latitude, altitude, slope, humus thickness, soil air temperature, precipitation, moisture). The results show that coverage height different types area decrease from mountain meadow to desert steppe. meadows are significantly higher than those steppes. is follows: montane steppe > richness four positively correlated with while negatively stability. Dominance whereas Precipitation moisture main affecting area. Soil nutrients slope can also impact by diversity. summary, ecological management grasslands should consider climate, soil, terrain factors, measures be adapt types.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Interactions of fertilisation and crop productivity in soil nitrogen cycle microbiome and gas emissions DOI Creative Commons
Laura Kuusemets, Ülo Mander, Jordi Escuer-Gatius

et al.

SOIL, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 1 - 15

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Abstract. Fertilised soils are a significant source of nitrous oxide (N2O), highly active greenhouse gas and stratospheric ozone depleter. Nitrogen (N) fertilisers, while boosting crop yield, also lead to N2O emissions into the atmosphere, impacting global warming. We investigated relationships between mineral N fertilisation rates additional manure amendment with different types through analysis abundances cycle functional genes, soil N2 emissions, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), physicochemical biomass production. Our study indicates that predominantly dependent on rate enhance an increased rate. Crop type has impact emissions. Higher were attained application in comparison fertilisation. Manure number genes variations N2O. The mainly related nitrification soil. Quantification showed potential role denitrification, comammox (complete ammonia oxidation) dissimilatory nitrate reduction ammonium (DNRA) processes as did not find moisture be significantly linked results provide evidence that, for wheat, 80 kg ha−1 is closest optimal balancing yield achieving high NUE. Sorghum good cultivation temperate climates, it similar compared other but maintained low losses ha−1.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Investigating the Zonal Response of Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Australian Grasslands to Ongoing Climate Change DOI Creative Commons
Junhong Bai, Tingbao Xu

Land, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 296 - 296

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Grasslands are key components of land ecosystems, providing valuable ecosystem services and contributing to local carbon sequestration. Australian grasslands, covering approximately 70% the continent, vital for agriculture, pasture, services. Ongoing climate change introduces considerable uncertainties about dynamic responses different types grasslands changes in regional its variation. This study, bringing together high-resolution meteorological data, calibrated long-term satellite NDVI NPP statistical models, investigated spatiotemporal variability their predominant drivers (temperature soil water content) across Australia’s grassland zones from 1992 2021. Results showed a slight, non-significant increase, primarily driven by improved vegetation northern savannah (SGs). Areal average annual values fluctuated annually but with levelled trend over time, illustrating resilience. measures aligned spatially, decreasing coastal inland regions north south. Most SGs experienced an increase NPP, boosted abundant moisture warm weather, which promoted growth sustained stable growing biomass this zone. The increased open (OGs) were linked wetter conditions, while decreases western desert (DGs) ascribed warming drier weather. Soil availability was dominant driver growth, being positively correlated content negatively temperature most grasslands. Projections under SSP126 SSP370 scenarios using ACCESS-ESM1.5 slight increases 2050 warmer though southern may see declines coverage storage. study provides insights into variability. results will help underpin design sustainable management strategies practices changing Australia.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Uruguayan Grasslands: A Threatened Natural Asset DOI Open Access
Anaclara Guido, Luis López‐Mársico, Claudia Rodríguez

et al.

Austral Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(2)

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

ABSTRACT Grasslands are often mis‐defined, mainly due to the legacy of colonial narratives in several regions, which have described them as deforested, unproductive or wastelands. They been largely ignored global conservation and protection policies, leading increased exploitation. Although there is much accumulated evidence on ecosystem services that grasslands provide, Uruguay, this still neglected parts society for most sustainability policies. Twenty percent Uruguayan replaced by other land uses (crops forestry) recent decades. Nevertheless, large areas natural remain their preservation crucial. The aim work was show value through a brief review history multiple assets (i.e., biodiversity, services, cultural identity economic activities). We also outline some advances public policy initiatives, but emphasise such policies critically underdeveloped terms conservation, threatening existence Uruguay future generations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
India’s grasslands are not “wastelands” DOI
Sutirtha Lahiri, Sushma Reddy

Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 387(6735), P. 726 - 727

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Screening of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and their Growth-Promoting Activities for Stipa Purpurea in Alpine Grassland DOI

Ganjun Yi,

Juan Li, Xin Wang

et al.

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 136(3)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Stipa purpurea is one of the dominant grass species in alpine grassland and plays a crucial role safeguarding ecosystem restoring degraded grassland. To enhance population dominance S. effectively prevent further degradation. In this study, we screened high-efficiency plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from rhizosphere soil samples, with aim improving growth activity through spraying PGPR. We selected functional medium for isolation PGPR soils five distinct sampling sites grasslands surrounding Qinghai Lake. Nitrogenase activity, phosphorus-solubilization, carbon-fixation, indole acetic acid (IAA)-like compounds production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase production were used to assess capability Additionally, ecological adaptability was examined. Finally, promotion effect on determined using pot experiments. The results study showed that 136 strains isolated categorized into 18 genera based 16S rRNA sequences. Among these, seven exhibited multiple characteristics promoting growth, meanwhile, GD-1-1, YD-2-4, GD-3-9, HD-1-1 strong resistance drought, cold, UV, oxidation. GD-1-1 YD-2-4 had effects purpurea, which significantly seed germination rate, facilitate above-ground part seedlings, formation lateral roots. principal component analysis indicated interaction PGPRs young roots more beneficial than sprout. provide outstanding strain resources theoretical foundation restoration findings basis research development microbial fertilizer.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
What is the role of fire in rewilding? Synthesising peer-reviewed literature into four thematic discourses DOI Creative Commons
Francisco Navarro-Rosales,

Chloë Strevens,

Immaculada Oliveras Menor

et al.

Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Tree cover homogenization in semi-open ecosystems worldwide and implications for ecosystem stability and conservation DOI Creative Commons
Lanhui Wang, Coline C. F. Boonman, Susanne Marieke Vogel

et al.

Cell Reports Sustainability, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100343 - 100343

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0