bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 23, 2023
Abstract
The
spatial
distribution
of
mRNA
is
critical
for
local
control
protein
production.
Recent
studies
have
identified
the
kinesin-3
family
member
KIF1C
as
an
RNA
transporter.
However,
it
not
clear
how
interacts
with
molecules.
Here,
we
show
that
KIF1C’s
C-terminal
tail
domain
intrinsically
disordered
region
(IDR)
containing
a
prion-like
(PLD)
unique
compared
to
tails
other
kinesin
members.
In
cells,
constructs
undergo
reversible
formation
dynamic
puncta
display
physical
properties
liquid
condensates
and
incorporate
molecules
in
sequence-selective
manner.
IDR
necessary
sufficient
driving
liquid-liquid
phase
separation
(LLPS)
but
condensate
can
be
modulated
by
adjacent
coiled-coil
segments.
purified
undergoes
LLPS
vitro
at
near-endogenous
nM
concentrations
salt-dependent
Deletion
abolished
ability
disrupted
cargoes
cell
periphery.
Our
work
thus
uncovers
intrinsic
correlation
between
activity
its
role
addition,
first
motor
reported
LLPS,
our
reveals
previously
uncharacterized
mode
motor-cargo
interaction
extends
understanding
behavior
cytoskeletal
proteins.
Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
378(6622)
Published: Nov. 24, 2022
Neurons
use
local
protein
synthesis
to
support
their
morphological
complexity,
which
requires
independent
control
across
multiple
subcellular
compartments
up
the
level
of
individual
synapses.
We
identify
a
signaling
pathway
that
regulates
proteins
required
form
excitatory
synapses
on
parvalbumin-expressing
(PV
Neuron,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
112(6), P. 942 - 958.e13
Published: Jan. 22, 2024
Neurons
express
various
combinations
of
neurotransmitter
receptor
(NR)
subunits
and
receive
inputs
from
multiple
neuron
types
expressing
different
neurotransmitters.
Localizing
NR
to
specific
synaptic
has
been
challenging.
Here,
we
use
epitope-tagged
endogenous
subunits,
expansion
light-sheet
microscopy,
electron
microscopy
(EM)
connectomics
molecularly
characterize
synapses
in
Drosophila.
We
show
that
directionally
selective
motion-sensitive
neurons,
NRs
elaborated
a
highly
stereotyped
molecular
topography
with
localized
domains
receiving
cell-type-specific
inputs.
Developmental
studies
suggested
or
complexes
them
other
membrane
proteins
determine
patterns
In
support
this
model,
identify
transmembrane
protein
selectively
associated
subset
spatially
restricted
demonstrate
its
requirement
for
synapse
formation
through
genetic
analysis.
propose
mechanisms
regulate
the
precise
spatial
distribution
provide
cartography
specifying
connections
onto
dendrites.
Spatial
segregation
of
mRNAs
in
the
cytoplasm
cells
is
a
well-known
biological
phenomenon
that
widely
observed
diverse
species
spanning
different
kingdoms
life.
In
mammalian
cells,
localization
has
been
documented
and
studied
quite
extensively
highly
polarized
most
notably
neurons,
where
localized
function
to
direct
protein
production
at
sites
are
distant
from
soma.
Recent
studies
have
strikingly
revealed
large
proportion
cellular
transcriptome
exhibits
distributions
even
lack
an
obvious
need
for
long-range
transport,
such
as
fibroblasts
or
epithelial
cells.
This
review
focuses
on
emerging
concepts
regarding
functional
outcomes
mRNA
targeting
We
also
discuss
regulatory
mechanisms
controlling
these
events,
with
emphasis
role
cell
mechanics
organization
cytoskeleton.
article
categorized
under:
Translation
>
Regulation
RNA
Export
Localization
Localization.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(7), P. 6334 - 6334
Published: March 28, 2023
Ribosomal
heterogeneity
exists
within
cells
and
between
different
cell
types,
at
specific
developmental
stages,
occurs
in
response
to
environmental
stimuli.
Mounting
evidence
supports
the
existence
of
specialized
ribosomes,
or
changes
ribosome
that
regulate
translation
a
group
transcripts.
These
alterations
have
been
shown
affect
affinity
ribosomes
for
certain
mRNAs
change
cotranslational
folding
nascent
polypeptides
exit
tunnel.
The
identification
requires
incorporation
ribosomal
proteins
modifications
rRNA
and/or
protein
lead(s)
physiologically
relevant
translation.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
specialization
mammals
discuss
their
relevance
several
human
diseases.
Muscle & Nerve,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 30, 2024
Abstract
Peripheral
nerve
injury
is
common
and
can
have
devastating
consequences.
In
severe
cases,
functional
recovery
often
poor
despite
surgery.
This
primarily
due
to
the
exceedingly
slow
rate
of
regeneration
at
only
1–3
mm/day.
The
local
environment
in
distal
stump
supportive
regrowth
deteriorates
over
time
target
end
organs
become
atrophic.
To
overcome
these
challenges,
investigations
into
treatments
capable
accelerating
are
great
clinical
relevance
an
active
area
research.
One
intervention
that
has
shown
promise
perioperative
electrical
stimulation.
Postoperative
stimulation
helps
expedite
Wallerian
degeneration
process
reduces
delays
caused
by
staggered
site
injury.
By
contrast,
preoperative
“conditioning”
increases
along
trunk.
Over
past
two
decades,
a
rich
body
literature
emerged
provides
molecular
insights
mechanism
which
impacts
regeneration.
result
upregulation
regeneration‐associated
genes
neuronal
accelerated
transport
axon
front
for
regrowth.
efficacy
brief
on
patients
with
peripheral
injuries
was
demonstrated
number
randomized
controlled
trials
compressive,
transection
traction
injuries.
As
approved
equipment
deliver
this
treatment
becoming
available,
it
may
be
feasible
deploy
novel
wide
range
settings.
Current Opinion in Neurobiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
81, P. 102725 - 102725
Published: May 15, 2023
Transcriptomic
approaches
are
powerful
strategies
to
map
the
molecular
diversity
of
cells
in
brain.
Single-cell
genomic
atlases
have
now
been
compiled
for
entire
mammalian
brains.
However,
complementary
techniques
only
just
beginning
subcellular
transcriptomes
from
distal
cellular
compartments.
We
review
single-cell
datasets
alongside
subtranscriptome
data
brain
explore
development
and
diversity.
discuss
how
RNA-seq
misses
transcripts
localized
away
cell
bodies,
which
form
'dark
transcriptome'
brain:
a
collection
subtranscriptomes
dendrites,
axons,
growth
cones,
synapses,
endfeet
with
important
roles
function.
Recent
advances
transcriptome
sequencing
reveal
these
elusive
pools
RNA.
outline
success
stories
date
uncovering
constituent
neurons
glia,
as
well
present
emerging
toolkit
that
is
accelerating
pace
discovery.
