The fine-scale recombination rate variation and associations with genomic features in a butterfly

Genome Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(5), P. 810 - 823

Published: May 1, 2023

Recombination is a key molecular mechanism that has profound implications on both micro- and macroevolutionary processes. However, the determinants of recombination rate variation in holocentric organisms are poorly understood, particular Lepidoptera (moths butterflies). The wood white butterfly (

Language: Английский

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Exploring impact of recombination landscapes on breeding outcomes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(14)

Published: March 27, 2023

Plant breeding relies on crossing-over to create novel combinations of alleles needed confer increased productivity and other desired traits in new varieties. However, crossover (CO) events are rare, as usually only one or two them occur per chromosome each generation. In addition, COs not distributed evenly along chromosomes. plants with large genomes, which includes most crops, predominantly formed close ends, there few the swaths around centromeres. This situation has created interest engineering CO landscape improve efficiency. Methods have been developed boost globally by altering expression anti-recombination genes increase rates certain parts changing DNA methylation patterns. progress is being made devise methods target specific sites. We review these approaches examine using simulations whether they indeed capacity efficiency programs. found that current alter can produce enough benefits for programs be attractive. They genetic gain recurrent selection significantly decrease linkage drag donor loci schemes introgress a trait from unimproved germplasm an elite line. genome sites were also provide advantage when introgressing segment harboring desirable quantitative loci. recommend avenues future research facilitate implementation

Language: Английский

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Widespread Recombination Suppression Facilitates Plant Sex Chromosome Evolution

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 38(3), P. 1018 - 1030

Published: Oct. 22, 2020

Classical models suggest that recombination rates on sex chromosomes evolve in a stepwise manner to localize sexually antagonistic variants the which they are beneficial, thereby lowering of between X and Y chromosomes. However, it is also possible chromosome formation occurs regions with preexisting suppression. To evaluate these possibilities, we constructed linkage maps chromosome-scale genome assembly for dioecious plant Rumex hastatulus. This species has polymorphic karyotype young neo-sex chromosome, resulting from Robertsonian fusion an autosome, part its geographic range. We identified shared using comparative genetic two cytotypes. found sex-linked both ancestral embedded large low recombination. Furthermore, our comparison landscape autosomal homolog indicates mainly preceded linkage. These patterns not unique chromosomes; all were characterized by massive suppressed spanning most each chromosome. represents extreme case periphery-biased seen other systems Across chromosomes, gene repetitive sequence density correlated rate, variation differing element type. Our findings ancestrally may facilitate subsequent evolution heteromorphic

Language: Английский

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Meiotic Crossover Patterning

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: July 22, 2021

Proper number and placement of meiotic crossovers is vital to chromosome segregation, with failures in normal crossover distribution often resulting aneuploidy infertility. Meiotic are formed via homologous repair programmed double-strand breaks (DSBs). Although DSBs occur throughout the genome, intricately patterned, as observed first early genetic studies by Muller Sturtevant. Three types patterning events have been identified. Interference, described Sturtevant 1915, a phenomenon which on same do not near one another. Assurance, initially identified Owen 1949, describes minimum per pair. Suppression, Beadle 1932, dictates that regions surrounding centromere telomeres. The mechanisms behind remain largely unknown, key players appear act at all scales, from DNA level inter-chromosome interactions. There also considerable overlap between known drive each phenomenon. In this review we discuss history patterning, developments methods used field, our current understanding interplay phenomena.

Language: Английский

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Let's get physical – mechanisms of crossover interference

Journal of Cell Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 134(10)

Published: May 15, 2021

ABSTRACT The formation of crossovers between homologous chromosomes is key to sexual reproduction. In most species, are spaced further apart than would be expected if they formed independently, a phenomenon termed crossover interference. Despite more century study, the molecular mechanisms implementing interference remain subject active debate. Recent findings how signaling proteins control and about interchromosomal interface in which form offer new insights into this process. Review, we present cell biological biophysical perspective on interference, summarizing evidence that links spatial, dynamic, mechanical properties meiotic chromosomes. We synthesize physical understanding context prevailing mechanistic models aim explain implemented.

Language: Английский

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Crossover patterning through kinase-regulated condensation and coarsening of recombination nodules

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 27, 2021

Abstract Meiotic recombination is highly regulated to ensure precise segregation of homologous chromosomes. Evidence from diverse organisms indicates that the synaptonemal complex (SC), which assembles between paired chromosomes, plays essential roles in crossover formation and patterning. Several additional “pro-crossover” proteins are also required for intermediates become crossovers. These typically form multiple foci or nodules along SCs, later accumulate at fewer, widely spaced sites. Here we report C. elegans CDK-2 stabilize all stabilizes interactions among pro-crossover factors by phosphorylating MSH-5. Additionally, show conserved RING domain ZHP-3/4 diffuse SC remain dynamic following their accumulation Based on these previous findings propose a model arise through spatially restricted biomolecular condensation then undergo coarsening process, resulting interference.

Language: Английский

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Estimation of the contemporary effective population size from SNP data while accounting for mating structure

Molecular Ecology Resources, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

A new method is developed to estimate the contemporary effective population size (Ne ) from linkage disequilibrium (LD) between SNPs without information on their location, which usual scenario in non-model species. The general theory of extended include contribution full-sibs measure LD, leading naturally estimation Ne monogamous and polygamous mating systems, as well multiparous species, with non-random distributions full-sib family due selection or other causes. Prediction confidence intervals for estimates was solved using a small artificial neural network trained dataset over 105 simulation results. method, implemented user-friendly fast software (currentNe), able even problematic scenarios large sizes sample provides that are more consistent than resampling methods.

Language: Английский

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Creating novel ornamentals via new strategies in the era of genome editing

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 14, 2023

Ornamental breeding has traditionally focused on improving novelty, yield, quality, and resistance to biotic or abiotic stress. However, achieving these goals often required laborious crossbreeding, while precise techniques have been underutilized. Fortunately, recent advancements in plant genome sequencing editing technology opened up exciting new frontiers for revolutionizing ornamental breeding. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state transgenic propose four promising strategies that already proven successful crop could be adapted with help editing. These include recombination manipulation, haploid inducer creation, clonal seed production, reverse We also discuss detail research progress, application status, feasibility each tactics.

Language: Английский

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Nascent evolution of recombination rate differences as a consequence of chromosomal rearrangements

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(8), P. e1010717 - e1010717

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Reshuffling of genetic variation occurs both by independent assortment chromosomes and homologous recombination. Such reshuffling can generate novel allele combinations break linkage between advantageous deleterious variants which increases the potential efficacy natural selection. Here we used high-density maps to characterize global regional recombination rate in two populations wood white butterfly (Leptidea sinapis) that differ considerably their karyotype as a consequence at least 27 chromosome fissions fusions. The data were compared estimates diversity measures selection assess relationship chromosomal rearrangements, crossing over, maintenance adaptation. Our show is influenced size number, but difference number crossovers karyotypes reduced higher frequency double larger chromosomes. As expected from effects on linked sites, observed an overall positive association populations. results also revealed significant effect rearrangements intergenic change populations, limited polymorphisms coding sequence. We conclude have considerable landscape consequently influence efficiency

Language: Английский

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A simple expression for the strength of selection on recombination generated by interference among mutations

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(19)

Published: May 3, 2021

Significance Recombination between parental chromosomes during meiosis represents an important source of genetic novelty and is thought to be the main evolutionary benefit sexual reproduction. However, forces driving rapid evolution recombination rates demonstrated by comparisons populations or closely related species remain obscure. This article provides mathematical quantification selective advantage a mutation increasing map length (average number cross-overs occurring at meiosis) whole genome due increased efficiency selection against deleterious alleles. It shows that can expressed as simple expression rate per unit length, providing way evaluating its plausible order magnitude.

Language: Английский

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