Adding climate change to the mix: responses of aquatic ectotherms to the combined effects of eutrophication and warming

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2021

The threat of excessive nutrient enrichment, or eutrophication, is intensifying across the globe as climate change progresses, presenting a major management challenge. Alterations in precipitation patterns and increases temperature are increasing loadings aquatic habitats creating conditions that promote proliferation cyanobacterial blooms. exacerbating effects warming on eutrophication well established, but we lack an in-depth understanding how ectotherms respond to tandem. Here, I provide brief overview critique studies exploring cumulative impacts ectotherms, forward direction using mechanistically focused, multi-threat experiments disentangle complex interactions. Evidence date suggests rapid will exacerbate negative gradual induce physiological remodelling provides protection against nutrients hypoxia. Moving forward, research benefit from greater focus unveiling cause effect mechanisms behind interactions designing treatments better mimic dynamics nature. This approach enable robust predictions species responses ongoing integration into policies.

Language: Английский

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Brain dysfunction during warming is linked to oxygen limitation in larval zebrafish

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(39)

Published: Sept. 19, 2022

Understanding the physiological mechanisms that limit animal thermal tolerance is crucial in predicting how animals will respond to increasingly severe heat waves. Despite their importance for understanding climate change impacts, these underlying upper limits of are largely unknown. It has been hypothesized fish limited by brain and ultimately caused a global depolarization. In this study, we developed methods measuring (CT max ) larval zebrafish ( Danio rerio with simultaneous recordings activity using GCaMP6s calcium imaging both free-swimming agar-embedded fish. We discovered during warming, CT precedes, therefore not by, Instead, coincides decline spontaneous neural loss response visual stimuli. By manipulating water oxygen levels up down, found availability heating affects locomotor-related activity, stimuli, . Our results suggest mechanism limiting larvae insufficient causing impaired function.

Language: Английский

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The impacts of heat stress on animal cognition: Implications for adaptation to a changing climate

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(4)

Published: April 27, 2021

Abstract With global surface air temperature rising rapidly, extensive research effort has been dedicated to assessing the consequences of this change for wildlife. While impacts on phenology, distribution, and demography wild animal populations are well documented, impact increasing cognition in these received relatively little attention. Cognition encompasses mental mechanisms that allow individuals process information from surrounding environment, respond accordingly, flexibly adjust behavior. Hence, it is likely be a key factor allowing animals adaptively climate change. Captive studies show heat stress can negatively affect cognitive performance not only short‐term but also long‐term, by altering development at early life stages. Field indicate may survival reproductive success. However, link between stress, cognition, fitness yet formally established. We propose comprehensive framework collection robust empirical datasets wild. then suggest how knowledge could applied population viability models wildlife management actions. believe joint encompassing fields thermal physiology, behavioral ecology, comparative conservation science, essential provide timely mitigation measures against potential This article categorized under: Climate, Ecology, Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes

Language: Английский

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Chronic heat stress causes liver damage via endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in broilers

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 101(10), P. 102063 - 102063

Published: July 26, 2022

Liver is a central metabolic organ, which sensitive to heat stress. damage affects animals' health and endangers the livestock poultry industry. This study aimed investigate mechanism of chronic stress-induced liver in broiler chickens. Broilers were divided into 3 treatments: normal control group (NOR, 22°C), stress (HS, 32°C) pair-feeding (PF, 22°C) for 7-d 14-d trial. The results showed that 7 d exposure caused microvesicular steatosis reduced glutamine synthetase activity (P < 0.05). After 14 exposure, vacuolar degeneration apoptosis liver; elevated relative weight glutaminase as well plasma ammonia level Additionally, enhanced GRP78 protein expression mRNA expressions endoplasmic reticulum (ER) responses genes apoptosis-related after In conclusion, triggered ER damage, may compromise detoxification liver.

Language: Английский

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An Overview of Major Synthetic Fuels

Energies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 2834 - 2834

Published: March 18, 2023

Artificial fuels have been researched for more than a decade now in an attempt to find alternative sources of energy. With global climatic conditions rapidly approaching the end their safe line, emphasis on escalating change has seen recent times. Synthetic are diverse group compounds that can be used as replacements traditional fuels, such gasoline and diesel. This paper provides comprehensive review synthetic with focus classification production processes. The article begins in-depth introduction, followed by virtually classifying major currently produced industrial scale. further discusses feedstocks processes, along detailed equations diagrams help readers understand basic science behind fuels. environmental impact these is also explored, respective key players industry. By highlighting benefits drawbacks this study aims facilitate informed discussion about future energy role may play reducing our reliance fossil

Language: Английский

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