Diabetic kidney disease

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: July 30, 2015

Language: Английский

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Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. 8199 - 8226

Published: Sept. 23, 2015

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in body. It has been recognized as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymatic reactions, where it crucial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism. required DNA and RNA synthesis, reproduction, protein synthesis. Moreover, magnesium essential regulation of muscular contraction, blood pressure, insulin metabolism, cardiac excitability, vasomotor tone, nerve transmission neuromuscular conduction. Imbalances status-primarily hypomagnesemia seen common hypermagnesemia-might result unwanted neuromuscular, or nervous disorders. Based on magnesium's many functions within human body, plays an important role prevention treatment diseases. Low levels have associated with number chronic diseases, such Alzheimer's disease, resistance type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (e.g., stroke), migraine headaches, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Language: Английский

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New insights into oxidative stress and inflammation during diabetes mellitus-accelerated atherosclerosis

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 20, P. 247 - 260

Published: Oct. 20, 2018

Oxidative stress and inflammation interact in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis. Intracellular hyperglycemia promotes production mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased formation intracellular advanced glycation end-products, activation protein kinase C, polyol pathway flux. ROS directly increase expression inflammatory adhesion factors, oxidized-low density lipoprotein, insulin resistance. They activate ubiquitin pathway, inhibit AMP-protein adiponectin, decrease endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, all which accelerate Changes composition gut microbiota changes microRNA that influence regulation target genes occur diabetes with to promote This review highlights consequences sustained acceleration atherosclerosis by diabetes. The potential contributions are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Diabetes and Kidney Disease: Role of Oxidative Stress

Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 657 - 684

Published: Feb. 24, 2016

Significance: Intrarenal oxidative stress plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Enhanced results from overproduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) context concomitant, insufficient antioxidant pathways. Renal ROS production diabetes is predominantly mediated by various NADPH oxidases (NOXs), but defective system as well mitochondrial dysfunction may also contribute. Recent Advances: Effective agents targeting source generation hold promise to rescue damage prevent subsequent DKD. Critical Issues Future Directions: In present review, we summarize critically analyze molecular cellular mechanisms that have been demonstrated be involved NOX-induced renal injury diabetes, with particular focus on increased glomerular injury, development albuminuria, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, dysfunction. Furthermore, novel NOX isoforms are discussed. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 657–684.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms Linking Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2020, P. 1 - 13

Published: March 9, 2020

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and an inadequate response to circulatory insulin peripheral tissues resulting in resistance. Insulin resistance has a complex pathophysiology, it contributed multiple factors including oxidative stress. Oxidative stress refers imbalance between free radical production antioxidant system leading reduction of sensitivity contributing development T2DM via several molecular mechanisms. In this review, we present mechanisms which milieu contributes pathophysiology mellitus.

Language: Английский

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Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Mechanisms and new treatment strategies targeting antioxidant signaling pathways

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 142(3), P. 375 - 415

Published: Jan. 22, 2014

Language: Английский

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Clinical diabetic cardiomyopathy: a two-faced disease with restrictive and dilated phenotypes

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 36(27), P. 1718 - 1727

Published: April 17, 2015

Diabetes mellitus-related cardiomyopathy (DMCMP) was originally described as a dilated phenotype with eccentric left ventricular (LV) remodelling and systolic LV dysfunction. Recently however, clinical studies on DMCMP mainly describe restrictive concentric diastolic Both phenotypes are not successive stages of but evolve independently to respectively heart failure preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) or reduced (HFREF). Phenotype-specific pathophysiological mechanisms were recently proposed for dysfunction in HFPEF HFREF consisting coronary microvascular endothelial cardiomyocyte cell death HFREF. A similar preferential involvement compartments explains development into distinct restrictive/HFPEF dilated/HFREF phenotypes. mellitus (DM)-related metabolic derangements such hyperglycaemia, lipotoxicity, hyperinsulinaemia favour phenotype, which is more prevalent obese type 2 DM patients. In contrast, autoimmunity predisposes manifests itself autoimmune-prone 1 Finally, rarefaction advanced glycation end-products deposition relevant both Diagnosis requires impaired glucose metabolism exclusion coronary, valvular, hypertensive, congenital disease viral, toxic, familial, infiltrative cardiomyopathy. addition, diagnosis normal function dysfunction, whereas Treatment limited diuretics lifestyle modification, treated accordance HF guidelines.

Language: Английский

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Basic Mechanisms of Diabetic Heart Disease

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 126(11), P. 1501 - 1525

Published: May 21, 2020

Diabetes mellitus predisposes affected individuals to a significant spectrum of cardiovascular complications, one the most debilitating in terms prognosis is heart failure. Indeed, increasing global prevalence diabetes and an aging population has given rise epidemic mellitus-induced Despite research attention this phenomenon, termed diabetic cardiomyopathy, received over several decades, understanding full potential contributing mechanisms, their relative contribution failure phenotype specific context mellitus, not yet been fully resolved. Key recent preclinical discoveries that comprise current state-of-the-art basic mechanisms complex phenotype, is, heart, form basis review. Abnormalities each cardiac metabolism, physiological pathophysiological signaling, mitochondrial compartment, addition oxidative stress, inflammation, myocardial cell death pathways, neurohumoral are addressed. Further, interactions between these how they align functional, morphological, structural impairments characterize considered light clinical context: from disease burden, its management clinic, where knowledge gaps remain. The need for continued interrogation (both known those be identified) essential only decipher why but also facilitate improved inroads into pervasive challenge.

Language: Английский

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Short Chain Fatty Acids in the Colon and Peripheral Tissues: A Focus on Butyrate, Colon Cancer, Obesity and Insulin Resistance

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 9(12), P. 1348 - 1348

Published: Dec. 12, 2017

Increased dietary fiber consumption has been associated with many beneficial effects, including amelioration of obesity and insulin resistance. These effects may be due to the increased production short chain fatty acids, propionate, acetate butyrate, during fermentation in colon. Indeed, oral supplementation butyrate alone shown prevent high fat-diet induced This review focuses on sources emphasis mechanisms metabolism gut its protective colon cancer peripheral tissues prevention reversal

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic kidney disease

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 291 - 312

Published: Feb. 19, 2018

Language: Английский

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