Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease—Potential Therapeutic Role of Minerals, Vitamins and Plant-Derived Metabolites

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 263 - 263

Published: Dec. 30, 2019

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating pathology with various causal factors, culminating in end stage renal (ESRD) requiring dialysis or transplantation. The progression of CKD closely associated systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which are responsible for the manifestation numerous complications such as malnutrition, atherosclerosis, coronary artery calcification, heart failure, anemia mineral bone disorders, well enhanced cardiovascular mortality. In addition to conventional therapy anti-inflammatory antioxidative agents, growing evidence has indicated that certain minerals, vitamins plant-derived metabolites exhibit beneficial effects these disturbances. current work, we review antioxidant properties agents could be potential benefit CKD/ESRD. However, related studies were limited due small sample sizes short-term follow-up many trials. Therefore, several long-term follow-ups necessary.

Language: Английский

---

Exploration and Development of PPAR Modulators in Health and Disease: An Update of Clinical Evidence

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(20), P. 5055 - 5055

Published: Oct. 11, 2019

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear that govern the expression of genes responsible for energy metabolism, cellular development, and differentiation. Their crucial biological roles dictate significance PPAR-targeting synthetic ligands in medical research drug discovery. Clinical implications PPAR agonists span across a wide range health conditions, including metabolic diseases, chronic inflammatory infections, autoimmune neurological psychiatric disorders, malignancies. In this review we aim to consolidate existing clinical evidence modulators, highlighting their prospects challenges. Findings from trials revealed different same subtype could present safety profiles outcomes disease-dependent manner. Pemafibrate, due its high selectivity, is likely replace other PPARα dyslipidemia cardiovascular diseases. PPARγ agonist pioglitazone showed tremendous promises many non-metabolic disorders like kidney disease, depression, inflammation, The niche PPARβ/δ less well-explored. Interestingly, dual- or pan-PPAR agonists, namely chiglitazar, saroglitazar, elafibranor, lanifibranor, gaining momentum with optimistic diseases type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver primary biliary cholangitis. Notably, preclinical development antagonists remains unacceptably deficient. We anticipate future design better modulators minimal off-target effects, superior bioavailability, pharmacokinetics. This will open new possibilities medicine.

Language: Английский

---

Diverse Role of TGF-β in Kidney Disease

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Feb. 28, 2020

Inflammation and fibrosis are two pathological features of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been long considered as a key mediator renal fibrosis. In addition, TGF-β also acts potent anti-inflammatory cytokine that negatively regulates inflammation. Thus, blockade inhibits while promoting inflammation, revealing diverse role for in CKD. It is now well documented TGF-β1 activates its downstream signaling molecules such Smad3 Smad3-dependent non-coding RNAs to transcriptionally differentially regulate inflammation fibrosis, which regulated by Smad7. Therefore, treatments rebalancing Smad3/Smad7 or specifically targeting could be better therapeutic approach. this review, the paradoxical functions underlying mechanisms discussed novel strategies TGF-β/Smad transcriptomes highlighted.

Language: Английский

---

Patient-centred approaches for the management of unpleasant symptoms in kidney disease

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 185 - 198

Published: Jan. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Inflammation in CKD

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1581 - 1581

Published: June 7, 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects many adults worldwide. Persistent low-grade inflammation is a substantial factor in its development and progression has correlated with increased mortality cardiovascular problems. This product of dysregulation the normal balance between pro- anti-inflammatory markers. Various factors such as innate immune system activation, reactive oxygen species production, periodontal disease, systems intestinal dysbiosis result this balance. Furthermore, down-effects hypertension, renal fibrosis acceleration function decline. Moreover, over time been linked to malignancy CKD. As CKD progresses, patients require dialysis, which negative bidirectional relationship persistent inflammation. Treatment options for are vast, including cytokine inhibitors, statins diets. However, more research needed create standardized management plan. In review, we will examine physiology system. We then delve into pathology behind inflammation, various causes downstream effects dialysis potential treatments

Language: Английский

---

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Attenuates CKD via Butyrate-Renal GPR43 Axis

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 131(9)

Published: Sept. 27, 2022

Despite available clinical management strategies, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with severe morbidity and mortality worldwide, which beckons new solutions. Host-microbial interactions a depletion of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in CKD are reported. However, the mechanisms about if how F can be used as probiotic to treat remains unknown.We evaluated microbial compositions 2 independent populations for any potential probiotic. Next, we investigated supplementation such mouse model restore gut-renal homeostasis monitored by its effects on suppression renal inflammation, improvement gut permeability function. Last, molecular underlying probiotic-induced beneficial outcomes.We observed significant patients both Western (n=283) Eastern (n=75). Supplementation mice reduced dysfunction, lowered serum levels various uremic toxins. These coupled improved ecology intestinal integrity. Moreover, demonstrated that induced prausnitzii-derived butyrate were through GPR (G protein-coupled receptor)-43.Using model, uncovered novel role restoration function CKD, is, at least part, attributed butyrate-mediated GPR-43 signaling kidney. Our study provides necessary foundation harness therapeutic ameliorating CKD.

Language: Английский

---

Evolving Concepts on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Malnutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(20), P. 4297 - 4297

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

While patient care, kidney replacement therapy, and transplantation techniques for chronic disease (CKD) have continued to progress, the incidence of malnutrition disorders in CKD appears remained unchanged over time. However, there is now a better understanding underlying pathophysiology according background, stage, treatment received. In patients, increased production proinflammatory cytokines oxidative stress lead milieu that at least partially responsible morbidity mortality this population. New insights into pathogenic role innate immunity cytokine profile, characterized, instance, by higher levels IL-6 TNF-α, explain some clinical laboratory abnormalities observed these patients. article, we will explore currently available nutritional–inflammatory biomarkers distinct populations (hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, transplantation) with view evaluating their efficacy as predictors involvement common process. Although direct relationship between inflammatory-nutritional status, signs symptoms [e.g., protein-energy wasting (PEW), anorexia], comorbidities (e.g., atheromatosis, atherosclerosis), are need clearly standardized markers nutritional-inflammatory assessment improve performance design appropriate bidirectional interventions.

Language: Английский

---

Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 132(8), P. 970 - 992

Published: April 13, 2023

The endothelium is considered to be the gatekeeper of vessel wall, maintaining and regulating vascular integrity. In patients with chronic kidney disease, protective endothelial cell functions are impaired due proinflammatory, prothrombotic uremic environment caused by decline in function, adding increase cardiovascular complications this vulnerable patient population. review, we discuss functioning healthy conditions contribution dysfunction disease. Further, summarize phenotypic changes disease relation risk We also review mechanisms that underlie consider potential pharmacological interventions can ameliorate health.

Language: Английский

---

Association of systemic immune-inflammation index and systemic inflammation response index with chronic kidney disease: observational study of 40,937 adults

Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(4), P. 655 - 667

Published: March 15, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Endothelial dysfunction: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(8)

Published: July 22, 2024

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications are a leading cause of death worldwide. Endothelial dysfunction plays crucial role in the initiation progression CVD, serving as pivotal factor pathogenesis cardiovascular, metabolic, other related diseases. The regulation endothelial is influenced by various risk factors intricate signaling pathways, which vary depending on specific context. Despite numerous research efforts aimed at elucidating mechanisms underlying dysfunction, precise molecular pathways involved remain incompletely understood. This review elucidates recent findings pathophysiological including nitric oxide availability, oxidative stress, inflammation‐mediated pathways. We also discuss impact pathological conditions, atherosclerosis, heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, neurodegenerative Furthermore, we summarize traditional novel potential biomarkers well pharmacological nonpharmacological therapeutic strategies for protection treatment CVD complications. Consequently, this to improve understanding emerging approaches reducing developing associated complications, mitigating dysfunction.

Language: Английский

---