The Role of Leptin and Adiponectin in Obesity-Associated Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Disease

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 13, 2019

Cross-talk between adipose tissue and central nervous system (CNS) underlies the increased risk of obese people to develop brain diseases such as cognitive mood disorders. Detailed mechanisms for how peripheral changes caused by accumulation in obesity impact CNS cause dysfunction are poorly understood. Adipokines a large group substances secreted white regulate wide range homeostatic processes including, but not limited to, energy metabolism immunity. Obesity is characterized generalized change levels circulating adipokines due abnormal tissue. Altered adipokine underlie complications well development obesity-related comorbidities type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review literature role key mediators communication periphery health disease. We will focus on actions leptin adiponectin, two most abundant studied adipokines, brain, with particular emphasis altered signaling these may lead augmented Alzheimer's A better understanding biology disorders prove major relevance diagnostic, prevention therapy.

Language: Английский

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Fatigue, Sleep, and Autoimmune and Related Disorders

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Aug. 6, 2019

Profound and debilitating fatigue is the most common complaint reported among individuals with autoimmune disease, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, celiac chronic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis. Fatigue multi-faceted broadly defined, which makes understanding cause of its manifestations especially difficult in conditions diverse pathology including diseases. In general, defined by periods exhaustion that interfere normal activities. The severity duration episodes vary, but can difficulty for even simple tasks like climbing stairs or crossing room. exact mechanisms are not well understood, perhaps due to broad definition. Nevertheless, physiological processes known play a role include oxygen/nutrient supply, metabolism, mood, motivation, sleepiness—all affected inflammation. Additionally, an important contributing element central nervous system—a region impacted either directly indirectly numerous related disorders. This review describes how inflammation system contribute suggests potential involved likely exhibited

Language: Английский

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Microglia-neuron crosstalk: Signaling mechanism and control of synaptic transmission

Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 94, P. 138 - 151

Published: May 30, 2019

Language: Английский

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Neuroimmune Connections in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Trends in Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 41(4), P. 300 - 312

Published: March 9, 2020

Language: Английский

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Obesity-induced inflammation: connecting the periphery to the brain

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(7), P. 1237 - 1252

Published: July 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Microglia in neuroimmunopharmacology and drug addiction

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 1912 - 1924

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Obesity, Neuroinflammation, and Reproductive Function

Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 160(11), P. 2719 - 2736

Published: Sept. 12, 2019

Abstract The increasing occurrence of obesity has become a significant public health concern. Individuals with have higher prevalence heart disease, stroke, osteoarthritis, diabetes, and reproductive disorders. Reproductive problems include menstrual irregularities, pregnancy complications, infertility due to anovulation, in women, lower testosterone diminished sperm count, men. In particular, women reduced levels both gonadotropin hormones, and, obese men, is accompanied by LH. Taken together, these findings indicate central dysregulation the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, specifically at level GnRH neuron function, which final brain output for regulation reproduction. Obesity state hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperleptinemia, chronic inflammation. Herein, we review recent advances our understanding how metabolic immune changes affect hypothalamic function neurons. latter part, focus on neuroinflammation as major consequence discuss that reveal neurons are uniquely positioned respond inflammatory changes.

Language: Английский

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Glial Contribution to Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapse Loss in Neurodegeneration

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 25, 2019

Synapse loss is an early feature shared by many neurodegenerative diseases, and it represents the major correlate of cognitive impairment. Recent studies reveal that microglia astrocytes play a role in synapse elimination, contributing to network dysfunction associated with neurodegeneration. Excitatory inhibitory activity can be affected glia-mediated loss, resulting imbalanced synaptic transmission subsequent dysfunction. Here we review recent literature on contribution glia excitatory/inhibitory imbalance, context most common disorders. A better understanding mechanisms underlying pathological will instrumental design targeted therapeutic interventions, taking account emerging roles remodeling.

Language: Английский

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Neuroinflammation as a Factor of Neurodegenerative Disease: Thalidomide Analogs as Treatments

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Dec. 4, 2019

Neuroinflammation is initiated when glial cells, mainly microglia, are activated by threats to the neural environment, such as pathogen infiltration or neuronal injury. Although neuroinflammation serves combat these and reinstate brain homeostasis, chronic inflammation can result in excessive cytokine production cell death if cause of remains. Overexpression tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a proinflammatory with central role microglial activation, has been associated excitotoxicity, synapse loss, propagation inflammatory state. Thalidomide its derivatives, termed immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs), class that target 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) TNF-α mRNA, inhibiting production. Due their multi-potent effects, several IMiDs, including thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, have repurposed drug treatments for diseases multiple myeloma psoriatic arthritis. Preclinical studies currently marketed well novel IMiDs 3,6'-dithiothalidomide adamantyl thalidomide support development therapeutics neurological disease. competitive edge compared similar anti-inflammatory due blood-brain barrier permeability high bioavailability, potential alleviate symptoms neurodegenerative disease slow progression. In this review, we evaluate diseases, focusing specifically on neuroinflammation, appraise current research disorders.

Language: Английский

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Plausible biochemical mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (“chemobrain”), a condition that significantly impairs the quality of life of many cancer survivors

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 1865(6), P. 1088 - 1097

Published: Feb. 10, 2019

Language: Английский

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