Role of Oxidative Stress in Ocular Diseases: A Balancing Act

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 187 - 187

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Redox homeostasis is a delicate balancing act of maintaining appropriate levels antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxidizing oxygen nitrogen species. Any disruption this balance leads to oxidative stress, which key pathogenic factor in several ocular diseases. In review, we present the current evidence for stress mitochondrial dysfunction conditions affecting both anterior segment (e.g., dry eye disease, keratoconus, cataract) posterior (age-related macular degeneration, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma) human eye. We posit that further development therapeutic interventions promote pro-regenerative responses maintenance redox may delay or prevent progression these major pathologies. Continued efforts field will not only yield better understanding molecular underlying pathogenesis diseases but also enable identification novel druggable targets therapies.

Language: Английский

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Advanced liquid crystal-based switchable optical devices for light protection applications: principles and strategies

Light Science & Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Abstract With the development of optical technologies, transparent materials that provide protection from light have received considerable attention scholars. As important channels for external light, windows play a vital role in regulation buildings, vehicles, and aircrafts. There is need with switchable properties to prevent or attenuate damage interference human eye light-sensitive instruments by inappropriate radiation. In this context, liquid crystals (LCs), owing their rich responsiveness unique properties, been considered among best candidates advanced materials. review, we an overview advances research on LC-based methods against light. First, introduce characteristics different sources requirements. Second, several classes modulation principles based crystal demonstrate feasibility using them protection. addition, discuss current strategies applications. Finally, problems shortcomings strategies. We propose suggestions field

Language: Английский

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Significance of Singlet Oxygen Molecule in Pathologies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2739 - 2739

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen, play an important role in the onset and progression of disease, as well aging. Singlet can be formed non-enzymatically by chemical, photochemical, electron transfer reactions, or a byproduct endogenous enzymatic reactions phagocytosis during inflammation. The imbalance antioxidant enzymes networks with generation increases oxidative stress, resulting undesirable oxidation modification biomolecules, such proteins, DNA, lipids. This review describes molecular mechanisms production vivo methods for evaluation damage induced oxygen. involvement pathogenesis skin eye diseases is also discussed from biomolecular perspective. We present our findings on lipid products derived oxygen-mediated glaucoma, early diabetes patients, mouse model bronchial asthma. Even these diseases, due to have not been measured clinically. discusses their potential biomarkers diagnosis. Recent developments scavengers carotenoids, which utilized prevent are described.

Language: Английский

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RPE melanin and its influence on the progression of AMD

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 102358 - 102358

Published: June 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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A review of the current state of research on artificial blue light safety as it applies to digital devices

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. e10282 - e10282

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Light is necessary for human health and well-being. As we spend more time indoors, are being increasingly exposed to artificial light. The development of lighting has allowed us control the brightness, colour, timing our light exposure. Yet, widespread use raised concerns about impact altering environment on health. adoption personal digital devices over past decade yet another source We a significant amount using with light-emitting screens, including smartphones tablets, at close range. emitted from these devices, while appearing white, an emission spectrum peak in blue Blue often characterised as hazardous its photon energy higher than that other wavelengths visible Under certain conditions, can cause harm retina ocular structures. also influence circadian rhythm processes mediated by melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. While component sunlight various physiological processes, whether low-illuminance presents risk remains ongoing area debate. technological advancements continue, it relevant understand how new may This review examines existing research safety eye, visual performance, functions.

Language: Английский

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Broadband Long Wavelength Light Promotes Myopic Eye Growth and Alters Retinal Responses to Light Offset in Chick

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 66(1), P. 30 - 30

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Purpose: Prolonged exposure to broadband light with a short-wavelength (blue) or long-wavelength (orange/red) bias is known impact eye growth and refraction, but the mechanisms underlying this response are unknown. Thus, present study investigated effects of blue orange lights well-differentiated spectrums on refractive development global flash electroretinography (gfERG) measures retinal function in chick myopia model. Methods: Chicks were raised for 4 days monocular negative lenses, no lens, under blue, orange, white light. Chick weight, dimensions, refraction measured at conclusion rearing. In separate cohort chicks, effect colored rearing responses flashes was assessed using gfERG. Results: reared exhibited significantly larger myopic shift lenses compared those Orange increased gfERG d-wave amplitude implicit time did not alter flashes. Blue affect retina's any color. Conclusions: exacerbated defocus-induced relative The recordings revealed that prolonged responsivity offset long wavelength flashes, suggesting potential role ON/OFF pathway balance generating requires further electrophysiological molecular investigation.

Language: Английский

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Aging of the Retina: Molecular and Metabolic Turbulences and Potential Interventions

Annual Review of Vision Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 633 - 664

Published: June 1, 2021

Multifaceted and divergent manifestations across tissues cell types have curtailed advances in deciphering the cellular events that accompany advanced age contribute to morbidities mortalities. Increase human lifespan during past century has heightened awareness of need prevent age-associated frailty neuronal sensory systems allow a healthy productive life. In this review, we discuss molecular physiological attributes aging retina, with goal understanding age-related impairment visual function. We highlight epigenome–metabolism nexus proteostasis as key contributors retinal lifestyle changes potential modulators Finally, deliberate promising intervention strategies for promoting retina improved vision.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial dysfunction in glaucomatous degeneration

International Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 811 - 823

Published: April 28, 2023

Glaucoma is a kind of optic neuropathy mainly manifested in the permanent death retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), atrophy nerve, and loss visual ability. The main risk factors for glaucoma consist pathological elevation intraocular pressure (IOP) aging. Although mechanism remains an open question, theory related to mitochondrial dysfunction has been emerging last decade. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) from respiratory chain are abnormally produced as result dysfunction. Oxidative stress takes place when cellular antioxidant system fails remove excessive ROS promptly. Meanwhile, more studies show that there other common features glaucoma, including damage DNA (mtDNA), defective quality control, ATP reduction, changes, which worth summarizing further exploring. purpose this review explore glaucomatous neuropathy. Based on mechanism, existing therapeutic options summarized, medications, gene therapy, red-light promising provide feasible neuroprotective ideas treatment glaucoma.

Language: Английский

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Polydopamine Nanoparticles as Mimicking RPE Melanin for the Protection of Retinal Cells Against Blue Light‐Induced Phototoxicity

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(29)

Published: May 30, 2024

Abstract Exposure of the eyes to blue light can induce overproduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) in retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, potentially leading pathological damage age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). While melanin RPE cells absorbs prevents ROS accumulation, loss dysfunction due changes may contribute photooxidation toxicity. Herein, a novel approach utilizing polydopamine‐replenishing strategy via single‐dose intravitreal (IVT) injection is presented protect against light‐induced phototoxicity. To investigate effects overexposure on exposure Nrf2‐deficient mouse model created, which susceptible lesions. After irradiation, an are observed. The demonstrated effectiveness maintaining structural integrity preventing by reducing production limiting phototoxicity exposure. These findings highlight potential polydopamine as simple effective replenishment for providing photoprotection high‐energy

Language: Английский

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Light Pollution and Oxidative Stress: Effects on Retina and Human Health

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 362 - 362

Published: March 18, 2024

Visible light refers to the frequencies within electromagnetic spectrum that humans can see, encompassing radiation with wavelengths falling between 380 nm 760 nm. The energy of a single photon increases its frequency. In retina, photoreceptor cells contain light-sensitive pigments absorb and convert it into electrical stimuli through process known as phototransduction. However, since absorption photoreceptors closely aligns blue (ranging from 400 500 nm), exposure high intensities or continuous illumination result in oxidative stress these cells, leading loss their functionality. Apart retina also houses photosensitive ganglion intrinsically retinal (ipRGCs). These relay information suprachiasmatic nucleus brain, playing crucial role modulating melatonin secretion, which turn helps synchronizing body’s circadian rhythms responses seasonal changes. Both, ipRGCs skin possess peak sensitivity wavelengths, rendering them particularly susceptible effects excessive exposure. This study delves consequences and/or prolonged on function explores implications for human health.

Language: Английский

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