Pulmonary redox imbalance drives early fibroproliferative response in moderate/severe coronavirus disease-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome and impacts long-term lung abnormalities DOI Creative Commons

Chun Xia Yang,

Yuanyuan Tan, Zihao Li

et al.

Annals of Intensive Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 12, 2024

COVID-19-associated pulmonary fibrosis remains frequent. This study aimed to investigate redox balance in COVID-19 ARDS patients and possible relationship with long-term lung abnormalities. Baseline data, chest CT scores, N-terminal peptide of alveolar collagen III (NT-PCP-III), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized (GSSG) malondialdehyde (MDA) bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were first collected compared between SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive moderate severe (n = 65, ARDS) negative non-ARDS requiring mechanical ventilation 63, non-ARDS). Then, correlations fibroproliferative (NT-PCP-III TGF-β1) markers analyzed within group, comparisons survivor non-survivor subgroups performed. Finally, follow-up survivors was performed analyze the abnormalities, 3 months after discharge. Compared group had significantly elevated scores (p < 0.001) NT-PCP-III 0.001), TGF-β1 GSSG MDA concentrations on admission, while decreased SOD GSH levels observed BALF. Both BALF from directly correlated inversely 0.001). Within non-survivors 28) showed significant fibroproliferation more imbalance than 37). Furthermore, according data 37), radiographic residual function impairment improved discharge associated early 0.01). Pulmonary occurring drives response increases risk death. Long-term abnormalities post-COVID-19 are imbalance.

Language: Английский

Ketogenic diet for human diseases: the underlying mechanisms and potential for clinical implementations DOI Creative Commons
Huiyuan Zhu, Dexi Bi, Youhua Zhang

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Jan. 17, 2022

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, adequate-protein, and very-low-carbohydrate regimen that mimics the metabolism of fasting state to induce production ketone bodies. KD has long been established as remarkably successful dietary approach for treatment intractable epilepsy increasingly garnered research attention rapidly in past decade, subject emerging evidence promising therapeutic potential various diseases, besides epilepsy, from obesity malignancies. In this review, we summarize experimental and/or clinical efficacy safety different discuss possible mechanisms action based on recent advances understanding influence at cellular molecular levels. We emphasize may function through multiple mechanisms, which remain be further elucidated. challenges future directions implementation spectrum diseases have discussed. suggest that, with encouraging effects increasing insights into action, randomized controlled trials should conducted elucidate foundation use KD.

Language: Английский

Citations

245
Epigenetic mechanisms influencing COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Rwik Sen,

Michael R. Garbati,

Kevin F. Bryant

et al.

Genome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 64(4), P. 372 - 385

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most significant public health threats in recent history and has impacted lives almost everyone worldwide. Epigenetic mechanisms contribute to many aspects SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle, including expression levels viral receptor ACE2, cytokine genes as part host immune response, implication various histone modifications several COVID-19. proteins physically associate with different over course infection, notably there are interactions between epigenetic enzymes such HDACs bromodomain-containing shown by correlation-based studies. contributions life cycle response infection have resulted factors being identified emerging biomarkers for COVID-19, project modifiers promising therapeutic targets combat This review article highlights major pathways at play during disease discusses ongoing clinical trials that will hopefully slowing spread SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Mediterranean Diet for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes in the Covid-19 Era: Implications of Il-6 In Diabesity DOI Open Access
Anna Lucia Fedullo, Antonio Schiattarella, Maddalena Morlando

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 1213 - 1213

Published: Jan. 26, 2021

The aim of this review is to highlight the influence Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Weight Gain (GWG) during COVID-19 pandemic era specific role interleukin (IL)-6 in diabesity. It known that diabetes, high body mass index, glycated hemoglobin raised serum IL-6 levels are predictive poor outcomes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). immunopathological mechanisms severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection include rising several cytokines particular IL-6. latter associated with hyperglycemia insulin resistance could be useful for predicting development GDM. Rich omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, MedDiet improves immune system modulate IL-6, C reactive protein Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB. Moreover, polyphenols microbiota composition, inhibit NF-κB pathway, lower upregulate antioxidant enzymes. Finally, adhering prior pregnancy have a protective effect, reducing GWG risk GDM, as well improving response viral infections such COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Immunomodulatory effect of a very-low-calorie ketogenic diet compared with bariatric surgery and a low-calorie diet in patients with excessive body weight DOI Creative Commons

Paula M. Lorenzo,

Ignacio Sajoux, Andrea G. Izquierdo

et al.

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 41(7), P. 1566 - 1577

Published: May 18, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

37
New-onset IgA nephropathy following COVID-19 vaccination DOI Creative Commons

Yaohui Ma,

Gaosi Xu

QJM, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 116(1), P. 26 - 39

Published: Aug. 3, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has significant economic and health damage worldwide. Rapid vaccination is one of key strategies to curb illness death due SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hundreds millions people worldwide have received various COVID-19 vaccines, including mRNA inactivated vaccines adenovirus-vectored but side effects efficacy most not been extensively studied. Recently, there increasing reports immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) after vaccination, however, whether their relationship causal or coincidental remains be verified. Here, we summarize latest clinical evidence IgAN diagnosed renal biopsy associated with vaccine published 10 July 2022 largest sample size, propose a hypothesis for pathogenesis between them. At same time, new opportunity presented allows us explore mechanism recurrence first time. Indeed, recognize that large-scale enormous benefits in preventing morbidity mortality. The purpose this review help guide assessment management IgA post-COVID-19 enrich 'multi-hit' theory nephropathy.

Language: Английский

Citations

35
The Evolution of Ketosis: Potential Impact on Clinical Conditions DOI Open Access

Latha Nagamani Dilliraj,

Giovanna Schiuma, Djidjell Lara

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(17), P. 3613 - 3613

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Ketone bodies are small compounds derived from fatty acids that behave as an alternative mitochondrial energy source when insulin levels low, such during fasting or strenuous exercise. In addition to the metabolic function of ketone bodies, they also have several signaling functions separate production. this perspective, we review main current data referring in correlation with nutrition and pathways well potential impact on clinical conditions. Data were selected following eligibility criteria accordingly reviewed topic. We used a set electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web Sciences (WOS), Cochrane Library) for systematic search until July 2022 using MeSH keywords/terms (i.e., BHB, acetoacetate, inflammation, antioxidant, etc.). The literature reported need confirmation consistent trials might validate results obtained vitro vivo animal models. However, exogenous consumption effect bodies' brain uptake metabolism spur research define acute chronic effects humans pursue possible implication prevention treatment human diseases. Therefore, additional studies required examine systemic consequences bodies.

Language: Английский

Citations

33
The Influence of the Western Diet on Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Immunity DOI
Vanessa Las Heras, Silvia Melgar, John MacSharry

et al.

Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 489 - 512

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Diet exerts a major influence upon host immune function and the gastrointestinal microbiota. Although components of human diet (including carbohydrates, fats, proteins) are essential sources nutrition for host, they also directly through interaction with innate cell-mediated regulatory mechanisms. Regulation microbiota community structure provides mechanism by which food processes. Here, we consider complex interplay between modern (Western) diet, microbiota, immunity in context obesity metabolic disease, inflammatory bowel infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Research progress of NLRP3 inflammasome and its inhibitors with aging diseases DOI Creative Commons

Zhuo Yuan,

Dongke Yu,

Tingting Gou

et al.

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 957, P. 175931 - 175931

Published: July 24, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Ketogenic Diet: A Review of Composition Diversity, Mechanism of Action and Clinical Application DOI Creative Commons
Dominika Malinowska, Małgorzata Żendzian‐Piotrowska

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a special high‐fat, very low‐carbohydrate with the amount of protein adjusted to one’s requirements. By lowering supply carbohydrates, this induces considerable change in metabolism (of and fat) increases production ketone bodies. purpose article review diversity composition, mechanism action, clinical application risk associated KD. In last decade, more results diet’s effects on obesity, diabetes neurological disorders, among other examples have appeared. beneficial KD diseases are related reconstruction myelin sheaths neurons, reduction neuron inflammation, decreased reactive oxygen species, support dopamine production, repair damaged mitochondria formation new ones. Minimizing intake carbohydrates reduced absorption simple sugars, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels fluctuations glycaemia diabetes. Studies obesity indicate an advantage over diets terms weight loss. This may be due upregulation biological activity appetite‐controlling hormones, or lipogenesis, intensified lipolysis increased metabolic costs gluconeogenesis. However, it important aware side These include disorders digestive system as well headaches, irritability, fatigue, occurrence vitamin mineral deficiencies worsened lipid profile. Further studies aimed determine long‐term required.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Vagus Nerve Stimulation: A Potential Adjunct Therapy for COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Éric Azabou,

Guillaume Bao,

Rania Bounab

et al.

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: May 7, 2021

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes disease 2019 (COVID-19) through excessive end organ inflammation. Despite improved understanding of the pathophysiology, management, and great efforts worldwide to produce effective drugs, death rates COVID-19 patients remain unacceptably high, treatment is unfortunately lacking. Pharmacological strategies aimed at modulating inflammation in are being evaluated worldwide. Several drug therapies targeting this inflammation, such as tocilizumab, an interleukin (IL)-6 inhibitor, corticosteroids, programmed cell protein (PD)-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition, cytokine-adsorption devices, intravenous immunoglobulin have been identified potentially useful reliable approaches counteract cytokine storm. However, little attention currently paid for non-drug therapeutic inflammatory immunological processes that may be reducing COVID-19-induced complications improving patient outcome. Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates both experimental models preliminary data human. Modulating activity cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways (CAPs) described by group KJ Tracey has indeed become important target research diseases sepsis. Non-invasive transcutaneous vagal (t-VNS), a non-pharmacological adjuvant, help reduce burden deserve investigated. VNS adjunct therapy should investigated clinical trials. Two trials on topic underway (NCT04382391 NCT04368156). results these will informative, but additional larger studies needed.

Language: Английский

Citations

36