Inflammatory mediators drive neuroinflammation in autism spectrum disorder and cerebral palsy

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Dec. 18, 2023

Inflammation conditions are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and cerebral palsy (CP), primarily observed in the peripheral immune system. However, extent of neuro-inflammation neuro-immune dysregulation remains poorly studied. In this study, we analyzed composition cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to uncover inflammatory mediators driving system ASD CP patients. Our findings revealed that patients had elevated levels four cytokines (TNF-α, IL-4, IL-21, BAFF) compared controls, while exhibited increased eight (IFN-γ, GM-CSF, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17A IL-12), one anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), five growth factors (GFs) (NGF-β, EGF, GDF-15, G-CSF BMP-9) both controls Additionally, intrathecal infusion autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) led a slight decrease TGF-β GDF-15 CSF patients, respectively. study provides new insights into molecular potential develop more effective diagnosis methods improved treatment for these diseases.Clinical trial registration samples used from clinical trials NCT03225651, NCT05307536, NCT02569775, NCT03123562, NCT02574923, NCT05472428 previous reports [7, 9, 17-19].

Language: Английский

---

Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated with Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Children

Children, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 796 - 796

Published: June 28, 2024

The formation of the human gut microbiome initiates in utero, and its maturation is established during first 2–3 years life. Numerous factors alter composition functions, including mode delivery, early onset breastfeeding, exposure to antibiotics chemicals, maternal stress, among others. microbiome–brain axis refers interconnection biological networks that allow bidirectional communication between brain, involving nervous, endocrine, immune systems. Evidence suggests metabolic byproducts are actively implicated regulation brain development. Any disturbance this stage may adversely affect resulting a variety neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). In present study, we reviewed recent evidence regarding impact on development, alongside correlation with significant NDDs, such as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity Tourette syndrome, cerebral palsy, fetal alcohol disorders, genetic NDDs (Rett, Down, Angelman, Turner syndromes). Understanding changes provide new chances for their treatment future.

Language: Английский

---

Intake of High‐Calorie Diet and Phytonutrients: A New Paradigm to Treat Cerebral Palsy in Children

eFood, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Cerebral palsy (CP) encompasses neurodevelopmental disorders affecting movement and posture, arising from nonprogressive brain damage during prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal periods. Diagnosis typically occurs between ages 3 5, with symptoms including abnormal muscle tone impaired motor skills. CP's etiology is diverse, ranging genetic predispositions to perinatal complications, often exacerbated by poor nutrition. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach involving neurologists, therapists, surgeons, psychologists, social workers address impairments co‐morbidities like epilepsy, cognitive deficits, sensory impairments. Neurological rehabilitation, primarily through physical occupational therapies, forms the cornerstone of CP management. Addressing feeding difficulties, common in CP, necessitates enteral parenteral feeding, each potential complications. High‐calorie formulas offer promising strategy combat undernutrition improve outcomes. Research also explores benefits natural compounds kaempferol resveratrol, though further investigation needed.

Language: Английский

---

Robot-assisted upper limb therapy for personalized rehabilitation in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent disorders movement development that may cause activity limitations. In this context, robot-assisted therapy might play key role in clinical management. This comprehensive systematic review aimed to investigate the efficacy robotic systems improving upper limb (UL) functions children with CP. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and PEDro were searched from inception February 2024. The risk bias was assessed Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools battery. Of 756 articles identified, 14 studies involving 193 CP judged be good methodological quality, but lack study design, included final synthesis. wide range devices used, both exoskeletons end-effectors, wearable non-wearable. who underwent reported significant overall increase assessment, specifically UL movements manual dexterity. improvement often accompanied by gain also instrumental assessments (i.e., kinematic analysis, EMG). present suggested can improve motor Moreover, availability different adjustable parameters represent an important resource proposing patient-centered-personalized rehabilitation protocols enhance integration into daily life. However, limited sample size standardized clearly reproducible impose recommend use as usual not replacement. https://osf.io/a78zb/.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring the Potential of Nanotechnology in Pediatric Healthcare: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1583 - 1583

Published: May 24, 2023

The utilization of nanotechnology has brought about notable advancements in the field pediatric medicine, providing novel approaches for drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and tissue engineering. Nanotechnology involves manipulation materials at nanoscale, resulting improved effectiveness decreased toxicity. Numerous nanosystems, including nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanotubes, have been explored their therapeutic potential addressing diseases such as HIV, leukemia, neuroblastoma. also shown promise enhancing diagnosis accuracy, availability, overcoming blood–brain barrier obstacle treating medulloblastoma. It is important to acknowledge that while offers significant opportunities, there are inherent risks limitations associated with use nanoparticles. This review provides a comprehensive summary existing literature on highlighting its revolutionize healthcare recognizing challenges need be addressed.

Language: Английский

---

Multimodal fuzzy logic-based gait evaluation system for assessing children with cerebral palsy

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Gait analysis is crucial for identifying functional deviations from the normal gait cycle and essential individualized treatment of motor disorders such as cerebral palsy (CP). The primary contribution this study introduction a multimodal fuzzy logic system-based index (FLS-GIS), designed to provide numerical scores patterns in both healthy children those with CP, before after surgery. This examines evaluates surgical outcomes CP who have undergone Achilles tendon lengthening. FLS-GIS utilizes hierarchical feature fusion models systematically evaluate score patterns, focusing on spatial temporal features across hip, knee, ankle joints. two FLS types-1 (FLS-GIS-T1) type-2 (FLS-GIS-T2) indices, respectively, were implemented comprehensively profiles. Starting parameters all subjects, changes post-surgery reflect significant improvements dynamics, bringing walking closer their typically peers. Both FLS-GIS-T1 FLS-GIS-T2 demonstrated evaluations compared pre-surgery assessments, p values < 0.05 0.001, when traditional indices. proposed FLS-based offers clinicians robust standardized evaluation tool, characterized by fixed range values, enabling consistent assessment various conditions.

Language: Английский

---

Yoga—a complementary and traditional medicine for human health

Journal of Integrative Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Effects of transcranial photobiomodulation on fine motor skills in boccia para‐athletes

Photochemistry and Photobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Abstract This study investigated the effects of transcranial photobiomodulation (t‐PBM) on para‐athletes' manual dexterity and intralimbal coordination. Six para‐athletes from a Boccia Team participated. t‐PBM was administered using LED helmet with 204 LEDs (660 850 nm) emitting 10 mW each, delivering 9 J/cm 2 per during 15‐min sessions three times week. The trial lasted weeks, baseline, placebo treatment, post‐treatment assessments. Manual measured by Box Ball Test (BBLT), coordination discrete continuous horizontal vertical touch tests. Results showed significant improvements in for group compared to placebo. Discrete tests reduced time perform movements, increased movement frequency group. No were observed shown be potentially effective benefits fine motor skills.

Language: Английский

---

Cerebral palsy: current status of the problem (review of literature)

Russian Journal of Child Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. 20 - 28

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

The article presents an overview of current literature data on the description risk factors, epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, prevention and treatment cerebral palsy (CP). Cerebral is most common pathology that leads to disability in childhood, with impaired motor function as a result damage central nervous system. With CP, there wide range disorders disrupt daily activities child. In addition, cognitive behavioral problems, communication disorders, appearance epileptic seizures are possible. Previously it was believed cause CP lack oxygen at birth. However, modern research has established that, along this, many other causes factors together brain during ontogenesis contribute development pathological process. This review aims highlight developments field identify new avenues for future this area.

Language: Английский

---

Writhing Movements and Hypoglycemia in Moderate–Late Preterm Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study

Children, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 174 - 174

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Introduction: This study aims to examine the relationship between hypoglycemia and general movement patterns during early post-term-aged in moderate-to-late preterm infants assess interobserver reliability of evaluation this period. Compared with full-term infants, constitute largest group premature births globally are at greater risk developing neurodevelopmental disorders. Hypoglycemia is one most prevalent factors group. Methods: prospective single-center explorative cohort included their admission neonatal intensive care unit. General movements were assessed via Prechtl’s Movements Assessment, blood glucose levels monitored FreeStyle Optium™ Neo glucometer. Associations analyzed Fisher’s exact test, whereas was evaluated intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) kappa coefficient. Results: A total 17 (<45 mg/dL) presented a relatively high percentage (58.8%) poor repertoire normal (35.2%) post-term-aged. Interobserver good (ICC = 0.7), indicated moderate (0.4). Conclusions: Moderate-to-late transient may frequently display patterns, highlighting need for careful monitoring. Furthermore, proves be reliable tool

Language: Английский

---